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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Legg-Calve-Perthes disease--a mysterious hip joint disease in children. Diagnosis, investigation and treatment].

The major challenge to the attending physician in cases of children with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is to prevent the development of degenerative arthritis of the hip joint. In the presence of unfavourable prognostic factors such as lateral subluxation or more than 50 per cent necrosis of the femoral head, the examination should be complemented by MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and operative treatment be considered. Treatment is commonly based on the principle of containment of the femoral head to prevent its deformity. However, there is no consensus as to the treatment of LCPS, and as the aetiology remains unknown the optimal treatment is similarly unclear.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

Oxidation in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and cross-linked polyethylene acetabular cups tested against roughened femoral heads in a hip joint simulator.

This study was aimed at comparing the oxidative degradation of commercial acetabular cups made of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and conventional ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). After testing against deliberately scratched CoCrMo femoral heads in a hip joint simulator, the cups, microtomed parallel to the articulating surface, were analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Due to the potential for artifacts caused by absorbed contaminants, the IR spectra were compared only after hexane extraction; actually, XLPE was found to absorb more serum than UHMWPE. The two sets of unworn acetabular cups showed different oxidation patterns with consequently different distributions of carbonyl species; unworn XLPE was characterized by lower contents of carbonyl species and hydrogen-bonded alcohols and higher contents of trans-vinylene species than unworn UHMWPE. Upon simulator testing, UHMWPE showed more significant changes in oxidation indexes and distribution of carbonyl compounds than XLPE, confirming a better wear behavior for XLPE under the adopted testing conditions.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1982

[Advances in the surgery of hip-joint fractures since W. Denk's era (author's transl)].

On the occasion of the centenary of Prof. Dr. W. Denk's birth, a short survey is given of the advances in the surgical management of fractures in the region of the hip joint in the post-Denk era. It was Denk who encouraged his colleagues to undertake the first nailing of a collum femoris fracture according to Smith-Peterson's method on December 26th, 1932 at his department.

Austria↗
PubMed1998

Consequences of transverse acetabular fracture malreduction on load transmission across the hip joint.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biomechanical behavior of gap and step malreductions in a model of transverse acetabular fracture. DESIGN: Cadaver pelvis loading in simulated single-leg stance with intact acetabulum, after transverse acetabular fracture anatomically reduced, and after step and gap malreduction. Five transtectal transverse fractures; five juxtatectal transverse fractures. SETTING: Quasi-static loading of the hip with simulated abductor mechanism to physiologic loads with pressure-sensitive film interposed in the joint to determine contact area and contact pressure within the hip joint. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: Hip joint contact parameters: contact area, peak and mean contact pressure, and load distribution. RESULTS: Step malreduction of the transtectal transverse fracture resulted in significantly increased peak contact pressures (20.5 megapascals) in the superior acetabular articular surface as opposed to the intact acetabulum (9.1 megapascals). Gap malreduction of transtectal transverse fracture and step and gap malreduction of juxtatectal fracture did not result in significantly increased contact pressures in the hip. CONCLUSION: Step malreduction of a transverse acetabular fracture in the superior articular surface results in abnormally high contact forces and may predispose to the development of posttraumatic arthritis.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical technic in femur shaft fenestration within the scope of revision operations following hip joint total endoprostheses].

In revision arthroplasty the loss of stability secondary to fenestration of the proximal femur reduces the loading capacity of the limb and increases the risk of postoperative fractures. Trying to improve the fenestration technique we tested the usual fenestration procedure experimentally. Besides pure axial load we investigated the torsional forces of the proximal femur in the bended hip position. We recorded the deformation under increasing load and analysed the fracture pattern. The results shows an unwarantable loss of stability in lateral or complete ventral fenestration procedures. Ventral fenestration procedures with smooth edges and intact proximal bony ring having additional prosthesis stem support presented the best mechanical results. According to the tolerated load it is possible to give guide-lines for the postoperative treatment in the cemented and cementless arthroplasty of the hip joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Fatigue fractures in the area of the hip joint in joggers].

An increased incidence of fatigue fractures of the lower extremities has been observed as a result of the jogging craze. The authors describe a fatigue fracture of the neck of the femur and a fracture dislocation (not described to date) of the hip joint with fracture of the posterior acetabular margin and avulsion of a femoral head fragment.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1993

[A sandwich-type hip joint socket with a ceramic lining].

The authors present a new type of sandwich socket with ceramic lining. Mechanical tests provide evidence that the submitted implant is very firm. It is a basic prototype from which cemented and non-cemented sockets of the hip joint will be derived. The authors use a 28 mm socket paired with a 28 mm head and 12/14 conus and 14/16 Euroconus. This means that the submitted socket is compatible with all types of cemented and non-cemented endoprostheses.

Ceramics↗
PubMed2003

Hip joint contact forces during stumbling.

AIM: To determine whether load directions for stumbling are similar to those for common activities and whether stumbling can be realistically simulated under laboratory conditions without endangering the patients. METHOD: The magnitudes and directions of hip contact forces were measured during real and simulated stumbling and compared with those found during various other everyday activities. Measurements were obtained by use of hip implants with built-in load sensors and telemetry. RESULTS: Peak forces are approximately twice as high during real stumbling as during any other activity and may range higher than eight-times the body weight. Simulated stumbling leads to much lower contact forces, especially if this happens after a warning. Accidental stumbling in everyday situations should, therefore, be avoided, especially in patients with hip replacements or arthrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The directions of peak hip contact forces relative to the femoral bone are nearly constant for any activity, including real stumbling. This observation supports the assumption that muscle and bone anatomy plus muscle function are optimized in order to minimize stresses in bone and muscles. Any impairment of such a mechanically balanced system will increase the musculoskeletal loads. Malposition of total hip implants or muscle deficits caused by the surgical approach must, therefore, be avoided or minimized.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1991

[3D-based production of hip joints: the Aldinger system].

Total hip replacement is regarded as one of the most successful surgical procedures. However, aseptic loosening of the foreign material still remains a great problem with endoprostheses. Bone cement, a material for filling and fitting, allows a solution to the problem in old people, but for younger people surgeons have looked for alternatives without cement. In fixation hip stems without form-filling cement, the greatest difficulty with standardized stems was the lack of adequate fit into the individual bone cavity. The new approach, the Aldinger custom-made hip stem, is based on a series of computer tomographical X-rays. This free-styled prosthesis stem is derived directly from the 3D-reconstruction of the inner contour of the femur without any parametrization of the cross-sections. A simulation of the implantation procedure is performed to ensure the implantability of the prosthesis and to give the surgeon some useful hints for the individual operation. In addition to the excellent form-fit to the individual bone, this prosthesis has further advantages such as the special disk-like surface structure, allowing good stress transfer to the bone, and the possibility of positioning the artificial head freely in three dimensions according to the requirements of therapy. Seven years of experience with this new system demonstrate that "computer-fit" can be a successful alternative to "cement-fit," especially in younger patients with a life expectancy of more than 10-15 years.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1989

[A revision prosthesis for the hip joint].

Following loosening of total hip prostheses increasing bone resorption occurs around the prosthesis, which can lead to extensive bony defects. In this paper a revision prosthesis for the femur is presented, which is fixed in the distal marrow cavity without cement, bridging the damaged prosthesis bed and stabilizing the femur. Vigorous bony regeneration begins in the resorption defects, which makes good the loss of bone substance. The revision prosthesis described for the cup is also implanted without cement. It allows additional fixation with screws and also onlay grafting, so that even when the acetabulum is badly damaged it is possible to change the prosthesis to obtain a good functional result and also allow recovery of the bone.

Acetabulum↗