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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Genetic screening of donors for artificial insemination.

A routine has been established for genetic screening of donors in an artificial insemination and frozen sperm bank program. This report is a summary and analysis of the information obtained on the first 168 donor applicants and 89 recipients who were genetically screened. The specific forms for screening, family information obtained, characteristics of the donor and recipient groups, and guidelines for acceptance or rejection of donors are discussed. The donor and recipient often failed to perceive that the disorders in the family were genetic. The simple question of whether or not there were genetic or hereditary problems in the family was ineffective, even when the donor or recipient had formal medical training.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacokinetic and adaptation factors involved in testicular toxicity.

In the male gonads, factors that modify toxicity include the pharmacokinetic parameters governing the absorption, distribution, activation, and detoxication of toxicants; covalent binding to macromolecules; and DNA damage as well as DNA repair of damaged germ cells. All of these factors are being studied in our laboratory at the present time. The male germ cells are protected by a biological barrier comparable to that which retards the penetration of chemicals to the brain; permeability constants for the two are nearly identical. Toxication and detoxication processes are present in both the seminferous tubule and interstitial cellular compartments. The balance of toxication-detoxication processes apparently favors the germ cells; detoxication reactions are relatively more abundant in the seminiferous tubules. Unscheduled DNA repair has been shown in spermatogonia and spermatocytes; spermatids and sperm lack DNA repair capability. The DNA repair capacity associated with spermatogenic cells appears to be dose-dependent and saturable. Understanding the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the blood-testis barrier, toxication and detoxication mechanisms as well as DNA repair systems in male gonads will allow a better understanding of species comparison and reproductive and genetic toxicity. This understanding will also increase the reliability of extrapolating laboratory animal data to man and estimating human risk.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Childlessness in Cameroon: artificially assisted fertility or the customary law solution.

This article seeks to spell out the various solutions available to childless couples in Cameroon. It compares the practice of artificially assisted fertility to the traditional solution of customary law adoption. It also points out that there is an urgent need for the passing of statutory regulations aimed at guiding both medical practitioners and the beneficiaries of artificially assisted fertility. The absence of such regulations notwithstanding, the implications of this new method are critically analysed in view of other statutory provisions.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1994

Presymptomatic testing for Huntington's disease. Emotional aspects.

Presymptomatic genetic testing for Huntington's disease has been available since 1986. Recent discovery of the distinct gene by the Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group will probably simplify testing and encourage more people to pursue it. Unfortunately advances in treatment lag behind genetics diagnosis capabilities. The individual at risk faces pursuing a test for a disease for which there is no cure, only limited treatment. The emotional aspects are reviewed of individuals being tested at the Regional Genetic Program at the University of South Florida from May 1988 until April 1993.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Public and private regulation of reproductive technologies.

Human reproduction is interrelated with privacy. However, in most countries where new reproductive technologies are used public regulations have been passed to provide a legal framework for such technologies. This interference in private life can be justified by the need to control medical intervention in the human reproductive process. But in order to find a balance between public regulations and other social regulations, this article analyses the impact private regulation may have on issues raised by reproductive technologies. It also addresses the issue of the influence of private bodies on the drafting of public regulations.

Bioethics↗