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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Growth in malnutrition related to gastrointestinal diseases: coeliac disease.

Coeliac disease in children is frequently associated with a slow growth rate. This observation may be linked to the malabsorption that occurs in these patients; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. To better understand this phenomenon, we have studied the growth patterns of 153 patients with coeliac disease for 2-9 years. Gastro-intestinal biopsies were performed before and after gluten exclusion. In a second group of 79 children, somatostatin levels and binding properties in the plasma and jejunal mucosa were measured. In a third group of 40 patients we measured insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGF-BP3) levels. We found that in children diagnosed before 2 years of age weight was the most affected growth parameter. In children diagnosed after this age, height was more affected. Suppression of gluten intake induced an acceleration of growth velocity. Although plasma levels of somatostatin were not significantly altered, somatostatin concentrations in the jejunal mucosa of patients in the active phase of the disease were significantly elevated (p < 0.05). Children with coeliac disease exhibited significantly lower levels of IGF-BP3 when compared to patients with normal stature and growth velocities. In contrast, these patients showed an increase in IGF-BP3 levels after gluten exclusion from the diet.

Body Height↗
PubMed1983

Large cell lymphomas of the stomach: improved prognosis with complete resection of all intrinsic gastrointestinal disease.

Thirty-seven consecutive patients with large cell lymphoma involving the stomach were evaluated between 1974 and 1980. All seven stage IE patients underwent complete resection of the stomach and all patients are alive 21-41 mo after resection. Of 18 stage IIE, 11 underwent complete resection. Two resected patients without postoperative therapy died of their disease. Six patients treated with chemotherapy are alive and well, and two of three patients treated with radiotherapy remain alive without disease. Seven patients had incomplete resection or biopsy, and only one remains alive at 34 mo. Of eight stage IV patients, four had complete resection and chemotherapy without recurrence of their disease. All four patients who were not resected have died of their disease. This study strongly supports the role of early surgery in the management of gastric large cell lymphomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Pantoprazole: a new proton pump inhibitor in the management of upper gastrointestinal disease.

Pantoprazole, the third proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to become available, has been extensively investigated. Pantoprazole inhibits acid more powerfully than histamine H(2) receptor antagonists (H(2)RAs) and omperazole 20 mg and raises median 24-h gastric pH from about 1.5 to 3-4 in healthy volunteers and in duodenal ulcer patients to above 5. Results from studies have confirmed that pantoprazole is superior to H(2)RAs in speed of healing and symptom relief in patients with peptic ulcer. In patients with duodenal ulcer pantoprazole was as effective as omperazole 20 mg and in patients with gastric ulcer pantoprazole was statistically superior to omeprazole 20 mg after 4 weeks. In triple combination therapy of peptic ulcer disease, the mean eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori in data pooled from 32 pantoprazole-based studies was 86% and compliance with treatment was about 90%. Results pooled from 5 large clinical trials of gastroesophageal reflux disease showed healing rates significantly superior to those achieved with H(2)RAs and similar to those of other PPIs at 4 and 8 weeks. Symptom relief was more rapid with pantoprazole and maintenance treatment kept the majority of patients in remission; relapse rates at 1 year were 25-28% on 20 mg daily and 6-22% on 40 mg daily. Maintenance treatment with pantoprazole 40 mg has been shown to keep most patients with aggressive or refractory ulcer and reflux disease in remission for up to 3 years. Pantoprazole was also effective in the management of patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. In volunteers given aspirin, pantoprazole 40 mg proved significantly superior to ranitidine and placebo in preventing the development of mucosal damage and was significantly better than placebo in preventing gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer in arthritic patients on nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Clinical trials, postmarketing surveillance and long-term studies have confirmed that pantoprazole is effective and safe for the short- and long-term management of peptic ulcer and reflux disease, with side effects similar in incidence and type to those of H(2)RAs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Risk factors associated with renal insufficiency in horses with primary gastrointestinal disease: 26 cases (2000-2003).

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with renal insufficiency in colic- or colitis-affected horses with high serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations evaluated at a referral hospital. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 167 colic- or colitis-affected horses (88 represented a random sample [hospital population], and 79 had high SCr concentration at initial evaluation [study population]). PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed. Data collected included signalment; physical examination, clinicopathologic, and diagnostic findings; and outcome. The study population was categorized on the basis of whether SCr concentration did (AR group; n = 53) or did not (PA group; 26) normalize within 72 hours of fluid therapy. Characteristics of the study and hospital populations were compared. RESULTS: Males and Quarter Horses were significantly overrepresented in the study population. Compared with the hospital population, study-population horses were significantly more likely to have colitis, gastric reflux, and diarrhea at initial evaluation. Initial mean SCr concentration in the PA group was significantly higher than the AR group; identification of gastric reflux, abnormal rectal examination findings, and hypochloremia were significantly associated with persistent azotemia after 72 hours of fluid therapy. Compared with the AR group, PA group horses were 3 times as likely to die or be euthanized. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In colic- or colitis-affected horses, factors associated with renal insufficiency included gastric reflux, abnormal rectal examination findings, or hypochloremia initially; prognosis for horses in which azotemia resolves within 72 hours of treatment appears to be better than for horses with persistent azotemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Yersiniosis as a gastrointestinal disease.

Anti-yersinia antibodies were assessed in sera from 630 patients admitted to a department of surgery for acute abdominal disease, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In 21 patients a high concentration of yersinia antibodies confirmed recent yersinia infection. Eight patients had an appendicectomy performed; in all patients with antibodies against Y. enterocolitica 9 or Y. pseudotuberculosis IA a true appendicitis was found at operation. Two patients with Y. enterocolitica 3 antibodies had acute terminal ileitis and mesenterial lymphadenitis. In 4 patients a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was established; 2 of these had cholecystitis. Two further patients had cholecystitis without pancreatic affection. Two patients had colonic diverticulitis, 1 with perforation. The results demonstrate that yersinia infection may commonly give rise to a variety of acute abdominal inflammations, and stress the importance of serological and bacteriological diagnostic procedures.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Methotrexate in therapy of gastrointestinal diseases].

This review is not only a comprehensive synopsis of the published data on methotrexate treatment for inflammatory bowel disease and primary biliary cirrhosis but gives also an overview about acting mechanisms, pharmacologic properties and limiting toxicities of low-dose methotrexate. Methotrexate and its polyglutamate analogues are structurally related to folic acid and inhibit many enzymes in the metabolic pathway of folic acid. Long-term low-dose methotrexate treatment (7.5-25 mg) inhibits production of thymidylate, purines, and methionine and leads to intracellulary accumulation of adenosin. These actions lead to inhibition of cellular proliferation, decreased formation of antibodies and reduced productions of inflammatory medicators. Several trials have demonstrated the efficacy of low-dose methotrexate therapy for certain indications as a promising new agent in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and primary biliary cirrhosis. However, several serious toxicities potentially limit its use.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗