Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Formaldehyde”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Embryotoxic effects of industrial environment pollutants: formaldehyde and gasoline].

Prenatal and postnatal effects of formaldehyde and gasoline were studied. Delay of skeleton development and other prenatal negative effects at levels 0.5 mg/m3 for formaldehyde and 300 mg/m3 for gasoline were noted. Slow-down of motor reflexes and physical development in postnatal time were demonstrated. Embryotoxic tests of environmental pollutants offered to do both as in prenatal so as postnatal periods.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1991

Formaldehyde--induced bronchial asthma--does it really exist?

These studies try to explain if there is a correlation between exposure to formaldehyde (FM) and bronchospastic reactions. 367 workers were examined in our study. They were aged 23 to 52. They had been exposed occupationally to FM at concentration not exceeding 0.5 mg/m3. All subjects suffered from respiratory symptoms; 14 had chronic bronchitis, 2 bronchial asthma. A history was taken and spirometry performed (peak expiratory flow (PEF)) with use of a single blind crossover method, in a three-day clinical observation. All subjects were provoked with histamine (PC20). Skin prick tests with common allergens, a patch test with FM and formaldehyde-specific IgE antibodies assay were performed. There were no significant differences in the respiratory parameters during the three-day clinical observation. Two subjects were supposed to have bronchial asthma induced by FM, but for lack of differences in respiratory parameters the occupational background of their asthma was excluded. None of the subjects complained of significant irritant symptoms. On the basis of our results one may doubt that FM is capable of acting as a respiratory sensitizer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The use of melamine-formaldehyde latex in the automated analysis of immunocompetent cells].

The optimization of the loading of monodispersed melamine-formaldehyde latex with fluorochrome has permitted its use as indicator material, equally suitable both for the visual evaluation of the reaction of phagocytosis and for the automated evaluation of this reaction by means of a scanning fluorescent microscope. The study has shown the possibility of using fluorescent melamine formaldehyde latex for the evaluation of the phagocytosis of mouse peritoneal macrophages and human blood cells, as well as the analysis of the surface receptors of immunocompetent cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of a formaldehyde-tyrothricin combination placed in periodontal pockets in association with scaling and root planing].

A solution of formaldehyde and tyrothricin was placed in periodontal pockets of 14 patients. One maxillary quadrant was used as the experimental side, while the contralateral quadrant was employed as the control. A placebo solution was placed in the pockets of the control side. Both the experimental and control sides were treated on days -3, 0, +4, +7, +11 and +14. Scaling and root planing was accomplished on day 0. Plaque and gingival indices, and gingival fluid volume were recorded on all of the treatment days, as well as on day +28. Pocket depths were noted on days -3, 0, +14 and +28. Improvements were noted in all parameters measured on both the experimental and control sides, although statistical analyses revealed that plaque and gingival indices were slightly better in the experimental side. The author concludes that placing a Formaldehyde-Tyrothricin solution in periodontal pockets offers some therapeutic gain over scaling and root planing alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Common and uncommon reactions to formaldehyde-containing nail hardeners.

A spectrum of reactions to free formaldehyde containing nail hardeners is presented. These include inflammatory and noninflammatory onycholysis, paronychia, chromonychia, nail plate shedding, and pterygium inversum unguis as well as satellite reactions on the skin and mucous membranes. Primary irritants are more common than allergic reactions. Nail cosmetic products containing free formaldehyde are available to the consumer, but federal guidelines dictate their labeling, acceptable concentration, and usage.

Formaldehyde↗
PubMed1990

Hygienic aspects of the use of pressed-wood products in residential buildings. Part II. The effect of environmental conditions (temperature and relative humidity) on formaldehyde emission from particleboards.

The effect of air temperature (25-45 degrees C) and relative humidity (45-85%) upon formaldehyde emission from particleboards produced in three different plants was examined. The plates measuring 40 mm x 100 mm were kept in the climatic chamber in dynamic conditions (1 air exchange per hour) loading factor 1 m2/m3. Air samples from the chamber were collected for 4 subsequent days. A considerable effect of temperature and relative humidity upon the increase of formaldehyde emission was found, especially at simultaneous action of these two factors. The effect of temperature "shock" was determined after a rapid elevation of the chamber temperature from 25 degrees up to 40 degrees C. Several days after the steady state had been established, the temperature was lowered again to 25 degrees C. The temperature "shock" did not change the stable emission rate of CH2O from materials tested.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of elastin from the wall of human large arteries during treatment with formaldehyde].

Biochemical studies of elastin from human large arteries wall were carried out using both native and treated with formaldehyde protein. No differences were observed in sensitivity of native and formaldehyde treated elastin to the effect of various proteases and to alkaline-alcohol hydrolysis. Fractions obtained after enzymatic and alkaline hydrolysis were similar in their composition.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pink spots of Hedley-Whyte in formaldehyde-fixed brains. The subject revisited.

In an article published in 1985, Hedley-Whyte described "pink spots," which she observed in gross sections of human brains fixed in formaldehyde solution. Hedley-White found that the spots in question were associated with the presence of bacteria within central nervous system blood vessels. We have recently encountered three cases of Hedley-Whyte-type pink spots during routine postmortem brain examination. In two of these cases, the patient's clinical history included a bacterial infection, which could account for the deposition of bacteria within the central nervous system blood vessels. In the third case, the patient had no clinical history of bacterial infection, and had a negative postmortem blood culture. On microscopic examination, all three cases showed central nervous system intravascular presence of bacteria within the macroscopically recognized pink spots. To test the hypothesis that pink spots result from bacterial fermentation products, at the time of postmortem removal of brains (different from the brains mentioned above), we perfused blood vessels in three brains with 100% ethanol. Subsequent macroscopic examination after fixation in formaldehyde revealed discoloration similar to the Hedley-Whyte spots.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative microfluorimetry of formaldehyde induced fluorescence of dopamine in the caudate nucleus.

Quantitative microfluorimetric studies were carried out on the formaldehyde induced fluorescence of dopamine in nerve terminals of the nuc. caudatus putamen using the technique of Falck and Hillarp. After tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition produced by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (H 44/68) a time-dependent disappearance of the dopamine fluorescence occurred in an exponential manner, T1/22.6 hr. Apomorphine treatment resulted in a considerable counteraction of the H 44/68 induced reduction of the fluorescence, whereas treatment with haloperidol potentiated it. Administration of gamma-hydroxybutyrolactone led to a marked increase of the dopamine fluorescene. The present microfluorimetric results were in perfect agreement with chemical-analytical determinations of dopamine carried out under identical experimental conditions, and with those reported previously. The fluorescence intensities obtained in the nuc. caudatus putamen were found to be in the linear part of the dopamine fluorescence concentration relationship as observed in protein models. It may be concluded that by using microfluorimetric quantitation of the formaldehyde induced fluorescence in the nuc. caudatus putamen it is possible to obtain a reliable quantitation of the relative amount of dopamine in the dopamine nerve terminals.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Binding of serum proteins to polymer gels. II. Binding mechanism to polyoxyphenol-formaldehyde gels.

The binding mechanism of proteins to an amorphous polymer gel [formaldehyde-hydroquinone (FA-HQ)], which is a product of addition condensation of hydroquinone with formaldehyde, is examined. Proteins such as serum albumin and gamma-globulin bound to the FA-HQ gel rapidly and irreversibly (without elution by acid, alkali, urea, or detergent solution). The binding of a modified bovine albumin to the FA-HQ gel showed that the blocking of the amino groups in the albumin molecule decreased the amount of protein bound to the gel. Amino acids bound to the FA-HQ gel to a larger extent at alkaline than at neutral pH. These results supported the essential role of the amino groups in binding to the FA-HQ gel. Using the FA-HQ gel-packed glass column or polymer tube, rapid and complete removal of proteins from serum could be carried out, which suggests the usefulness of the gel for the easy pretreatment of biological samples for clinical assays using immobilized enzyme columns.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

[Disorders of formaldehyde metabolism and its metabolic precursors in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid were studied in 90 patients with multiple sclerosis. Patients showed substantially elevated levels of formaldehyde and N-methyl amino acids as related to control subjects. These metabolites' concentration was also higher in those patients with prevailing cerebellar signs and progressive course of the disease or in exacerbations of remission course compared with the cases of prevailing pyramidal structures involvement and benign course with long-lasting remissions. Glycine administration resulted in reduced blood levels of formaldehyde. Its role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Formaldehyde. Council on Scientific Affairs.

In response to Resolution 195 (A-87), the medical literature on the adverse health effects of formaldehyde was reviewed, and the potential cancer risk to anatomists and other related health professionals from exposure to the chemical is described. Though the evidence in humans is limited and controversial, both the Environmental Protection Agency and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, in their consideration of available epidemiologic and toxicological studies, now regard formaldehyde as a possible human carcinogen and will regulate it accordingly.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1989

Formaldehyde. AMA Council on Scientific Affairs.

In response to Resolution 195 (A-87), the medical literature on the adverse health effects of formaldehyde was reviewed, and the potential cancer risk to anatomists and other related health professionals from exposure to the chemical is described. Though the evidence in humans is limited and controversial, both the Environmental Protection Agency and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, in their consideration of available epidemiologic and toxicological studies, now regard formaldehyde as a possible human carcinogen and will regulate it accordingly.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1989

Buffered phenol formaldehyde (pH 7.0 and pH 5.5): improved fixation in an enclosed tissue processor.

The addition of 2% phenol has a marked adjuvant effect on 4% formaldehyde as a fixative. Sequential use of phenol formaldehyde buffered to pH 7.0 and pH 5.5 results in improved fixation in material rapidly advanced to paraffin in an enclosed tissue processor. Sections stained with alum haematoxylin and eosin show improved nuclear and cytoplasmic detail, reduced tissue shrinkage and an absence of formalin pigment. Excellent results are obtained with conventional special stains and immunoperoxidase methods.

Fixatives↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Allergic contact eczema caused by an acetone-formaldehyde condensate in billboard workers].

We report two cases of occupational contact dermatitis in billboard workers due to employment of a new paste additive. Clinical picture, patch test result, histological pattern of the test reaction and course of the disease indicate that the observed eczema are manifestations of contact allergy and do not represent irritant-toxic dermatitis. The glue is a hydrous solution of a heterogeneous mixture of condensation products of acetone and formaldehyde with a small part of free acetone and formaldehyde. Exact determination of the allergen and identification of the substance group failed. The allergen seems to be a strong sensitizer.

Acetone↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of a membrane-associated receptor from rat sinusoidal liver cells that binds formaldehyde-treated serum albumin.

When treated with formaldehyde, serum albumin is known to be taken up and degraded by sinusoidal liver cells via adsorptive endocytosis. The present study aimed at characterization and identification of the membrane-associated receptor on rat sinusoidal liver cells. Kinetic studies of binding of 125I-labeled formaldehyde-treated serum albumin (125I-f-Alb) with the membranes of sinusoidal liver cells demonstrated the presence of specific, high-affinity, saturable membrane-bound receptors with an apparent Kd = 8 micrograms of f-Alb/ml and the optimal pH at around 8.0. The 125I-f-Alb binding to the membranes was not inhibited by either native albumin, asialofetuin, methylamine-treated alpha 2-macroglobulin, mannan, or immune complexes. The binding process exhibited independence of calcium and susceptibility both to heat treatment and to destruction by proteases. The binding was inhibited by concanavalin A and the inhibition was effectively reversed by the presence of alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, a haptenic inhibitor for this lectin, indicating the glycoprotein nature of the receptor. The binding protein was extracted from the membrane preparations with octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside and immunoprecipitated by anti-ligand antibody as a complex with the ligand. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis of the immunoprecipitate revealed two polypeptide chains with molecular weights of approximately 53,000 and 30,000, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Combined perfusion and percolation of embalmed animal bodies for removing formaldehyde.

Excess formaldehyde was extracted from embalmed animal cadavers by vascular perfusion or combined perfusion and percolation with 20% ethanol. The perfusion was undertaken through a carotid artery and the percolation through the serous body cavities for 1-2 h. Nineteen goats were perfused once and one goat and three cows were perfused and percolated twice a day for 3 days. The extracted cadavers were stored in 20% ethanol or in a freezer at -20 degrees C. The mean value of the atmospheric concentration of formaldehyde after extraction was 0.27 +/- 0.05 mg/m3 for goats and 0.39 +/- 0.12 mg/m3 for cows.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of respiratory effects following exposure to 2.0 ppm formaldehyde in asthmatics: lung function, symptoms, and airway reactivity.

Fifteen asthmatic volunteers were exposed in a double-blind, random manner to room air and 2.0 ppm formaldehyde for 40 min in an environmental chamber. These exposures were repeated on a separate day during moderate exercise (450 kpm/min) for 10 min. Ambient and dew point temperatures were 23.0 +/- 0.0 degrees C and 11.5 +/- 1.0 degrees C, respectively. No significant airway obstruction as measured by flow-volume parameters and airway resistance was noted in this group during or immediately after exposure. Furthermore, sequential measurements of peak flow for 24 hr following formaldehyde exposure revealed no delayed airway response. In contrast, in comparison to the baseline methacholine inhalation challenge (MIC) test on the screening day, 8 of 12 asthmatics demonstrated a lower threshold to MIC following 2.0 ppm exposure for 40 min; however, the mean and median decrements of threshold in methacholine concentration of 10.4 mg/ml and 24.3 mg/ml were not significant (p = .12). Bad odor, sore throat, and eye irritation were common during exposure but symptoms were infrequent afterward.

Adult↗