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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Complementary expression of AP-2 and AP-2rep in ectodermal derivatives of Xenopus embryos.

In an attempt to define the pattern of developmental expression of AP-2rep and AP-2 in Xenopus embryos, we cloned a Xenopus AP-2rep cDNA. The AP-2rep message was localized in the organizer region at the gastrula stage whereas AP-2 was expressed ventro-laterally in the animal hemisphere. Later, AP-2rep was expressed in the entire neural tissue at the neurula stage while AP-2 was predominantly expressed in the cranial neural crest areas. The endogenous expression of AP-2 in the neural crest area was diminished by ectopic injection of AP-2rep RNA, suggesting a role for AP-2rep in the differentiation of neural tissues by restricting the expression of AP-2 in the Xenopus embryo.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Retinoic acid disrupts anterior ectodermal and endodermal development in ascidian larvae and postlarvae.

In vertebrates, excess all-trans retinoic acid (RA) applied during axis formation leads to the apparent truncation of anterior structures. In this study we sought to determine the type of defects caused by ectopic RA on the development of the ascidian Herdmania curvata. We demonstrate that H. curvata embryos cultured in the presence of RA develop into larvae whose trunks are shortened and superficially resemble those of early metamorphosing postlarvae. Despite RA-treated larvae lacking papillar structures they respond normally to natural cues that induce metamorphosis, indicating that chemosensory functionality previously mapped to the most anterior region of normal larvae is unaffected by RA. Excess RA applied during postlarval development leads to a graded loss of the juvenile pharynx, apparently by respecifying anterior endoderm to a more posterior fate. This structure is considered homologous to the gill slits of amphioxus, which are also lost upon RA treatment. This suggests that RA may have had a role in the development of the pharynx of the ancestral chordate and that this function has been maintained in ascidians and cephalochordates and lost in vertebrates.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and lentiginosis: a little known neural ectodermal syndrome.

Eleven patients, 10 male, with classic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and lentiginosis are described. Physical examination showed differences from the few previously reported cases in that (1) this condition was not confined to children; (2) mental retardation, sensorineural deafness and gonadal and somatic infantilism were either rare or absent; and (3) detailed family studies provided no evidence that this condition was inherited. Nine patients underwent cardiac catheterization and left ventricular angiography; all had left ventricular outflow obstruction and three had concomitant right ventricular outflow obstruction with a pressure gradient in excess of 100 mm Hg. Ten of the 11 patients were severely symptomatic, and 7, each with a left ventricular pressure gradient of more than 70 mm Hg, underwent successful septal myotomy/myectomy that resulted in marked symptomatic improvement that was maintained after long-term follow-up.

Adolescent↗