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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Ecological and toxicological experiments with test guppies and Daphnia in research on the effect of pesticides in water].

Experiments have been carried out for the assessment of the toxic effect if some pesticides on aquatic organisms--fish groups Lebistes reticulatus and lower crustacea Daphnia magna. The following pesticides (herbicides) were studied--afalon, dimid, Lasso, patoran, propanide and Ramrod. Ramrod proved to have the highest toxicity, followed by propanide, Lasso and afalon. Dimid and patoran proved to have lower toxicity. Daphnia were established to be 10-17 times more susceptible than the fish groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Unilateral change in color produced by ablation of the eyestalk of the crustacean Processa edulis (Decapoda, Natantia)].

A difference of expansion of erythrophores is observed between the left and right side of P. edulis after the removal of only one Eyestalk. It is the first time, in the Crustacea, that experiments lead to the conclusion that a sympathetic-like constrictor nervous action can exist in colour-change control; colour changes are particularly fast in this species.

Animals↗
PubMed1965

Molluscicidal properties and selective toxicity of surface-active agents.

Of over 100 commercially produced surface-active agents tested against the bilharziasis vector snail Biomphalaria sudanica, 13 were found to possess considerable and highly selective molluscicidal properties at concentrations of less than 1 ppm for exposures of 48 hours. Against crustacea, fish, water plants, mosquito larvae, mice, and the eggs of B. sudanica, the toxicities of the 13 surfactants were slight. The chemicals did not appear to be absorbed by organic matter to any appreciable extent. It is thought that the toxicity to B. sudanica is of both a chemical and a physical nature.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of trisporic acids on the composition of components of the cell wall in Blakeslea trispora Thaxter].

The cell wall of Blakeslea trispora was found to contain chitin similar to crustaceaous chitin in physico-chemical properties; this was confirmed by the data of IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Trisporic acids, hormonal regulators of reproduction, hardly affected the content of chitin, xylan, and other polysaccharides of the cell wall of Blakeslea trispora, but increased the content of protein.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1984

cis-Canthaxanthins. Unusual carotenoids in the eggs and the reproductive system of female brine shrimp artemia.

The significance of carotenoid accumulation in crustacean eggs remains obscure, particularly because neither eggs nor female animals have been found to display specific pigment patterns in relation to reproduction. We report here the first example of carotenoids found exclusively in the ovaries, the eggs, and the hemolymph, but not in the carcass of a female, reproductively active crustacean, i.e. the brine shrimp Artemia. These pigments are virtually absent in males and in immature animals and disappear very rapidly in growing nauplii following hatching of encysted embryos. Within the cysts, they are preferably localized in the yolk platelets. We have identified them as mono-cis- canthaxanthins on the basis of their mass and absorption spectra and by comparison with synthetic components. Carotenoids with the unusual cis-configuration have never been isolated from animals, nor are there reports on the occurrence of carotenoid pigments at specific sites. Our findings may thus provide a clue to a precise function for carotenoids in Artemia and, possibly, related Crustacea.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Acute toxicity of two phenylcarbamates: propham and chloropropham].

The bibliographic data dealing with the acute toxicity of two phenylcarbamates, propham and chloropropham, are not very precise an often contradictory. This work is a restatement and also a demonstration of the high sensitivity of the aquatic animals that we have tested (Amphibia and Crustacea) in comparison with the Mammals (rat and mouse).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Interest of some biological criteria in studying daphnids contaminated by cadmium nitrate (author's transl)].

Three biological criteria were studied on daphnids after 28 days of contamination with three different concentrations of cadmium (5, 10, 15 micrograms/l), such as mortality, dry weight and reproduction rate relative to general metabolic state of the crustacea. The value of Cl50-28 exceed 15 micrograms/l for dry weight and mortality determinations, on the other hand it is only 10 micrograms/l for reproduction rate. The latter appears as the most sensible criteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Biosynthesis and physiological role of homarine in marine shrimp.

Glycine, which contributes 2 carbon atoms and the nitrogen for the biosynthesis of homarine by homogenates of shrimp muscle, reacts metabolically with succinyl coenzyme A to form N-succinylglycine. The latter product is effectively converted by such homogenates to homarine, and it is concluded that N-succinylglycine is on the main pathway of this biosynthetic series of reactions and provides all of the required atoms in homarine, except for the N-methyl carbon. A possible pathway for the complete biosynthesis of homarine is described. Evidence is presented that homarine acts as a transmethylating agent in shrimp muscle homogenates and is capable of transferring its N-methyl group to form mono-, di-, and trimethylamines, trimethylamine oxide, choline, and betaine. In this process, homarine loses its methyl groups to form picolinic acid, and, conversely, picolinic acid can be methylated to yield homarine. It is speculated that homarine is not only a "methyl" donor but may serve as a reservoir of methyl groups in crustacea.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of Aeromonas from seafoods in Taipei.

A total of 124 fresh seafoods and 158 processed seafoods collected from the retail markets and supermarkets in Taipei were tested for the contamination with motile Aeromonas spp. Of the fresh seafoods analyzed, 88% displayed the presence of Aeromonas. The isolation rates of various samples were as follows: 100%, freshwater fish; 95%, seawater fish; 78%, fish fillets; 84%, shrimp and crab of the crustacea group; 83%, bivalve shellfish and 84%, non-bivalve shellfish of the mollusca group, and 100%, seaweed. Of the 158 processed seafoods, 11% were contaminated by Aeromonas. The isolation rates were as follows: 0%, canned, dried, or frozen fresh seafood; 18%, salted seafood; 30%, fish cake; 7% vacuum-packaged fish cakes; 14%, frozen seafood dumplings; 8%, cooked seafoods. One hundred and eighty-three Aeromonas strains isolated in this survey were characterized to species level and tested for their ability to produce beta-hemolysin. Ninety-eight percent (98%) of the A. hydrophila produced beta-hemolysin on 5% blood agar, 94% of the A. sobria and 33% of the A. caviae produced beta-hemolysin. Thus it is likely that fresh seafoods are potentially significant sources of the virulent Aeromonas species and may play an important role in the epidemiology of Aeromonas-associated gastroenteritis.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1996

Partial sequence of the shrimp Penaeus notialis mitochondrial genome.

About half of the mitochondrial DNA of the shrimp Penaeus notialis (Crustacea: Decapoda) has been cloned (in 2 overlapping fragments of 7.9 kb and 1 kb) and partially sequenced. The gene content and arrangement are identical to that of the homologous domain in Drosophila yakuba. Intergenic nucleotides are scarce and a 982 bp non-coding sequence exhibit features similar to that of mtDNA control regions. The gene organization and the tRNA structures differentiate the Penaeus notialis mitochondrial genome from that of Artemia franciscana. Paraphyletism of crustacean mtDNA with respect to Insecta is discussed. A secondary structure of s-rRNA is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Important cross-reactive allergens].

Food allergy in adults is mainly due to cross-reactivity between inhalative and food allergens. IgE antibodies are induced against aero-allergens, which recognize a structurally similar component in certain foods. Not all patients with such food allergies have clinical symptoms of pollinosis, although a sensitization to the inducing aero-allergens is always found. Dependent on the main allergen, namely Bet v 1 or Bet v 2, different symptoms can be observed. Bet v 1 mainly causes mild symptoms localized around the area of the oropharynx (oral allergy syndrome). It is mainly caused by apples, cherries, peaches and plums, but can also be observed with other allergens which cause generalized symptoms. Sensitization to Bet v 2 is commonly associated with more generalized symptoms, in particular urticaria and angioedema (mugwort/celery syndrome). Recently, new cross-reactivities have been detected based on latex sensitivity or housedust mite sensitivity. Latex allergy can cause food allergy to avocado, banana and chestnut, housedust mite allergens to crustacea and snails. Knowledge of these cross-reactivities is important for the clinician, since the majority of food allergies are caused by such cross-reactive IgE-antibodies. Further characterization of these allergens may open up ways of inducing tolerance to these substances.

Allergens↗