PubMed2004
As part of the Lipid Research Clinics (LRC) Program Prevalence Study of coronary heart disease risk factors, nutrient intakes of two US populations over 59 years of age were determined by 24-hour recalls in the 1970s. Characteristics of the populations were (1) California: suburban, upper-middle class, 95% high school graduates, 10% blue collar occupations; (2) Oklahoma: rural lower-middle class, 75% high school graduates, and 40% blue-collar occupations. Macronutrients consumed by both populations were similar, except for alcohol. For both men and women, energy intake was approximately 25 kcal/kg/day (body weight) sources of energy were approximately 40% from carbohydrate, 16% from protein, 37% from fat, and 4% from alcohol. The Oklahoma population, however, consumed significantly less alcohol than did Californians. Percentages of calories from fatty acids were approximately 14% from saturated and 6% from polyunsaturated, which yielded a polyunsaturated: saturated ratio of 0.48. The intake of cholesterol for women was 190 mg/1000 kcal and for men, 210 mg/1000 kcal. Between the ages of 60 and 69, the Oklahoma men consumed more energy than did the California men. Both sexes demonstrated lower energy intakes with advancing age and with increasing body mass index. The higher energy intake of the Oklahoma cohort aged 60-69 was attributed to the greater physical demands of their occupations, but this difference disappeared after age 70. The California and Oklahoma women had similar caloric intakes beyond age 60. In summary, the LRC findings suggest that geographically diverse American populations consumed in the late 1970s remarkably similar intakes of macronutients and cholesterol, with the only major exception being energy from alcoholic beverages.