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PubMed1976

Transformation of epithelioma adenoides cysticum into multiple rodent ulcers: fact or fallacy. A historical vignette.

This historical study has examined the persistent controversy about the propensity of epithelioma adenoides cysticum (EAC) to transform into multiple rodent ulcers, by reviewing cases reported through the years that seemed to support the idea. After focusing on the biological behaviour and natural history of the tumours and comparing them with our present knowledge of the behaviour of EAC, we believe that these cases were incorrectly diagnosed. Rather than EAC, they were probably examples of the naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. The latter syndrome was actually established by the recognition that patients who have multiple rodent ulcers that appear early in life and behave aggressively usually have a constellation of associated developmental defects and that the tumours sould be classified as genetically determined basal cell carcinomas and not as EAC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The altered expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in basal cell epithelioma and its surrounding stroma: with special reference to proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and adenoid differentiation.

Altered expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) is known to indicate the morphological, tumorigenic and immunological changes occurring in tumour and stromal cells. The purpose of this study was to analyse the dynamics of alpha-SMA expression in human basal cell epithelioma (BCE) cells and their surrounding stromal cells, in the process of differentiation towards cutaneous appendages such as hair, sebaceous, apocrine and eccrine glands. Using anti-alpha-SMA specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), 17 of 36 BCEs (47%) were shown to express alpha-SMA, despite the usual absence of alpha-SMA in all eukaryotic cells except muscle cells. Solid, adenoid and sclerosing types of BCE expressed alpha-SMA more frequently, and in greater amount, than cystic, keratotic and superficial types. Furthermore, the expression of alpha-SMA in BCE cells significantly paralleled the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in these cells. Thus, the altered expression of alpha-SMA may reflect the growing properties of BCE cells under the specific cellular regulations for differentiation. In addition, we have found anti-alpha-SMA MAb-positive fibroblasts with smooth muscle differentiation (myofibroblasts) in desmoplastic stroma surrounding BCE nests in 13 of 36 cases (36%). Coincidental expression of alpha-SMA in both BCE cells and stromal cells was found in nine of the 13 cases (69%), indicating the possibility of the induction of myofibroblastic stromal changes in surrounding tissues by cytokines secreted from BCE cells [e.g. basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-like factor].

Actins↗
PubMed2006

Primary adenoid squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

Adenoid squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is an uncommon but well-recognized variant of squamous cell carcinoma that was first described by Lever in 1947. ASCC has been reported to originate in the sun-exposed skin of the head and neck and in other sites. An additional case of ASCC is reported here. The patient was a 64-year-old Japanese woman who requested examination of a reddish lesion on the left floor of the mouth. The biopsy material was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical examination showed a well-circumscribed, 20 x 10 mm-sized lesion, which was categorized as cT2cN0cm 0. Tumor resection was therefore performed. Histologically, most parts of the lesion were conventional squamous cell carcinoma in situ, but the invasive part consisted of ASCC with gland-like or reticular appearance. The latter part was negative for mucin staining. Immunohistochemically, this lesion was positive for pancytokeratin, high-molecular-weight keratin, cytokeratin (CK) 7/8, CK19, E-cadherin and p53, but negative for vimentin, CK20, and S-100 protein. The Ki-67 labeling index was 50.3% in the ASCC part and 34.5% in the carcinoma in situ part. These findings and a review of the literature indicate that a gland-like feature of ASCC is associated with the loss of cell adhesion in the center of the cancer nests, and it can be confirmed simply by mucin staining to be neither an adenosquamous carcinoma nor ductal involvement of conventional squamous cell carcinoma.

Cadherins↗
PubMed1989

Adenoid (acantholytic) squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.

Cutaneous adenoid squamous carcinoma (ASCC) is a distinctive neoplasm featuring tumor cell acantholysis. Because this lesion occasionally may prove troublesome diagnostically, we studied the clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of 55 examples in order to further elucidate its characteristics. ASCC most often occurred in the skin of the head and neck in elderly patients. Of 49 patients in this series, 46 were men and 3 were women; their ages at diagnosis ranged from 25 to 90 yr, with a mean of 71. Six individuals had 2 metachronous neoplasms. ASCC generally behaved in an indolent manner, although 19% of cases did metastasize widely and prove fatal. Tumor size of greater than 1.5 cm appeared to correlate with the risk of an adverse clinical outcome. In addition, 10 patients with ASCC of the skin subsequently developed visceral malignancies. The cutaneous neoplasms were typified by invasive, tubular or pseudoglandular profiles of polygonal cells in the dermis, with glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm and focal squamous pearl formation. Connections to the overlying epidermis were commonly apparent. Immunohistochemically, ASCC demonstrated uniform reactivity for cytokeratin, but lacked markers of specialized glandular cells. These findings militate against the interpretation that such tumors demonstrate partial adnexal differentiation, and show that immunohistology may prove helpful in the differential diagnosis between ASCC and primary or metastatic adenocarcinomas of the skin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenoid-tonsillectomy to treat visual dysfunction in a child with craniosynostosis.

We report a child with isolated saggital synostosis where a gradual deterioration of the P100 component of the pattern reversal visual evoked potential recorded during the day was associated with episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep that correlated with periods of ICP spiking. Adenoid-tonsillectomy reversed this deterioration with coincident increase in SaO2 and decreased sleep apnoea.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed2004

Tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma masquerading asthma: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Tracheal tumors are often misdiagnosed as asthma and are treated with inhaled steroids and bronchodilators without resolution. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, a patient with tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma who had been previously diagnosed with difficult asthma was reported. The possibility of the presence of localized airway obstruction was raised when the flow-volume curve suggesting fixed airway obstruction, was obtained. CONCLUSION: The presenting case report emphasizes the fact that not all wheezes are asthma. It is critical to bear in mind that if a patient does not respond to appropriate anti-asthma therapy, localized obstructions should be ruled out before establishing the diagnosis of asthma.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: case report and review of the literature.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare neoplasm accounting for 0.1% of all breast carcinomas, and presenting most commonly as a painful breast mass. In contrast to the aggressive nature of ACC at other sites, ACC of the breast has a favorable prognosis, lymph node involvement or distant metastases seldom occur. Treatment is basically of simple mastectomy. Chemotherapy, radiation and hormonal treatment have been infrequently used and evaluated. We report a case of ACC of the breast managed with mastectomy and review the literature.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Overexpression of SCC antigen and cyclins in an adenoid squamous carcinoma cell line derived from the maxillary sinus.

Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) is produced by the two almost identical, tandemly arrayed genes, SCCA1 and SCCA2. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of increased expression of SCC-Ag in a cell line SCCMM derived from an aggressive adenoid SCC with high titer of SCC-Ag in the patient serum. The differential polymerase chain reaction using specific primers for SCCA1 and SCCA2 revealed no gene amplification in SCCMM. However, RT-PCR demonstrated that levels of SCCA1 and SCCA2 mRNAs in SCCMM were 80- and 120-fold higher than those in CaSki as a reference SCC cell, respectively. Western blot analysis showed that the levels of these two SCC-Ag proteins in SCCMM were 15-fold higher than those in CaSki, suggesting that expression of the SCC-Ag in SCCMM was controlled at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. To investigate highly malignant character of SCCMM, expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins was investigated by Western blotting. Cyclin E and cyclin B1 were expressed at approximately 100-fold higher levels in SCCMM than in CaSki, but Cip/Kip cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) were expressed at low levels and p16 and p19 ink4 CDKIs were not detected. These results suggest that the aggressive growth of SCCMM is due, at least in part, to large increases in cyclin E and cyclin B1 expression with low levels of CDKIs.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

["Adenoid" glioblastoma].

A surgical case of glioblastoma which showed a pronounced "adenoid" (or "epithelioid") appearance was reported. The patient was an 81-year-old woman, who presented with unsteady gait. Neuroradiological examination revealed three discrete mass lesions located in the 1-frontal, 1-parieto-occipital, and r-occipito-temporal lobes. Despite the subtotal removal of two of the three lesions and postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the patient died 21 months after the onset of illness. Histopathological examination of the resected tumors revealed typical features of glioblastoma in the peripheral region of the tumor. In the central region, the tumor cells were arranged in a papillary fashion or formed solid, sheet-like cell nests and were surrounded by fibrous connective tissue septa. Although the histopathological appearance of the tumor closely resembled metastasis of adenocarcinoma, the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of the tumor failed to detect evidence of a definite differentiation towards epithelial cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of submaxillary gland metastatic to great toe.

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submaxillary gland metastatic to the left great toe in a 52-year-old man is reported. The patient survived 10 months after diagnosis of the metastasis to the hallux. The well-documented cases of four other patients, two each with pulmonary and renal-cell carcinoma metastatic to the toe, are reviewed. Metastatic carcinoma to the toe as well as the finger typically mimics an inflammatory process. An osteolytic lesion of the phalanx of a toe or finger resembling an inflammatory process without a history of injury or infection should suggest the possibility of malignancy.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland with adenoid cystic carcinoma-like features: a case report with immunohistochemical study.

A 69-year-old japanese female with epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) in the parotid gland is reported. The tumor, 3.5 x 4.0 x 1.5 cm in size, was located in the left parotid gland. Histopathological examination of the surgically removed tumor revealed that it was composed of double-layered, tubule-like structures formed by inner eosinophilic ductal cells and outer clear cells, as well as solid clear cell nests. The unique histological finding of this tumor was that it had a cribriform-like arrangement of myoepithelial cells resembling an adenoid cystic carcinoma. On the other hand, the typical ductal and myoepithelial components of EMC showed the usual biphasic pattern and the expected immunophenotypes, with expression of low molecular weight cytokeratins, CAM 5.2 and EMA in the ductal part, and smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein, and vimentin in the myoepithelial component.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Expression and clinical significance of Fas-FasL of pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma in parotid gland].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the expression and clinical significance of Fas and FasL in cases of occurrence and development of pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) in parotid gland. METHODS: Using Immunohistochemistry techniques and quantitative analysis under computerized system, we investigated Fas-FasL expression in 21 cases of normal parotid gland, 35 cases of pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland and 32 cases of ACC in parotid gland. RESULTS: All cases of ACC of parotid gland showed Fas and FasL negative expression, no correlation was found between the expression of Fas-FasL and the histological type and the pathological grades of ACC. Although both normal parotid gland and pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland had distinct expression of Fas and FasL, the positive expression of Fas FasL in pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland cases were both significantly lowered (P<0.01) than that in normal parotid gland. CONCLUSION: Expression of Fas-FasL and Fas FasL mediated cell apoptosis disturbance had significant correlations with the occurrence and malignant development of pleomorphic adenoma and ACC in parotid gland.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2001

[Experimental study of the effect of TNP-470 on human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of TNP-470 on human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC M in vitro. METHODS: Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assays and dye exclusion counting. Morphological changes of apoptosis were observed with fluorescent microscope. DNA ladder, apoptosis rate and cell cycle were examined by DNA agarose gel electronphores and fluorescence flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. RESULTS: The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of TNP-470 on ACC-M cells proliferation by MTT assays and dye exclusion counting were 40.68microg/ml and 46.38microg/ml. Apoptosis were observed by fluorescent microscope. DNA electrophoresis for the cells treated with TNP-470 showed brighter DNA ladder; Sub-G1 peak and G2/M arrest were also determined by FCM (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: TNP-470 has the effect of inducing apoptosis in ACC-M cells in vitro, which may be one of its antitumor mechanisms.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

[The expression of CD44s and CD44v6 in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma ]

OBJECTIVE:The present study was to investigate the expression of CD44s and CD44v6 in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and to discuss the relationship between the expression of the proteins and the biological characteristic of ACC.METHODS:Formalin fixed,paraffin embedded sections in 10 cases of normal salivary glands and 50 cases of human salivary ACC were examined using immunostaining for CD44s and CD44v6.RESULTS:(1)Positive signals of CD44s and CD44v6 were detected in all the specimens of normal salivary glands.Positive signals of CD44s and CD44v6 were detected in 29(58%) and 35(70%) of the 50 cases of ACC.(2)The expression of CD44s and CD44v6 in the solid pattern of ACC was significantly less than that in the cribriform and tubular pattern of ACC(P<0.05).(3)Positive CD44s staining was detected in 3(13.6%) of the 22 ACC primary sites which had a local recurrence after operation.CONCLUSION:(1)Adhesion molecules including CD44s and CD44v6 may contribute to maintain the normal structures in salivary gland tissues.(2)T he down-regulation or loss of CD44s expression was contributed to the recurrence of human salivary ACC and CD44s could be regarded as one of the factors to evaluate the prognosis of ACC patients.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[The expression of E-cadherin-catenin complex in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma]

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the E-cadherin-catenin(E-cad-cat) complex in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) and determine the effects of E-cad-cat expression on tumor differentiation,metastasis and invasion as well as their clinical significance. METHODS:The expression of adhesion molecules,which included E-cadherin,alpha-catenin and beta-catenin,in 10 cases of normal salivary glands,50 cases of human salivary ACC was investigated by immunohistochemistry.RESULT:Co-expression of E-cadherin,alpha-catenin and beta-catenin was detected in 29(58%) of the 50 ACC specimens.Positive staining of E-cad-cat complex was detected in 7(39%) of the 18 ACC primary sites which had aggressive phenotype of nerve and vasculature.CONCLUSION:Strong positive signals of E-cad-cat complex were showed in normal salivary glands,and the down regulation expression was observed in ACC cases,The expression of E-cad-cat complex was associated with a more aggressive phenotype on nerve and vasculature.No association with various histopathologic subtypes was found;Down-regulation of E-cad-cat complex may be associated with canceration of normal salivary glands.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[The expression of adhesion molecules in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line]

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the adhesion molecules in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) cell lines (ACC-2 line and ACC-M strain) which had different metastatic ability.METHODS:The expression of adhesion molecules,which included CD44s,CD44v6,E cadherin,alph-catenin and beta-catenin in two human salivary ACC cell lines and Scid mice neoplasm models was investigated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: (1)Positive staining of adhesion molecules in lung metastatic foci of ACC was higher than that in subcutaneous implanted tumor mass.(2)The growing of ACC-M was slower in the cells of abdominal cavity implanted tumor,and also the differentiation of the former was better than the latter.(3)Weaker Positive staining of CD44v6 in ACC cells in vitro was showed,however,no positive staining was detected in lung metastatic foci cells of ACC M and the cells of subcutaneous tumor.CONCLUSION: The expression of CD44s in ACC cells was influenced by cell differentiation,and may affect the growth conditions;The expression levels of E cad/cat was positively correlative to the differentiation of ACC tumor cells;No significant correlation was revealed between the expression of CD44v6 and metastatic ability of ACC.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

[Expression of c-erb B-2 concoprotein in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma]

OBJECTIVE:In order to analyze the correlation between immunohistochemical expressin for c-erb B-2 oncoprotein and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). METHODS: 25 cases of ACC and two ACC cell strain was studied immunohistochemically using a monoclone antibody against c-erb B-2 oncoprotein. RESULTS: No positive results were obtained in any cell strain,but the invasive breast cancer expressed strong positive. CONCLUSION: It demonstrated that c-erb B-2 expression can not be used as a predictive marker for prognosis of ACC.

Journal Article↗