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PubMed1992

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease--psycho-social issues and treatment goals.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the major chronic debilitating diseases frequently seen in hospital settings. The disease appears usually after the age of fifty and often predicts a shortened life span. The present paper is a review of the literature relating to the psychological aspects of this disease. The impact on psychosocial coping and adaptation will be discussed, specifically the effects on marital and sexual functioning and the quality of life of the patient. Psycho-social treatment goals useful to the COPD patient and his family will be raised and elaborated on.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological, sexual and cultural issues for patients with a stoma.

Patients undergoing stoma surgery will more readily adapt to their new body image and way of life if they receive professional and voluntary input from the ostomy agencies such as the British Colostomy Association, from the preoperative stage through to rehabilitation and their return to the community. Nursing has moved away from mechanistic, task-oriented care to holistic care and, apart from the physical changes that a stoma will cause, there are other areas to be considered to improve the patient's quality of life after surgery. Patients undergoing stoma surgery experience a profound threat to their sense of physical integrity and self-concept with the change of body image in relation to bodily functions. Sexuality is an integral part of the whole person and is a highly complex phenomenon. Many patients find it difficult to discuss their sexual feelings, especially after a body image change and the nurse should be able to help patients identify and adapt to alterations in sexual self-concept. Cultural background plays an important part in patients' lives, including their beliefs, whether personal or religious, their perceptions of recovery, behaviour and concepts of and attitude towards the disease process. Nurses must combine sound, general information with open, respectful questions to the patient or family and be committed to responding flexibly and constructively. This article describes some of the potential problems that may be faced by patients after stoma surgery and increased knowledge of these areas will allow nurses to improve patient care and satisfaction.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Use of subjective information in scientific psychology: VI. The inability to speak a foreign language experienced as a disability.

The author discusses his adaptation to language stress while living and working several months in a foreign country, specifically the ways in which the author coped with language stress; his thoughts and feelings about being unable to communicate verbally, and the insights he gained into the world of the disabled because he was unable to communicate.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

The relationship between life events and mental health in homosexual men.

In a study to determine the extent to which stigmatization influences mental health in homosexual men, 80 homosexual men were administered the General Health Questionnaire and the Gay Affect and Life Events Scale. Data indicated that there were significant associations between life events and mental health; events related to AIDS had the highest correlations. However, general life event scales that included Finances and Work also were associated significantly with mental health, as previously reported in the general population. These data suggest that the impact of life events may be amplified by stigmatization and that degree of life change is associated closely with psychological dysfunction. It is concluded that life events that are related to both stigmatization and life change and related emotional distress are significant predictors of psychology dysfunction.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

The Psychology Student Stress Questionnaire.

Stressors of graduate psychology training remain relatively unexplored. The Psychology Student Stress Questionnaire (PSSQ) was developed to assess the impact of emotional, financial, and academic stressors of graduate psychology training on students. The PSSQ was administered, along with the Symptom Check List-90-R and the Health and Daily Living Form, to 133 graduate psychology students. Significant though limited correlations were obtained between the PSSQ and the two stress measures. Factor analysis of the PSSQ yielded seven underlying factors; time constraints accounted for the greatest variance in stress ratings. Female students had higher stress scores than males. These results suggest that the PSSQ could be useful in exploring student stress in graduate psychology training.

Achievement↗
PubMed1992

Age differences in self-reported symptoms of psychological distress.

Some investigators have found higher levels of distress in late adulthood, but others have reported no differences between younger and older adults or even lower levels of distress in their older samples. In the present investigation, a sample of adults who had attended the same university and ranged in age from 22 to 86 were asked to complete the Brief Symptom Inventory. Subjects were divided into four age cohorts, and analyses were conducted to determine age-related differences in the reporting of symptomatology. Older adults were more likely than younger adults to report symptoms that reflected distress over physical ailments and memory problems, but young adults were more likely to report symptoms of a primarily psychological nature.

Adaptation, Psychological↗