Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Serial Extraction”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Occupational allergy to the common house fly. (Musca domestica): use of immunologic response to identify atmospheric allergen.

A 48-year-old scientific worker developed rhinitis that occurred when she entered the housefly (Musca domestica) rearing room where she worked. She was found to have specific IgE antibody to M. domestica in her serum by RAST. She was relocated at work and avoided further occupational exposure to M. domestica. The level of specific IgE decreased in serial samples but subsequently increased after her inadvertent reexposure at work. Extracts of fly-cage dust and of high volume atmospheric samples from the fly-rearing room inhibited the M. domestica RAST in a dose-dependent fashion. After logit transformation the lines of inhibition of the fly cage dust and of the atmospheric samples were parallel and steeper than the self-inhibition by M. domestica, implying the cage dust and atmospheric samples shared antigens not present in the M. domestica extract. This method of monitoring atmospheric antigen has considerable potential for evaluating the effectiveness of environmental change in the workplace.

Air↗
PubMed2004

Glucose-targeted niosomes deliver vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) to the brain.

The aim of this study was to evaluate glucose-bearing niosomes as a brain targeted delivery system for the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). To this end, VIP/125I-VIP-loaded glucose-bearing niosomes were intravenously injected to mice. Brain uptake was determined by measuring the radioactivity of 125I-labeled VIP using gamma-counting, after intravenous administration of VIP in solution or encapsulated in glucose-bearing niosomes or in control niosomes. VIP integrity was assessed by reversed-phase HPLC analysis of brain extracts. Distribution of 125I-VIP derived radioactivity was examined from serial brain slices. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of intact VIP in brain after administration of VIP-loaded niosomes, but not after administration of VIP solution. Encapsulation within glucose-bearing niosomes mainly allowed a significantly higher VIP brain uptake compared to control niosomes (up to 86%, 5min after treatment). Brain distribution of intact VIP after injection of glucose-bearing niosomes, indicated that radioactivity was preferentially located in the posterior and the anterior parts of the brain, whereas it was homogeneously distributed in the whole brain after the administration of control vesicles. In conclusion, this novel vesicular formulation of VIP delivers intact VIP to particular brain regions in mice. Glucose-bearing vesicles might be therefore a novel tool to deliver drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Short-term evaluation of the pulpo-dentin complex response to a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement and a bonding agent applied in deep cavities.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the response of the pulpo-dentin complex following application of a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement or an adhesive system in deep cavities performed in human teeth. METHODS: Deep class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of 26 premolars. In Group 1 the cavity walls (dentin) and enamel were conditioned with 32% phosphoric acid and the dentin adhesive system One Step (Bisco, Inc., Itasca, IL, USA) was applied. In Groups 2 and 3, before total etching and application of bonding agent, the cavity floor was lined with the resin-modified glass-ionomer cement-Vitrebond (3M ESPE Dental Products Division, St. Paul, MN, USA) or the calcium hydroxide cement-Dycal (control group, Dentsply, Mildford, DE, USA), respectively. The cavities were restored using light-cured Z-100 composite resin (3M ESPE). The teeth were extracted between 5 and 30 days and prepared for microscopic assessment. Serial sections were stained with H/E, Masson's trichrome and Brown and Brenn techniques. RESULTS: In Group 1, the inflammatory response was more evident than in Groups 2 and 3. Diffusion of dental material components across dentinal tubules was observed only in Group 1, in which the intensity of the pulp response increased as the remaining dentin thickness decreased. Bacteria were evidenced in the lateral walls of two samples (Group 2) which exhibited no inflammatory response or tissue disorganization. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the experimental conditions, it was concluded total acid etching followed by application of One Step bonding agent cannot be recommended as adequate procedures. In this clinical condition the cavity walls should be lined with a biocompatible dental material, such as Vitrebond or Dycal.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1998

Quantitative analysis of GBV-C RNA in liver and serum by strand-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although GB virus C (GBV-C) is frequently detectable in patients with liver diseases, it is not known whether it actually replicates in the liver. Therefore we have quantitatively examined the strand-specific RNA of this virus. METHODS: Fourteen patients (two GBV-C RNA only seropositive, seven both GBV-C RNA and HCV RNA seropositive, and five HCV RNA only seropositive) were examined. Extracted RNAs from sera and liver specimens of these patients were serially diluted and strand-specific RNAs of GBV-C and HCV were quantitatively measured using strand-specific primers by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Positive-strand GBV-C RNA in serum was detected in all nine GBV-C RNA seropositive cases, and negative-strand RNA was detected in three, uncertain in three, and undetected in three. Positive-strand GBV-C RNA in the liver was detected in seven and undetected in two, while negative-strand RNA in the liver was undetected in eight and uncertain in one. On the other hand, positive-strand HCV RNA was detected in serum from all 12 HCV RNA seropositive patients and negative-strand HCV RNA was detected in one, uncertain in seven, and undetected in four. Positive-strand HCV RNA was detected in the liver from all 12 HCV RNA seropositive patients, and the presence of negative-strand HCV RNA in the liver was confirmed in 10 and uncertain in the remaining two. CONCLUSION: GBV-C is considered to be far less hepatotropic than HCV, and it is suggested that GBV-C might not be replicating in the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Seasonal effect on Brazilian propolis antibacterial activity.

The behavior of microorganisms towards the antibiotic action of propolis has been widely investigated. Since reports dealing with seasonal effect on propolis activity are not available, this assay was carried out aiming to observe the in vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis, collected during the four seasons, on bacterial strains isolated from human infections. Dilution of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) in agar was the method performed, with serial concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 14.0% (% v/v). The behavior of some bacteria was analysed according to the incubation period in medium plus propolis, and the survival curve was plotted. It was verified that the growth of Gram-positive bacteria is inhibited by low propolis concentrations (0.4%) whereas Gram-negative bacteria were less susceptible to this substance, the minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 4.5 to 8.0%. There was no significant difference with regards to the seasonal effect on the survival curve of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; after incubation with propolis, there was an efficient antimicrobial action, mainly towards Gram-positive bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

Decreasing mortality from acute myocardial infarctions: effect of attack rates and case severity.

Mortality from myocardial infarction (MI) has declined in many countries and the reasons for the decline have not been fully quantified. We used the database of the Halifax County MONICA Project to test the hypothesis that the decline of in-hospital mortality from MI can be explained by a trend toward less severe disease as opposed to improved treatment. During the study period 1984-1993, 14,130 people aged 25-74 had been admitted to hospital with suspected MI. Of these, 3774 were diagnosed as definite MI by standardized criteria (480 fatal). For each patient, clinical history, serial cardiac enzymes, and ECG treatment regimen during hospital stay were extracted from patient charts. Survival status 28 days after onset of symptoms was determined. A severity index predicting 28-day case fatality was derived from health status at admission time. During the study period the rate of definite MI in the MONICA target population showed a general downward trend from 221 to 179 per 100,000/year (p = 0.0002). The severity index increased during the observation time (p < 0.0001), predicting 25% higher mortality. Case fatality fluctuated, but showed a marginally significant decline. We conclude that part of the decreased in-hospital mortality from MI is due to lower attack rates. The remainder occurred despite increased case severity and is possibly due to improved in-hospital treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A highly sensitive assay for the simultaneous determination of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide, and morphine-6-glucuronide in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical and fluorescence detection.

A novel, highly sensitive and specific bioanalytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of morphine and its major metabolites, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide, in human plasma, using noroxymorphone as the internal standard. The analytes are isolated from human plasma using a nonpolar/polar C2 solid-phase extraction cartridge and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with serial detection using electrochemical detection for morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G), and noroxymorphone and fluorescence detection for morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G). The limit of quantitation (sensitivity) using a 0.5-ml sample of plasma is 1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml, and 5 ng/ml for morphine, M3G, and M6G, respectively. Standard curves were linear (correlation coefficients > 0.999) over the ranges 1-30 ng/ml, 10-500 ng/ml, and 5-100 ng/ml for morphine, M3G, and M6G, respectively. The overall interday accuracy of the method was -1.58% for morphine, 2.27% for M3G, and -5.34% for M6G. The assay is routinely used for the study of morphine, M3G, and M6G pharmacokinetics after oral administration of morphine.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1975

Determination of some in vitro growth requirements of Bacteroides nodosus.

Physical and nutritional factors required for growth of Bacteroides nodosus isolates from ovine foot-rot lesions were examined. Simplified anaerobic culture techniques were devised utilizing a fully soluble, autoclavable, liquid medium (TAS) which contained proteose-peptone, yeast and meat extracts and certain other essential compounds required to promote prompt and serially transferrable growth of cultures from small inocula. The latter included Trypticase, arginine, a reducing agent (most suitably thioglycollic acid) and CO2; serine and Mg2+ markedly increased growth yields. Trypticase could not be replaced by a commercial preparation of acid-hydrolysed casein; other forms of hydrolysed protein gave delayed and inconsistent growth. Maximum growth of cultures required concentrations of 0-02 to 0-35 M-arginine, which could not be replaced by glutamic acid, citrulline or ornithine. Exogenous carbohydrate compounds were not required. The temperature range for optimum growth of cultures was 37 to 39 degrees C, and anaerobic culture conditions were essential for growth and the production of B. nodosus organisms of normal morphology. Solidified TAS media for the isolation and maintenance of B. nodosus cultures were also devised.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantification of human papillomavirus DNA in the plasma of patients with cervical cancer.

Plasma human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA level was measured to evaluate the clinical usefulness of circulating DNA for cervical cancer management. DNA extracted from pretreatment plasma of 50 cervical cancer patients and from serial longitudinal plasma of 21 patients was quantified for HPV16/HPV18 by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Another 15 patients with low-grade lesion (LG), 18 patients with high-grade lesion (HG), and 96 normal individuals were studied as controls. Plasma HPV16-DNA was detectable in 50% of cancer patients. The incidence and median level were statistically higher than those in LG patients and normal, but similar to HG patients. Plasma HPV18-DNA was only detected in 6% of cancer patients and 1% of normal. Same type of HPV present in plasma was also detected in its primary tumor; and the level of plasma HPV16-DNA was dependent on the viral load in primary tumor. Plasma HPV-DNA was not detected in 16 of 21 patients after treatment, and those patients had complete response to therapy. HPV-DNA persisted or reappeared in five patients after treatment (one had persistent disease and another had recurrence). Plasma HPV-DNA might be a valuable marker for monitoring therapeutic response and disease progression in cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of the novel agent from human stool samples that is associated with sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis.

The agent(s) responsible for sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis in humans was serially transmitted in rhesus monkeys by intravenous inoculation of the stool extract from a patient. A novel agent called HFV (hepatitis French [origin] virus) was present as 27- to 37-nm particles in the infectious stool extract. Hepatopathic lesions were noticed in infected monkeys during the acute phase of illness. The purified viral 27- to 37-nm particles consist of a double-stranded DNA of approximately 20 kb and are detected in infected monkey liver. Analysis of cell culture detects the approximately 20-kb-long viral DNA in stool samples from infected monkeys and sporadic enteric non-A, non-B hepatitis patients. Furthermore, the 27- to 37-nm viral particles were able to protect monkeys challenged with infectious stool extract. Our results indicate that 27- to 37-nm virus like particles are responsible for sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis in rhesus monkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of venom and whole-body rast and intradermal testing in vespid-sensitive patients.

14 patients clinically hypersensitive to vespid sting by history, 6 patients with large local reactions and 10 control subjects were skin tested with serial two- and tenfold dilutions of venom and whole-body extract of yellow jacket, wasp, and white-faced hornet antigens. Radioallergosorbent test determinations with the same antigens were also made. Determination of minimal reactive dose by skin testing distinguished control and hypersensitive patients groups for all three antigens using either venom or whole body extract. Yellow jacket venom skin testing detected 12 of 14 patients considered clinically hypersensitive. This was not the case with the other two venoms, possibly because most of the patients were yellow jacket sensitive, or any of the whole-body extracts. The Radioallergosorbent test was less useful than venom skin testing in detecting patients considered clinically sensitive.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

The turnover and transport of vitamin D and of a polar metabolite with the properties of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in human plasma.

Four normal men were injected intravenously with physiological doses (6 mug) of vitamin D(3)-1,2-(3)H. Serial samples of plasma were collected for 50 days. Total lipid extracts were chromatographed on silicic acid columns or thin-layer plates in order to characterize the radioactive components. Labeled vitamin D(3) disappeared rapidly from plasma (initial half-life approximately 12 hr); after 7 days unchanged vitamin D(3) represented less than 1% of circulating radioactivity. Coincident with vitamin D(3) disappearance a more polar labeled metabolite appeared with chromatographic and other properties identical with those of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. The disappearance of the more polar metabolite was relatively slow with a half-life of 19.6 +/-0.6 days. A similar half-life was seen in a fifth subject, injected with 80 mug of vitamin D(3)-(3)H. Most (approximately 92%) of the plasma total radioactivity was represented by this component throughout the study. Plasma samples collected at various times were adjusted to density (d) 1.21 and were ultracentrifuged to separate plasma lipoproteins from proteins with d > 1.21. In all samples, almost all (mean 94%) of the radioactivity was found in association with proteins of d > 1.21. This observation was confirmed by bioassay, measuring uptake of (45)Ca by intestinal slices. All plasma bioassayable vitamin D was found in association with proteins of d > 1.21; 55% of bioactivity was found in the chromatographic fraction corresponding to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 44% in the fractions representing vitamin D(3). Since both vitamin D(3) and its 25-hydroxy metabolite are lipid-soluble sterol derivatives, the finding that these compounds do not circulate in association with the known plasma lipoproteins provides presumptive evidence for the existence of a specific transport protein of d > 1.21. The transport protein for the polar metabolite has been partly characterized by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. The protein has an apparent size slightly smaller than plasma albumin (approximate mol wt 50,000-60,000) and an electrophoretic mobility very slightly greater than that of albumin. Studies are in progress to fractionate further and to characterize the transport protein.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Purification and characterization of N-acetylneuraminate synthase from Escherichia coli K1-M12.

N-Acetylneuraminate (NeuAc) synthase, which catalyzes NeuAc synthesis by condensation of N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), was purified from a cell extract of Escherichia coli K1-M12 to electrophoretically homogeneity by serial column chromatographies. The molecular weight of native enzyme was estimated to be 106,000 by gel filtration. After denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulfate, the molecular weight was reduced to 52,000, indicating the existence of 2 identical subunits. The optimum pH was 7.5 and the stable pH range was 7.0 to 10.0. The enzyme was thermostable up to 30 degrees C. No metal ion was required for the enzyme activity. SH-inhibitors such as p-chloromercuribenzoic acid and mercury chloride were potent inhibitors. The K(m) for ManNAc and PEP were 5.6 mM and 0.04 mM, respectively.

Chloromercuribenzoates↗
PubMed2002

TRAP-silver staining, a highly sensitive assay for measuring telomerase activity in tumor tissue and cell lines.

Measurement of telomerase activity in clinically obtained tumor samples may provide important information for use as both a diagnostic marker and a prognostic indicator for patient outcome. In order to evaluate telomerase activity in tumor tissue without radiolabeling the product, we developed a simple telomeric repeat amplification protocol-silver-staining assay that is less time-consuming, is safe and requires minimal equipment. In addition, we determined the sensitivity of the silver-staining method by using extracts of telomerase-positive thyroid carcinoma cell lines which were serially diluted from 5,000 to 10 cells. Telomerase activity was also assayed in 19 thyroid tumors, 2 normal controls and 27 bone marrow aspirates. The results indicate that the technique permits the detection of telomerase activity from 5000 to as few as 10 cells. We propose that it could be immediately applicable in many laboratories due to the minimal amount of equipment required.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2000

Short term human primary pulpal response after direct pulp capping with fourth-generation dentin adhesives.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the total-etch and direct pulp capping techniques on the short-term response of mechanically exposed human primary tooth pulps using three commercially available adhesive resin systems. Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of intact mandibular primary molars and exposed with a carbide bur on the cavity floor. The entire cavity except the exposure site received 36% phosphoric acid gel conditioning. Exposed pulps were capped with one of the three adhesive resins, followed by restoration of the cavities with the respective restorative materials. The teeth were extracted after 60 days and prepared according to normal histological techniques. Serial sections were stained with H/B for histological evaluations. The histopathological evaluation showed that a few of the samples in the Scotchbond Multi Purpose (SMP) and Prime & Bond 2.1 (PB) groups exhibited "attempted bridge formation", while no bridge formation was evident in the other samples. Syntac Single Component (Syntac) exhibited the most severe histological response, while the mildest reactions were observed in the SMIP group. Based on the conditions of the present study, direct pulp capping with dentin bonding agents following the total-etch technique in primary teeth can not be recommended.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The vasotocinergic system in the hypothalamus and limbic region of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus).

We report a morphological and biochemical analysis on the presence, distribution and quantification of vasotocin in the hypothalamus and limbic region of the budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus, using immunohistochemistry on serial sections and competitive enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay measurements on tissue extracts. Analysis of the sections showed large vasotocin-immunoreactive neurons in three main regions of the diencephalon, of both male and female specimens. Vasotocinergic cell bodies were located in the ventral and lateral areas of the hypothalamus, dorsal to the lateral thalamus and medial to the nucleus geniculatus lateralis. Immunoreactive neurons were placed also periventricularly, close to the walls of the third ventricle, at the level of the magnocellular paraventricular nucleus. Well evident bundles of immunoreactive fibers were placed ventral to the anterior commissure in the same regions of the hypothalamus and thalamus where vasotocinergic perikarya are localized. Fibers were identified close to the third ventricle, and in the lateral hypothalamic area along the lateral forebrain bundle. In contrast to what reported for other oscine and non-oscine avian species, we were not able to identify immunopositive neurons in any region above the anterior commissure, or detect relevant differences on the distribution of the vasotocin immmunoreactivity between sexes. Competitive enzyme linked immunoadsorption assay and image analysis of the extension of immunoreactivity in the tissue sections were consistent with the qualitative observations and indicated that there is no statistically significant dimorphism in the content of vasotocin or in the location and distribution of vasotocinergic elements in the investigated areas of male and female parrot brains.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Identification of a colon-specific antigen (CSA) in normal and neoplastic tissues.

An antigen has been isolated from a human signet-ring cell carcinoma serially growing in hamsters, GW-39, by saline, PCA, or phenol extraction, and has been found immunologically identical to a similarly extracted substance in normal human or hamster colon. No other hamster or human tissues or cells were found to contain this antigen, for which reason we have termed it colon-specific antigen, or CSA. CSA has been found to be distinct from the major blood group-specific antigens and from othercolon tumor-associated antigens, such as CEA, CCA-II, and CCA-III. It thus seems that a colon organ-specific antigen can be synthesized by this particular human tumor system. Hamsters immunized with CSA could reject cheek pouch grafts of GW-39 tumors, and tumor rejection by these animals correlated with their anti-CSA antibody titers. Preliminary characterization of CSA suggested that it is a glycoprotein on the cell surface having a molecular size of 30,000 to 50,000 daltons. It is proposed that CSA may play a role in the diagnosis of mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of the colon and in ulcerative colitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Live attenuated vaccine for hepatitis A.

The successful development of hepatitis B vaccines has stimulated interest in the active immunoprophylaxis of type A hepatitis. The development of hepatitis A vaccines has been simplified by the ability to propagate HAV in tissue culture systems and the availability of animal model systems, including the chimpanzee and certain species of marmosets in which to evaluate safety and efficacy of candidate vaccines. Both inactivated and live, attenuated hepatitis A vaccines are possible, but the limited replicative ability of HAV in tissue culture makes the former impractical at present. However, HAV appears to be rapidly attenuated by serial passage in tissue culture and such attenuated strains are candidates for a live, attenuated vaccine similar to the Sabin polio vaccine. The HM-175 strain of HAV, recovered from the stool of a patient with type A hepatitis in Melbourne, Australia, was isolated directly in primary African green monkey kidney (AGMK), a cell substrate suitable for vaccine development. This strain has been serially passaged over 20 times in AGMK. The parent strain (stool extract) and virus at tissue culture passages 10 and 20 were evaluated for infectivity and virulence in seronegative chimpanzees. The parent strain produced evidence of liver damage (elevated liver enzymes) at all dilutions of infectious virus tested. In contrast, tissue culture-passaged virus was fully infectious for chimpanzees, but did not produce biochemical evidence of hepatitis. Similarly, hepatitis A viral antigen could not be detected in liver biopsies and little or no viral antigen could be detected in acute phase stool samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗