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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Drowning prevention. A case study in EMS epidemiology.

A central theme for EMS systems is the reduction of death and disability from emergency illnesses and injuries, with most systems focusing exclusively on treatment to fulfill their missions. Unfortunately, this has often resulted in the neglect or complete disregard of prevention, which actually may be the more powerful intervention strategy. Yet hopefully, as EMS systems begin to learn and embrace the principles of continuous quality improvement (CQI) in their organizational cultures, the advantages of prevention vs. treatment will become more apparent and internally recognized.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1999

[An outbreak of Pontiac fever among children and adults following a whirlpool bath].

We investigated an outbreak of fever most likely due to a contaminated whirlpool among nine adults and six children visiting a holiday home. The outbreak was characterized by a high attack rate, short incubation periods, influenza-like symptoms and rapid recoveries typical of Pontiac fever. The children, however, experienced less characteristic symptoms and no sequelae compared to the adults. Evidence and presumptive evidence of Legionella (L) infection was found in eleven cases; in one case by isolation of L. pneumophila serogroup 1, in two cases by positive test for Legionella by PCR and in eleven cases with seroconversion. In contrast, two adult non-users of the whirlpool had no symptoms and no serological evidence of infection. This investigation demonstrates differences between adults and children in the clinical picture of Pontiac fever, furthermore it shows that culture and PCR of tracheal aspirate for legionellae can be used in a hospital setting for rapid diagnosis although their sensitivities are low.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Bacteriological and parasitological investigations in public indoor swimming baths (author's transl)].

The importance of the public swimming bath for the dissemination of Trichomonas vaginalis is disputed. 30 samples, each of 250 ml bath water from four indoor swimming baths, were examined for trichomonads. All the samples were negative. 218 smears taken from the wet places on the heated benches and other seating accommodation in these swimming baths were cultured for trichomonads and bacteria. Trichomonas vaginalis could not be demonstrated. Fecal organisms were found in 56 places, antibiotic-sensitive staphylococci were cultured from 20 samples and Ps. aeruginosa from 8. The negative tests for trichomonads suggests that the indoor swimming bath has no epidemiological importance in the dissemination of this parasite.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Virulence profiles and other biological characters in water isolated Aeromonas hydrophila.

Thirty water isolates of A. hydrophila were tested for potential virulence profiles, antibiotic resistance and Bacteriocin-Like Substances (BLS) production. Cytotoxic activity was present in all strains tested, 87% were hemolytic and 70% adhesive. Lysine decarboxylase reactions (LDC) positivity was correlated with virulence factors: 100% versus cytotoxicity, 84% versus adherence, 76% versus hemolytic activity. The correlation was also present in the LDC-negative strains. Hemolytic and cytotoxic activities were frequently associated: high cytotoxicity, corresponding to high hemolytic activity and vice versa. The in vitro susceptibility of A. hydrophila to 28 antibacterial agents showed that cefotaxime was the most active beta-lactam antibiotic, and Cefuroxime inhibited 90% of the strains. Isolates were resistant to Penicillin G, Ampicillin, Carbenicillin, Amoxicillin, Cephalotin and Cefaclor. Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoine, the quinolones and the aminoglycosides (except Streptomycin) were consistently active. BLS production never emerged against closely-related microorganisms. On the contrary A. hydrophila presented a heteroinhibitory activity against non-taxonomically related genera such as Listeria spp. (L. seeligeri NCTC 11856, L. welshimeri NCTC 11857, L. ivanovii NCTC 11846) and S. aureus ATCC 25923. Although a large number of strains showed virulence determinants together with other biological characters such as antibiotic resistance and BLS production, it was not possible to relate these factors to the observed plasmids.

Aeromonas hydrophila↗