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PubMed1982

Studies on the thymus from patients with multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis.

The thymus glands which were excised for therapy (myasthenia gravis; MG) or experimental therapy (multiple sclerosis; MS) were compared to thymic biopsies from patients undergoing cardiac surgery. There was no difference in the weight or total cells of MG and MS thymuses or of the cell density of control, of MG or MS glands. Only 1 of 25 MS thymuses was hyperplastic, as were 2 of 9 of the MG thymuses and none of the controls. Several differences were noted for thymic lymphocyte proliferation to mitogenes in MS patients and to antigens in MS and MG patients. Ms thymuses had a decreased stimulation index to antithymocyte globulin and to optimal concentrations of pokeweed mitogen. Myasthenia gravis thymuses showed a significantly increased stimulation of myelin basic protein. The % B and % T cell counts were normal for the MS patients. No differences were noted in the incidence of mixed lymphocyte reactions between thymocytes and peripheral lymphocytes in the three groups. Fresh thymic lymphocytes did not suppress concanavalin A stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. It is not known if the differences in lymphocyte proliferation between MS, MG, and control thymuses represent a primary or secondary change.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Circulating T cells of patients with active psoriasis respond to streptococcal M-peptides sharing sequences with human epidermal keratins.

Psoriasis is a T-cell mediated inflammatory skin disease which has been associated with group A, beta-haemolytic streptococcal infections. Four 20 a.a. long M6-peptides sharing 5-6 a.a. sequences with human epidermal keratins were identified. To investigate the role of potentially cross-reactive T cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) responses of circulating T cells to these peptides were analysed by ELISPOT and RT-PCR in 14 psoriatic patients, 12 healthy individuals and six patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Untreated psoriatic patients' responses were significantly higher to these peptides than healthy and AD controls, while responses to a control M6-peptide, not sharing sequences with keratin, were negligible in all groups. No difference was found in response to streptokinase/streptodornase (SK/SD). M6-protein and peptides exclusively elicited IFN-gamma production, with little IL-4 production, even in AD patients. Interferon-gamma responses to all the M6-peptides were abolished after successful treatment of psoriatic patients, but responses to SK/SD were unaffected. The results indicate that active psoriasis is associated with Th1-like cells responding to streptococcal M6-peptides sharing sequences with human epidermal keratin. This is consistent with the hypothesis that psoriasis may be induced and exacerbated in susceptible individuals by M-protein specific Th1-like cells that cross-react with human epidermal keratin.

Adult↗