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Results for “Occlusal Splints”

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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

The congenital insensitivity-to-pain syndrome (analgesia congenita): report of a case.

The congenital insensitivity-to-pain syndrome is one of several entities of sensory neuropathies in which pain sensation is absent from birth. This report describes a female child with the syndrome, who in all other aspects was normal. The most severe oral consequence of her disorder was self-inflicted exfoliation at an early age of all single-rooted primary teeth and one primary molar (a total of 13 teeth). The child was monitored from age 8. The primary aim in management was to monitor the eruption of the permanent teeth and occlusal development. At eruption of the mandibular incisors a protective splint was constructed to prevent their sharp edges injuring the tongue and the oral mucosa. The child was also instructed not to agitate her newly erupted teeth. Further occlusal development of the permanent dentition was uneventful.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Comparative electromyographic study of bite plates and stabilization splints.

The object was to study any influence on the integrated electromyographic activity in the masseter and temporal muscles of two types of occlusal appliances. Seventeen healthy subjects wore a bite plate with a frontal plateau and a full coverage stabilization splint at night, each for 1 wk. The EMG activity was recorded without appliances in situ, in the rest position, and during gentle and maximum biting before and after the use of the different appliances. After use of the bite plate, the EMG activity was not significantly different at any tested level. After use of the splint, the activity in the rest position was significantly lower in the anterior and posterior parts of the temporal muscles. The EMG activity was significantly lower in the rest position in both parts of the temporal muscle after use of the splint than after use of the bite plate. In a control group of eight subjects in whom no appliances were used, the EMG activity did not change significantly between the initial and 1- or 5-wk recordings. Thus, the occlusal design of the appliances seems to be of importance for the influence on the EMG activity in the masticatory muscles, at least in healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Influence of occlusion on head posture, during periods of continuous intermaxillary pressure].

The influence of divergent splint-adjusted maximum intercuspation on head posture during prolonged phases of clenching was studied in five subjects. During clenching in maximum intercuspation profound changes of head posture were observed, if intercuspation was not harmonized with an upright posture of head and body. Since the interrelation between occlusion and head posture is established a comprehensive approach of orthopedic, physiotherapeutic, and dental measures, in particular for the therapy of myoarthropathy patients with cervical spine symptoms seems appropriate. Occlusal corrections and determination of occlusal relations must always be made or at least checked in the upright relaxed patient with the head straight.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Posterior capsulitis of the temporomandibular joint.

Posterior capsulitis, which is characterized by pain and inflammation localized above and behind the condyle of the mandible, usually develops as a result of premature contacts in dental occlusion. The pain at the affected side is related to the severe spasm of M. Pterygoideus Lateralis or the splinting action of the masticatory muscles. This condition can be readily treated by occlusal grinding of these premature contacts after a definite diagnosis. The amount of grinding on the teeth varies according to the localization of premature contacts and the pain at the joint. This study covers 123 patients diagnosed as having posterior capsulitis and the results are presented.

Arthritis↗
PubMed2001

[Splinting--a review of the literature].

Early evidence for the use of splints can be seen in ancient civilizations, but the concept of Splinting teeth to support and immobilize teeth, by joining several teeth together continues to be a topic of controversy. Splints can be classified based on their purpose and duration of use, the way of fabrication, and the location of the splinted teeth in the jaw. The biomechanical mechanism of splint is related to the mechanism of tooth mobility. The indications for splint usage in the healthy and diseased periodontium are variable, among them are: prevention of mobility after acute trauma, for occlusal therapy, to allow function, to allow periodontal repair, in case of occlusal trauma, to prevent teeth drifting after orthodontic treatment or when a tooth is missing. Due to the many disadvantages splints have, splinting should be used cautiously, specially in splinting teeth and implants.

Dental Occlusion, Traumatic↗
PubMed1992

Vertical dimension increases in the adult rhesus monkey: a pilot study.

Tooth impaction, increased muscle activity, and histologic changes in the bone of the temporomandibular joint have been reported following attempts to increase the vertical dimension of occlusion. The purpose of this research was to study the effects of increases in the vertical dimension of occlusion on bone density at five levels of the mandible in the adult rhesus monkey, and to assess dentoalveolar changes by lateral cephalometric radiographs and mounted diagnostic casts. Mandibular cobalt chromium splints measuring 3 mm in height at the first molar, providing even occlusal contact to the maxillary anterior and posterior teeth, were cemented in place on two monkeys. Five similar monkeys without splints were used as controls. Computed tomograms were completed to evaluate bone density bilaterally at five levels of the mandible after 3 months of splint wear. Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs and mounted diagnostic casts were completed to assess tooth impaction. Periodontal ligament (PDL) thickening and mobility of molars and premolars were evaluated before splint placement and after splint removal. There was no statistically significant difference in the bone density levels of the animals with splints compared with the controls. Minimal dentoalveolar changes were observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unna's boot dressings facilitate outpatient skin grafting of hands.

Present day economics have challenged health care providers to minimize the length of hospitalization without sacrificing quality of care. Within this context, the purpose of this study was to determine whether supporting the hand and wrist with an Unna's boot dressing (Medicopaste bandage; Graham-Field, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y.) and splint, and covering the skin graft donor site with calcium alginate (Kaltostat; Calgon Vestal, St. Louis, Mo.), would allow successful outpatient skin grafting of burns to the upper extremity. Twelve patients with burns underwent debridement and split-thickness skin grafting on a total of 16 upper extremities with this method. Only patients who were otherwise healthy, had adequate home environments, and had burns limited to distal to the elbow were included for this initial trial. All skin graft donor sites were obtained from either the upper thigh or buttocks. Patients were discharged to home after 4 to 6 hours of observation and given amoxicillin for 5 days after surgery. Patients returned to the burn unit on the fifth postgrafting day for removal of the Unna's boot dressing, initiation of occupational therapy to the hands, and reapplication of a new calcium alginate dressing if needed. This and subsequent follow-up visits revealed a 95% or more take on all skin grafts, without any infectious complications. These results demonstrate the efficacy of Unna's boot support and calcium alginate dressings of donor sites in limited skin graft procedures. Furthermore, these results suggest that more extensive surgical debridements and skin graftings may be successfully shifted to outpatient procedures with use of these adjuvants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Occlusal trauma. An evaluation of its relationship to periodontal prostheses.

Occlusion and local irritants are two factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Moreover, occlusal trauma and periodontal inflammation may act as codestructive agents in periodontal disease. Mobility as well as radiographic changes, including a widened PDL space, decreased definition of the lamina dura, bone loss, and altered bone trabeculation, are diagnostic for trauma from occlusion. When periodontitis is present in conjunction with occlusal trauma, the inflammatory condition should be resolved first. If the inflammatory process is controlled and the patient still suffers from impaired function, diminished comfort, or unacceptable esthetics, then occlusal equilibration may be employed. If this treatment modality is not successful, adjunctive appliances or splinting should be contemplated.

Dental Occlusion, Traumatic↗
PubMed1989

The physiology of splint therapy: a literature review.

The clinician must frequently make treatment decisions with limited knowledge of the appropriateness and consequences of the different options. Patients have specific expectations: that the treatment they receive is the usual one, that they have been informed of the alternatives and the consequences, and most importantly that the treatment has a reasonable chance of success. In TMJ therapy, as with most treatments, the patient's improvement is closely connected to a proper diagnosis based on sound physiologic principles. This investigation will review four basic splint types and discuss their success in the resolution of various temporomandibular disorders. Since the position of the condyle-disc-fossa, the occlusal contact pattern and the masticatory muscle dynamics are interrelated, this study will focus on the physiologic changes splints may cause with modification of this tooth, joint and muscle relationship. Hopefully, selection of a specific splint design appropriate to the patient's disorder will be facilitated by better understanding of its physiologic and therapeutic effects.

Bruxism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthodontic correction of maxillary flaring using provisional restorations.

An unconventional orthodontic correction can be accomplished by using preexisting provisional restorations, which can be modified for use in active tooth movement or splinted together for orthodontic anchorage. This technique has an advantage over conventional fixed appliance orthodontic therapy because it can accomplish tooth movement concurrently with restorative and periodontal therapy. Consequently, the timing or sequencing of periodontal and restorative treatment is optimal, and the overall treatment is more efficient. The learning objective of this article is to describe the minor tooth movement necessary to achieve the optimum occlusal scheme, crown form, and tooth position for the forces of occlusion to be displaced down the long axis of the periodontally compromised teeth. Once the occlusion, periodontal health, and crown contours for the provisional splinted restoration are acceptable, the final splinted restoration can be similarly fabricated, and it becomes an excellent orthodontic retainer.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1988

Response patterns of craniomandibular muscles with and without alterations in sensory feedback.

1. Surface EMG recordings were made bilaterally from the anterior part of the temporal muscle, superficial masseter muscle, and the suprahyoid complex of muscles while tracking mandibular incisor movement in three planes. This was done in 20 normal subjects with 16 different responses. Some responses involved clenching whereas other responses occurred with actual mandibular movement. 2. Each muscle demonstrated a probability of recruitment dependent on the response that correlated with the intensity of recruitment. The higher the probability of recruitment, the greater the intensity of muscle activity. 3. The anterior temporal muscle demonstrated no statistically significant difference in any of the responses between the left and right muscles. The masseter muscle also demonstrated bilateral symmetry. 4. The anterior part of the temporal muscle was recruited in more than 60% of its trials (60% to 100%) in ipsilateral laterotrusion, retrusion, fast vertical raising, clenching on the ipsilateral or intercuspal position, and mastication. The temporal muscle was recruited in less than 60% of its trials in contralateral and incisor clenching, and less than 30% in contralateral laterotrusion, protrusion, and opening. 5. The superficial masseter muscle was recruited in more than 60% of its trials in protrusion, vertical raising, all clenches, and mastication. The masseter muscle was recruited less than 60% in retrusion, ipsilateral laterotrusion, and opening. 6. The suprahyoid group of muscles was recruited in more than 60% of its trials in protrusion, opening, and mastication. This group of muscles was recruited less than 60% of the time in clenching, lateral movements, and rapid vertical raising of the mandible. 7. Applying a maxillary splint to seven subjects significantly decreased the recruitment of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles during mastication. The splint also modified the use of the masseter muscle during protrusion so that it was less active, but increased its recruitment during contralateral clenching. The suprahyoid muscle group was unaffected by the maxillary splint. 8. These data support the concept that movement of the mandible from the intercuspal or rest position develops a coactivation pattern that will excite or inhibit a given muscle regardless of whether clenching with occlusal contacts or no occlusal contact is involved. 9. The data also demonstrate that the maxillary splint can alter the use of the jaw elevator muscles, predominantly in mastication.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Autogenic tooth transplantation: a report of ten cases.

Modifications in the surgical procedure for transplantation of the unerupted mandibular third molar to the first molar socket are presented, and the clinical and radiographic data on ten cases with a 3-year follow-up are described. The proposed method of treatment makes it possible to stabilize the transplant without a splint by using a suture crossed over the occlusal surface of the tooth.

Adolescent↗