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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Chronic bronchitis and ventilatory capacity of the lungs in relation to the function of small airways in workers in a Coke-Processing Plants in Zabrze].

In 449 male workers of the Zabrze Coking Plant (age 18-62 years) a questionnaire analysis of presence of bronchitic symptoms was carried out. The following ventilatory parameters were also assessed: FVC, FEV1, PEF, MEF75, MEF50, MEF25. Chronic bronchitis was diagnosed in 30.5% of the analysed subjects. The incidence of chronic bronchitis was four-fold higher in smoking males (33.9%) in comparison with non-smokers (8.3%). The authors did not find any relation between the character of work in subject with occupational exposure to atmospheric pollutants and incidence of chronic bronchitis. Smoking produced a decrease in flow during forced expiration especially in males older than 40 years. Subjects with higher occupational exposure to atmospheric pollutants demonstrated higher incidence of airway obstruction (21.2%) and lower mean FEV1% and flow volumes in comparison to subjects with lower occupational exposure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The prevention of vibration disease].

Probable cooling of hands must be taken into account in setting up the prophylaxis of pathology due to the local vibration. Warm air pumped into the manual pneumatic devices can eliminate the cooling of operators' hands. The same effect is gained by the physiotherapeutic procedure--the warming and micromassage of hands by the dry air.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1992

[The hygienic assessment of the working conditions and health status of workers on the petroleum tank farms of Bashkiria].

Work conditions and the health status in workers of Bashkirian oil enterprises are characterized. Exposure to oil products composed of alkanes and aromatics, petrol and tetraethyl lead was proved to be the major hazard for workers of all the occupations. Complex of occupational and industrial hazards of Bashkirian oil enterprises harms the health status of workers, which induces the high prevalence of chronic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A method for recording the deep temperature of the human body under cooling and warming microclimatic conditions].

The simple and safe method for the deep body temperature measurement is worked out. The temperature is measured by means of the heat point-sensor and fully corresponds to the deep body temperature. The maximal temperature of the voided urine was measured. The rectal temperature completely coincides with the measured by the stated method in healthy men exposed to high, low and contrast temperatures of air and water.

Body Temperature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Occupational risks in the maintenance of pot-lining and anode firing furnaces].

A group of 66 pot-lining and anode furnace maintenance workers was examined, including 44 workers who had been exposed to these occupational hazards for more than one year. No occupational bronchial diseases were observed. Two cases of 1/0 grade silicosis and two cases of initial palmar aponeurosis retraction were reported. Seventeen cases (38.6%) of occupational hearing loss had been compensated or reported. Hearing loss exceeding the 2nd degree of the Merluzzi scale was observed in 11 workers. There were 13 cases of hearing loss (29.5%) according to ISO criteria, due to exposure levels calculated at 95/100 dB-A eq. Spirometry revealed only one worker with marked reduction in vital capacity. Urinary fluoride concentrations (1.37, S.D. = 0.63 pre-shift and 2.32, S.D. = 1.15 post shift) did not indicate any particular level of hazard. ECGs showed no significant alterations. Variance analysis and multiple regression techniques were used to study the relationship between respiratory volume, hearing capacity, age, duration of exposure and length of past exposure in the construction industry. A marked association was observed between age and hearing loss and a weaker association between duration of exposure and hearing loss.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The cabin microflora of manned space vehicles and the problem of the biological destruction of the construction materials used in them].

It is found that during operation of manned space objects there can occur the microbial growth on the structural materials of cabin interior and equipment which results in their biological destruction. The biodestructing processes can involve single parts of cabin interior, trainer linkages, connectors, cables, illuminators. Ninety four microbial species have been identified in spacecraft environment. The bacterial flora was presented by 19 genera pertaining to 11 families and involved 58 species. The mold and yeast-like fungi were presented by 12 genera and consisted of 36 species. The significant quantities of isolated microbial species were classified as potentially pathogenic microorganisms; many of them are known as biodestructers of polymeric materials. The isolated microbial cultures in space missions have become the basis of strain bank intended for further study and practical use in validating the construction materials.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of working conditions on the physiological functions of operators engaged in natural gas recovery in Uzbekistan].

Work conditions and professional activities were examined in 39 gas extracting complex operators at the age of 30-45, exposed to high environmental temperatures during more than 3 years. It became particularly evident that the observed changes of functional status in the operators were due to fatigue caused by occupational factors and professional peculiarities. Measures are suggested to normalize the hygienic parameters of the working environment and organize the work.

Adult↗