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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Is there a magic in long nocturnal dialysis?

Long 3 X 8 h/week hemodialysis (HD) has been used without modification in Tassin since 35 years with very satisfactory morbidity and mortality results. It can be performed in the day or overnight. The observed good outcome is mainly due to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than usually reported in HD. This, in turn, is due to the good control of blood pressure (BP) and of serum phosphate level. The control of BP results from the strict extracellular volume normalization using an adequate ultrafiltration and a low salt diet. High doses of small and middle molecules lead to a satisfactory nutrition, correction of anemia, control of serum phosphate and potassium with minimal needs for medications. The treatment is cost-effective. It provides an optimal dialysis i.e. it corrects as perfectly as possible each abnormality of renal failure. Overnight dialysis is the most logical way of delivering long HD with the lowest possible hindrance on patient's life. Due to the change in case mix a decreasing number of patients are apt or willing to go on overnight dialysis; education to autonomy is more difficult, but the benefits are still there.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

From Atoxyl to Salvarsan: searching for the magic bullet.

March 15th of 2004 marked the 150th anniversary of the birth of Paul Ehrlich. He was the founder of modern chemotherapy and in fact coined the word and invented the science of chemical therapy. He and his chemist Al fred Bertheim were the first people to do three things: (1) identify a substance, either man-made or from natural products, which showed promise in killing certain invading organisms; (2) determine the correct structure of the active compound in this substance, and (3) modify the chemical structure of this compound to make it more potent to invading organisms and less harmful to the host.

Arsanilic Acid↗
PubMed2006

Lyme disease: the quest for magic bullets.

Lyme disease represents a growing public health threat. Recent molecular and genetic studies have confirmed that Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of Lyme disease, is one of the most complex bacteria known to man. Affinity for multiple cell types and the presence of non-replicating forms of B. burgdorferi have contributed to persistent infection and failure of simple antibiotic regimens. The controversial clinical science of Lyme disease has impeded reliable diagnosis and effective treatment of this protean illness. Two major clinical hurdles are the absence of a therapeutic endpoint in treating Lyme disease and the presence of tick-borne coinfections that may complicate the course of the illness. New strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Lyme disease are urgently needed.

Anaplasmosis↗
PubMed2006

Nanobacteria, HIV and magic bullets--update of perspectives 2005.

In 1997 a Finnish group speculated on the presence of nanobacteria in vaccines. In 2001, a report on the identification of nanobacteria in a number of vaccines attracted much attention. Experiments indicated that viable nanobacteria are excreted via urine. Their extreme survivability suggests that prior to discussing any possible contamination of vaccines, sources and routes of natural infection need to be examined. In view of 30,000,000 HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa, the recently reported occurrence of nanobacteria in HIV-infected patients deserves concern. Clearly, it could indicate the origin of a giant reservoir and dissemination cycle. Here we discuss novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or reduce nanobacterial infection. In regard of the rapid progress in this field, we start with a brief introductory summary, and analyze possible implications.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence and clinical correlates of microalbuminuria in essential hypertension: the MAGIC Study. Microalbuminuria: A Genoa Investigation on Complications.

The prevalence of microalbuminuria and its relationship with several cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage were evaluated in a cohort of 787 untreated patients with essential hypertension. Albuminuria was measured as the albumin-to-creatinine ratio in three nonconsecutive, first morning urine samples. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 6.7%. Albuminuric patients were more likely to be men and to be characterized by higher blood pressure, body mass index, and uric acid levels and lower HDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol-to-LDL cholesterol ratio. Piecewise linear regression analysis demonstrated that uric acid and diastolic blood pressure significantly influence albuminuria and together account for a large part of its variations. K-means cluster analysis performed on the entire cohort of patients confirmed that microalbuminuria is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk profile. Furthermore, microalbuminuria was associated with the presence of target organ damage (eg, electrocardiographic [ECG] abnormalities and retinal vascular changes). Age and the presence of microalbuminuria act as independent risk factors for the development of ECG abnormalities and retinal vascular changes. Cluster analysis allowed us to identify three subgroups of patients who differed in the presence or absence of microalbuminuria, retinopathy, and ECG abnormalities. We conclude that the prevalence of microalbuminuria in essential hypertension is lower than previously reported. Increased urinary albumin excretion is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk profile and is a concomitant indicator of early target organ damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Differential effect of intracoronary infusion of mobilized peripheral blood stem cells by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on left ventricular function and remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction versus old myocardial infarction: the MAGIC Cell-3-DES randomized, controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of intracoronary infusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) has not been compared between patients with acute (AMI) versus old myocardial infarction (OMI). In addition, the potential risk of restenosis associated with G-CSF-based stem cell therapy has not been evaluated in the setting of drug eluting stent (DES) implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS: We randomly allocated 96 patients with myocardial infarction who underwent coronary revascularization with DES for the culprit lesion into 4 groups. Eighty-two patients completed 6-month follow-up; AMI cell infusion (n=25), AMI control (n=25), OMI cell infusion (n=16), and OMI control group (n=16). In cell infusion groups, PBSCs were mobilized by G-CSF for 3 days and delivered to infarcted myocardium via intracoronary infusion. The AMI cell infusion group showed a significant additive improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and remodeling compared with controls (change of LVEF: +5.1+/-9.1% versus -0.2+/-8.6%, P<0.05; change of end-systolic volume: -5.4+/-17.0 mL versus 6.5+/-21.9 mL, P<0.05). In OMI patients, however, there was no significant change of LVEF and ventricular remodeling in spite of significant improvement of coronary flow reserve after cell infusion. G-CSF-based cell therapy did not aggravate neointimal growth with DES implantation. CONCLUSIONS: Intracoronary infusion of mobilized PBSCs with G-CSF improves LVEF and remodeling in patients with AMI but is less definite in patients with OMI. G-CSF-based stem cell therapy with DES implantation is both feasible and safe, eliminating any potential for restenosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Nutrients and wound healing: still searching for the magic bullet.

Clinicians in nearly all practice areas are confronted with the challenges associated with delayed and impaired wound healing. Although nutrition plays a critical role in the healing process, controversy exists regarding the optimal nutrition regimen. This article reviews literature related to nutrition interventions that facilitate wound healing. The limitations of the research that forms the scientific basis of many nutrition recommendations are also examined. The limited availability of rigorously performed clinical studies to develop evidence-based guidelines for nutrition support in wound care emphasizes the need for further research and underscores the importance of individualizing the nutrition care plan for each patient.

Evidence-Based Medicine↗
PubMed1991

Monoclonal antibody-porphyrin conjugate for head and neck cancer: the possible magic bullet.

Although photodynamic therapy in the treatment of large head and neck cancers showed some initial promise, the results in the final analysis have been somewhat disappointing. Lack of specificity and nonhomogeneous uptake of the porphyrin by the tumor are only some of the problems. The conjugation of a monoclonal antibody (UCD/AB 6.01) with hematoporphyrin derivative that preferentially binds to tumor cells offers promise as a therapeutic agent that will not only improve specificity, but vastly enhances tumor cell kill when exposed to light in its photodynamic range. The application of the monoclonal antibody-hematoporphyrin conjugate (AB:HPD) to A-431 squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro, followed by exposure to light in the 630 nm range, increases the kill ratio by a factor of 10(5) times. The active tumor cell binding site on the cell surface has been found to be on the microvilli, a site at which a 52 kDa protein that is very similar to keratin 8 is found. The clearance of the conjugate from nude mice who have grown an A-431 tumor shows a retention of AB:HPD of approximately 15% and less than 1% in skin and internal organs when measured at 48 hours. Direct application of AB:HPD to fresh pathology specimens containing human squamous cell carcinomas shows binding exclusively limited to the tumor.

Animals↗