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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Implications of a vaccine for the prevention of Epstein-Barr virus infection: ethical and logistic considerations.

Reasons are given for considering that there is sufficiently substantial indirect and circumstantial evidence linking Epstein-Barr (EB) virus to African Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma to call for a dynamic new approach to establish a causal role for the virus in these human cancers. It would seem that the only way to do this would be to develop a vaccine, vaccinate a population at risk in a high-tumor-incidence area, and subsequently follow the population for a consequential decrease in tumor incidence. Recent developments in the control of animal herpesvirus-induced malignant tumors by vaccines free of viral nucleic acid make it possible to envisage that a similar vaccine could be developed against EB virus without undue difficulty. Experiments showing the tumor-inducing ability of EB virus in South American subhuman primates have provided an in vivo laboratory system in which to test the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. Trial of the vaccine in human populations could be carried out by testing its ability to protect those at risk from primary EB virus infection accompanied by infectious mononucleosis. Although in world terms BL is not a major health problem, nevertheless African BL provides uniquely favorable conditions in which to test for a causative role for EB virus: high incidence areas are known, the peak tumor incidence is at the age of 5 or 6, and the effects of vaccination on tumor incidence could be assessed within a decade. Should a carcinogenic role for EB virus be demonstrated in African BL, a much longer term program would be called for to extend the vaccine control of infection to areas where EB virus is implicated in the induction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although a high incidence of this tumor is confined to populations of Southern Chinese origin, the very large numbers of such people and the frequency of the tumor among them make this a substantial world health problem and, therefore, worth the cost and effort necessary to develop a vaccine giving life-long immunity and to conduct a program that will take more than a generation to give positive results.

Africa↗
PubMed1991

Logistic multiple regression analysis of factors predicting recurrence of hyperthyroidism after medical treatment of toxic diffuse goitre.

In order to determine which factors predict the outcome of short term antithyroid drug treatment we studied 42 patients with diffuse goitre in whom 43 instances of thyrotoxicosis were treated. Treatment duration ranged from 24 to 61 wk (median 30 wk). All patients received high-dose carbimazole and thyroid hormone substitution. Patients in remission were followed for 39 to 134 wk (median 73 wk). The relapse rate at 1 yr and at 2 yr after cessation of antithyroid drug treatment was 51%. Of the parameters studied presence or absence of eye signs and initial serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine and immunoglobulin-G in the relapse group and in the remission group showed significant differences in univariate analysis. No significant differences were found for age, sex, family history of thyroid disease, thyroid gland volume or TSH-receptor stimulating autoantibodies. Linear discriminant analysis shows that of the four remaining factors thyroxine is not important in separating both groups. Cox analysis yields only initial serum triiodothyronine and eye signs as significant prognostic factors. With these two factors 18 out of 23 predictions of remission and 16 out of 18 predictions of relapse in the 41 patients with known initial serum triiodothyronine concentrations are correct. Such predictions can be used in the choice of therapy, short-term medical treatment for patients with a low risk and long-term medical treatment or, at the appropriate time, a destructive form of therapy for patients with a high risk of relapse.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Logistical implementation of cholesterol screening at the worksite. Appointment versus walk-in approach.

Worksite cholesterol screening programs providing initial cholesterol screening, dietary consultation, and follow up evaluation are an excellent way to assist individuals to know their cholesterol. Two methods for implementation of cholesterol screening at the worksite include walk-in and appointment. These methods can be tailored to accommodate any worksite population. Guidelines for planning, implementation, follow-up, and evaluation of cholesterol screening programs are discussed.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1990

[Control of tuberculosis in Nepal. A project. Logistics, goals].

The aims of the anti-tuberculosis project are firstly to successfully conclude chemotherapy with few discontinuations of treatment and re-activations, and, secondly, via the determination of resistance, to identify problems in the fight against tuberculosis in Nepal, and to demonstrate therapeutic possibilities in problem patients.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Doctors and injectable contraception. Analysis of the logistics of prescribing in accordance with the views expressed by doctors].

Injectable contraception (IC) using medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depoprovera) and norethisterone enanthate (Noristerat) has been discussed in numbers of publications since the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the USA have refused to authorize the use of Depoprovera as a contraceptive in America. This has provoked a large number of publications in the international literature. The refusal was based on the potential oncogenic risk of the molecule. The distribution of this product as a contraceptive in developing countries and its restricted authorisation in many industrialised countries including France has brought about contradictory debates about the assessment of this method (secondary effects, risks of developing cancer and teratogenesis). In 1986 we started a research using close collaboration between the health teams of Seine-Saint-Denis (which control clinics, family planning clinics and hospitals) in order to try to find some solution to this problem "for or against IC". The object of this research was to find out how acceptable this method was as compared with other contraceptive methods. The fact that many disciplines were involved (gynaecologists, sociologists, epidemiologists and pharmacologists) in this work made it possible first to find out the conditions under which IC was prescribed (by sociological analysis and discussions with doctors). And the socio-cultural features in which the doctors who prescribed this method of contraception were situated also came into play. The criteria under which ICs are prescribed are not mainly medical but are narrowly linked to socio-cultural factors and the socio-economic factors of the women for whom it is prescribed: and this is in comparison with other methods of contraception. Prescribing this substance has a degree of urgency about it.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychological and logistic approach to the handicapped in the dental area. 1. Early introduction to dentistry].

The AA, take into consideration the preventive aspect of the care to patients bearer of handicap, affirming with insistence that a good campaign of information and a good prevention applied particularly by colleagues of others medical branches (Paediatrists, Phonotrists, Neurosurgeons, Logopaedists, etc.) can favour the conservative oral care more than the extractive care.

DMF Index↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychological and logistic approach to the handicapped in the dental area. 3. Difficulty in the waiting room].

The authors say that, in the period preceding a dental operation on children with handicaps, the waiting-hall plays a very important part. In fact, it is here that, thanks to gradual practical and psychological preparations, a contact begins between the child and the medical team. This first contact allows him to become familiar with the doctor and, consequently, to get satisfactory results during the operation.

Child↗