Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Lincomycin”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

In vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing of Vibrio alginolyticus.

V. alginolyticus from environmental sources of different geographical areas and some human pathogenic strains were investigated for their sensitivity to 29 different antimicrobial agents, using the agar diffusion method. All strains were sensitive to Gentamicin, Neomycin, Sulfaisodimidin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Rifamycin, Nalidixan and Linco-Spectin and all except one to Trimethoprim, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin and Tobramycin. Between 80 and 94% of tested strains were sensitive to Clindamycin, Cephalotin, Kanamycin, Tylosin and Spiramycin, while Ampicillin, Vancomycin and Novobiocin were effective to approximately 50%. A high percentage of resistance was found to Meticillin, Carbenicillin and Lincomycin. All strains were resistant to Penicillin and Fucidin. No variation in sensitivity pattern between environmental strains isolated from different areas was detected. Great correlation was found among environmental and human pathogenic strains, which could be helpful as guidance in therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

The bacteriology of nosocomial infections at Tikur Anbessa Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa.

Patients admitted to a teaching hospital in Addis Ababa were studied for nosocomial infection. Of 2506 patients, 13% developed clinical infections, with the highest rate among obstetric/gynaecologic patients (17.0%). Wound infection was the most frequent type of nosocomial infection (49%) followed by urinary tract infection (25%). Antibiotic prophylaxis was given to 43% of the patients. Gram-negative bacteria comprised 88% of all isolated strains Enterobacteriaceae; 75% of all isolates were found in over 60% of the infection, Proteus 25%, Escherichia coli 20% and Klebsiella 19%. The most widely used antibiotics were ineffective against 65 to 85% of the Gram-negative strains. Cefotaxime and gentamicin were more effective. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were also similarly resistant, against which cephalothin, lincomycin and gentamicin were the more effective ones. Over 70% of the strains were multiple resistant. The findings underscore the need for a surveillance program and infection control system to reduce the high rate of infection and to institute appropriate guidelines for the use of prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

An outbreak of porcine pleuropneumonia due to Haemophilus parahaemolyticus.

An outbreak of porcine pleuropneumonia in an intensive piggery in south-eastern Queensland is described. Haemophilus parahaemolyticus was isolated from weaner piglets at post-mortem examination. The disease began in weaners and later occurred in suckling piglets 3 weeks of age. It was associated with poor ventilation, hygiene and overcrowding. Treatment and control measures included intramuscular lincomycin hydrochloride (10 mg/Kg body weight), creep feed medication with oxytetracycline (500 g/tonne) and disinfection and improvement of housing. These appeared to be successful.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The resistance to antimicrobial agents of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the bovine udder.

Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (total 1657) from bovine mastitis were collected from 13 laboratories throughout Australia from 1974 to 1979. They were tested for resistance to antimicrobial agents using an agar dilution method. Resistance shown was mainly to penicillin and streptomycin. Occasional strains were resistant to neomycin, lincomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and furazolidone but multiple resistance was rare. No strain showed resistance to methicillin. Resistance to penicillin declined from 35% in 1974-75 to 7.1% in 1979. Most strains (1395) were retested to allow induction of penicillinase; 62% produced the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Prevention and control of nosocomial infection caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in premature infant ward--prevention effect of "povidone iodine solution" wipe of neonatal skin].

In January 1983, a number of premature infants under management in the premature infants' unit of our hospital were found to have bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus. By the end of February of the same year, 4 of these infants, who had been treated in the same unit, developed impetigo. The S. aureus responsible for this condition was classified as type IV by a coagulase typing. In a subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility test using the disk diffusion method, this microorganism was found to be resistant to methicillin, erythromycin and lincomycin, and to be susceptible to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and cefmetazole, indicating that it was a methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Because the result from the coagulase typing agreed with the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in all cases, we concluded that these cases represented nosocomial infection with MRSA. The source and route of the infection were investigated, and measures taken to prevent bacterial spread from carriers and to keep instruments and environments clean. Although the source of infection was not identified. Then, we tried wiping the body surface of the premature infants with an Isodine solution (10% PVP-I, 1:100 dilution) in order to prevent colonization of the microorganism on the body surface. With this application+, MRSA was no longer detected from the body surface of the premature infants, and no additional MRSA infection occurred in the premature infants' unit. Data collected for premature infants' managed at our hospital in the subsequent 6 years allows us to conclude that MRSA infection can be almost completely controlled by frequent surveys of carriers and appropriate body surface wiping with Isodine solution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1991

[Serotype and antibiotic susceptibilities of group A hemolytic streptococci isolated in Osaka, 1988-1989].

A total of 386 strains of Group A hemolytic Streptococci isolated from the patients in Osaka in 1988 and 1989 were type-classified by both T-agglutination and M-precipitin methods and were examined for drug-sensitivity. The results were summarized as follows. 1. From T-typing result, T-1 (28.2%) was revealed as the most dominant serotype in 1988, followed by T-4 (24.9%), and T-12 (23.2%), although not as much difference was found in the isolation rate among these three types. A similar tendency was observed in the results of 1989. The order was T-4 (30.3%), T-1 (24.8%), and T-12 (22.1%). 2. In the isolated Group A hemolytic Streptococci, 177 out of 241 strains (73.4%) in 1988 and 126 out of 145 strains (86.9%) in 1989 were M-typable with seven kinds of M-typing sera (Anti-M-1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 13, 18). The result of M-typing was similar to that of T-typing, because the coincidence rate between T and M types was very high among the most prevalent serotypes such as 1, 4, 6, and 12 (type-1: 98.1%, type-4:89.4%, type-6:91.7%, type-12:94.3%). 3. The number of antibiotic-resistant strains decreased. It was especially prominent in the resistant strains to erythromycin, lincomycin and chloramphenicol. While the incidence of tetracycline resistant strains in type-4, 11 and 13 remained at a high level, it decreased in type-12 and 1. All strains were sensitive to the beta-lactam antibiotics. 4. No resistant strains were detected to enoxacin (ENX) and ofloxacin (OFLX), new quinolone. MIC90 values of ENX and OFLX were 16 micrograms/ml and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively, although difference of MIC90 was observed among some strain types: MIC90 of ENX against type-6 strain was 8 times higher than that against type-12 strain.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

Antimicrobial susceptibility of group B streptococci isolated from a variety of clinical sources.

The minimal inhibitory concentration of 10 antibiotics for 244 isolates of group B streptococci was determined. Susceptibility to penicillin G, ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, and carbenicillin was uniform. Tetracycline and bacitracin resistance among these isolates was frequent (87.5 and 97.9%, respectively). Three strains (1.2%) failed to be inhibited by 100 mug of lincomycin or clindamycin per ml. Susceptibility of these 244 strains to the agents tested was unrelated to source of the isolate, year of isolation, or strain serotype. No apparent change in the suceptibility of group B streptococci to penicillin G has occurred during the past 2 decades.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

Susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans to antimicrobial agents.

Fifty strains of Streptococcus mutans, including defined strains and clinical isolates, were tested for susceptibility to 20 different antimicrobial agents. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by a liquid microtiter procedure. Antibiotics that were most effective in concentrations below 0.1 mug/ml included penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, cephalothin, and methicillin. Antibiotics effective in concentrations between 0.1 mug and 10 mug/ml included rifampin, lincomycin, thiostrepton, spiromycin, vancomycin, streptolydigan, novobiocin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, spectinomycin, and gentamicin. Antibiotics effective at higher concentrations ranging from 10 mug/ml to 400 mug/ml included the aminoglycosides kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, and kasugamycin. Although most antibiotics exhibited inhibitory effects in a narrow range of concentrations, antibiotics such as tetracycline, thiostrepton, and spiromycin had a 1,000-fold range from the lowest to highest concentrations required for growth inhibition.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

R plasmids in Streptococcus agalactiae (group B).

Two plasmids determining resistance to tetracycline (RIP500) and to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, lincomycin, and pristinamycin I (RIP501) were isolated from a strain of Streptococcus agalactiae. The frequency-of-resistance loss is very low for RIP500 (<3 x 10(4)) but higher for RIP501 (the efficiency was dependent upon the curing agents and incubation temperature and varied between 0.5 and 96%). Derivatives susceptible to all drugs were also obtained. RIP500 and RIP501 have similar molecular weights (17.9 x 10(6) and 20 x 10(6), respectively) and represent different percentages of total deoxyribonucleic acid (0.4 and 4%, respectively). The number of copies of RIP500 and RIP501 per cell is different, and these plasmids are likely replicated under different kinds of control (stringent and/or relaxed). No plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was found in a derivative of strain B96 susceptible to all drugs.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1977

Transferable plasmids mediating multiple-antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens.

In strain HK187 (Streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens) four plasmids were isolated. The molecular weights, as analyzed in neutral sucrose gradients and by electron microscopy, were found to be about 36 x 10(6), 31 x 10(6), 26 x 10(6), and 4 x 10(6). Plasmid 3, also designated pFK14, with a molecular weight of 26 x 10(6), was found to be responsible for resistance to chloramphenicol and erythromycin and also for high-level resistance to streptomycin and lincomycin. In mixed cultures these four resistances could be transferred with high frequency to a plasmid-free recipient, S. faecalis strain JH2-2.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

Susceptibility of Campylobacter fetus to twenty-two antimicrobial agents.

In vitro susceptibility of 11 recent clinical isolates of Campylobacter fetus to 22 antimicrobial agents was determined by an agar dilution technique. Unlike most obligate anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, C. fetus isolates tested were relatively resistant to penicillin and cephalosporins, but exquisitely susceptible to tetracyclines and aminoglycosides. All strains were also inhibited at concentrations achievable in serum by clindamycin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, and with rare exceptions, ampicillin. They were variably susceptible to lincomycin and erythromycin and highly resistant to vancomycin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Molecular studies and possible relatedness between R plasmids from groups B and D streptococci.

Resistance plasmids isolated from Streptococcus agalactiae (group B) and S. faecalis (group D) have been compared in regard to resistance markers, molecular weight, and DNA-DNA homology. Three of them (pIP501, pIP612, and pIP613) have been found to confer identical (or very similar) resistance patterns (erythromycin, lincomycin, and streptogramin B, respectively) and to have similar molecular weights (19.8 x 10(6), 22.7 x 10(6), and 17.6 x 10(6), respectively) and a high level of DNA-DNA homology in hybridization experiments (90 to 100%). These results are compatible with the view that these plasmids may derive from one common ancestor, and/or that they can be transferred between unrelated Streptococcus strains belonging to the same or different groups.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

In vitro activity of 39 antimicrobial agents against Treponema hyodysenteriae.

The in vitro activities of 39 antimicrobial agents against 23 isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae, the majority of which were field isolates, were determined by the agar dilution technique. Quinoxalines, pleuromutilin, nitroimidazoles, and nitrofuran were the most active. Their activities ranged from </=0.10 to 1.56 mug/ml. Lincomycin, penicillins, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, cephalosporins, three peptides (virginiamycin, thiopeptin, and bacitracin), and one aminoglycoside (gentamicin) exhibited intermediate levels of activity ranging from 0.39 to 50 mug/ml. Four peptides (enduracidin, viomycin, bicyclomycin, and colistin), three aminoglycosides (kanamycin, streptomycin, and neomycin), polyene, and other agents, including novobiocin, vancomycin, rifampin, nalidixic acid, and p-arsanilic acid, displayed limited activities ranging from 12.5 to >/=100 mug/ml. Macrolides showed varying degrees of activity depending upon isolates.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1979

Antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans: comparison of serotype profiles.

A total of 82 strains of Streptococcus mutans representing serotypes a through g were tested for susceptibility to erythromycin, penicillin, methicillin, lincomycin, tetracycline, vancomycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin B. Strains included stock cultures and isolates from human and animal dental plaque. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by a broth-microdilution procedure. The major differences in antibiotic susceptibility observed among the serotypes resulted with antibiotics which act on the cell surface. Bacitracin was most active against serotype a strains and polymyxin B against serotype b strains. Serotypes a, d, and g were less susceptible than the other serotypes to methicillin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pneumococci: determination of Kirby-Bauer breakpoints for penicillin G, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and rifampin.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of pneumococci is now essential to monitor for the presence of resistance to agents such as the penicillins, macrolides, lincomycins, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. In this study, clinical isolates of a selection of resistant South African strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination and by a modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique, using Mueller-Hinton medium supplemented with 5% horse blood. Disk diffusion breakpoints were determined for penicillin G, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and rifampin. Reliable results were obtained on disk diffusion for all these agents except for penicillin G. With 6-mug penicillin G disks, zones of strains with intermediate penicillin susceptibility overlapped those of sensitive and resistant strains. With 5-mug methicillin disks, clearer separation of strains based on susceptibility to penicillin G occurred. Strains with zones of <35 mm around penicillin G disks and <25 mm around methicillin disks should have penicillin G MICs determined to confirm their resistance to penicillin G. In view of the potential for pneumococci to be resistant to the agents used in this study, antimicrobial susceptibility of all clinically significant isolates should be determined.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1980

Susceptibility of Bacterium actinomycetem comitans to 45 antibiotics.

The minimal inhibitory concentrations of 45 antimicrobial agents were determined for 14 strains of Bacterium actinomycetem comitans (Actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans). All the strains showed good susceptibility to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol, but not to lincomycins. Some strains were clearly resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and nitroimidazoles. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations were observed with tetracycline, rolitetracycline, methacycline, minocycline, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1980

In vitro susceptibility of Haemophilus equigenitalis, the causative organism of contagious equine metritis 1977, to antimicrobial agents.

The in vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates of Haemophilus equigenitalis to various antimicrobial agents was determined by the disk diffusion test and the World Health Organization-International Collaborative Study agar dilution procedure. Ampicillin and tetracycline were the most active drugs. All strains were susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin (Furadantin), and bacitracin. All but two strains were resistant to streptomycin, whereas all strains were susceptible to the other aminocyclitol antibodies. All strains were resistant to clindamycin, lincomycin, and metronidazole.

Animals↗