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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Vocal reaction times to tachistoscopically presented high- and low-frequency verbs: some evidence for selective minor hemisphere linguistic analysis.

The current study investigated the capacity of the right hemisphere to process verbs using a paradigm proven reliable for predicting differential, minor hemisphere lexical analysis in the normal, intact brain. Vocal reaction times of normal subjects were measured to unilaterally presented verbs of high and of low frequency. A significant interaction was noted between the stimulus items and visual fields. Post hoc tests showed that vocal reaction times to verbs of high frequency were significantly faster following right visual-field presentations (right hemisphere). No significant differences in vocal reaction time occurred between the two visual fields for the verbs of low frequency. Also, significant differences were observed between the two types of verbs following left visual-field presentation but not the right. These results were interpreted to suggest that right-hemispheric analysis was restricted to the verbs of high frequency in the presence of a dominant left hemisphere.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Control of "choice" by application of the electromagnetic field equivalents of spoken words: mediation by emotional meaning rather than linguistic dimensions?

Electromagnetic equivalents (about 1 microT) of the acoustic signature of spoken words were applied across the temporoparietal lobes by an array of external solenoids. Participants were asked to select the target word within a group of words. The experimental group of 7 chose the target word or words that shared its emotional dimensions (activation, evaluation) more frequently than did the reference group of 6 who received no electromagnetic equivalents. Implications for the neurocognitive detection of the emotional (connotative) components of word stimuli when transformed to electromagnetic equivalents rather than direct images or "word sounds" are discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1996

Diagnostic classification through the study of linguistic dimensions.

28 patients (17 with lung cancer and 11 with tuberculosis) were analyzed for patterns in their speech which were then compared with those found in healthy control subjects, using a computerized method called RELATEX/RELATAN. The results suggest that speech of patients with tuberculosis expresses evaluations and attitudes more often than that of lung cancer patients and healthy controls. It appears that the computer-oriented method RELATEX/RELATAN can be useful in psycholinguistic research. Suggestions for further research are given.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Linguistic status following closed head injury in children: a follow-up study.

The speech and language functioning of a group of 20 children (aged 8-17) who had sustained a closed head injury at least 12 months previously was assessed with the purpose of developing a comprehensive profile of the type and severity of the long-term speech/language disorders exhibited by this group. The same group of subjects was then re-evaluated 12 months after the initial testing to monitor progress of the closed head-injured group in relation to a group of non-neurologically impaired controls. The subjects were administered a battery of speech/language assessments including articulation/phonological assessment; oromotor assessment; overall language test; and specific language skills assessments. Initial and re-test performance of the head-injured group was compared to that of a group of non-neurologically impaired accident victims matched for age, sex and socioeconomic status. Comparison within the head-injured group of test and re-test performance was also carried out. Overall language performance scores of the head-injured group were found to be consistently significantly lower than achieved by the control group at both initial and re-test stages. Performance of the head-injured group had, however, improved significantly over the 12-month period.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Severe closed-head injury in childhood: linguistic outcomes into adulthood.

The language functioning of a group of adults who had sustained a severe closed-head injury in childhood was evaluated. The subjects were administered a battery of language assessments including measures of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, as well as a measure of metalinguistic ability. Performance of the experimental group was compared with that of a control group matched for age, sex and educational level. Results indicated that all areas of language competence assessed (syntax, semantics, pragmatics) appeared to be compromised by the childhood closed-head injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Early second language acquisition: a comparison of the linguistic output of a pre-school child acquiring English as a second language with that of a monolingual peer.

Two pre-school children were recorded at regular intervals over a 9-month period while playing freely together. One child was acquiring English as a second language, whilst the other was a monolingual English speaker. The sociolinguistic domain was such that the children were likely to be motivated to communicate with each other in English. A variety of quantitative measures were taken from the transcribed data, including measures of utterance type, length, type-token ratios, use of auxiliaries and morphology. The child for whom English was a second language was found to be well able to interact on equal terms with his partner, despite being somewhat less advanced in some aspects of English language development by the end of the sampling period. Whilst he appeared to be consolidating his language skills during this time, his monolingual partner appeared to be developing rapidly. It is hoped that normative longitudinal data of this kind will be of use in the accurate assessment of children from dual language backgrounds, who may be referred for speech and language therapy.

Child Language↗
PubMed1993

A cross-linguistic study of article use by children with specific language impairment.

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) often show limitations in grammatical morphology that exceed their problems in other areas of language. One factor contributing to this difficulty might be the relatively brief durations of many grammatical morphemes. In the present study, this factor was explored by examining the use of articles by a group of French-speaking children with SLI. French differs from other languages studied to date in that the differences in duration between stressed syllables and unstressed syllables, such as articles, are much smaller. The data revealed that French-speaking children with SLI used articles with relatively high percentages equivalent to those seen for a group of normally developing French-speaking children matched according to mean length of utterance. In addition, the percentages seen for the French-speaking children with SLI were substantially higher than those observed for children with SLI who were acquiring Italian and English.

Child↗