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First-line managers: scope of responsibility in a time of fiscal restraint.

Fiscal restraint and government cost control have contributed to the downsizing and restructuring of Canadian health care organizations. As key players in the hospital sector, the role and responsibilities of first-line nurse managers have been significantly affected by these changes. This paper presents data from a survey of 200 first-line nurse managers in British Columbia which investigated the current scope of the first-line manager's role, the number of hierarchical levels within nursing departments, and views on managerial union membership.

British Columbia↗

NLRB ignores congressional mandate, allows bargaining units to multiply.

The NLRB has studiously ignored a congressional mandate that large numbers of bargaining units should not be allowed in hospitals. Health care institutions may force negotiations with eight or nine unions unless the courts take a hard look at bargaining unit determinations.

Facility Regulation and Control↗

Academic tenure and collective bargaining in American dental schools.

In thier survey of organizational structures in American dental schools, Dilts and Fields reported that the organization and administration of dental schools are of importance in the operation and attainment of educational goals. If one institutional goal is to provide faculty with attractive working conditions, then academic tenure and collective bargaining are important. In this respect, dental schools run true to higher education form. Having great variability, tenure systems were reported to be universal in dental schools. On the other hand, collective bargaining was found to be a new phenomenon on trial. The experience of dental schools with academic tenure and the trial of collective bargaining are of some interest to all college educators. Dilts and Fields concluded that "Although dental education is traditional in nature, resisting changes as do other phases of higher education, the results indicate that dental education is dynamic and is responding to internal as well as external needs." Dental educators may wish to follow these tenure and union issues to help determine successful policies for the conditions of dental faculty employment.

Collective Bargaining↗

Unions and health care cost inflation.

Since the 1974 Taft-Hartley amendments gave nonproprietary hospital employees the right to organize and bargain collectively, the rate of growth of work stoppages has decelerated and the number of man days lost has been reduced. Wage rates, earnings differential, and fringe benefits have not been significantly improved by unionization. And little evidence supports the contention that unionization has contributed substantially to the inflation experienced in the health care industry.

Collective Bargaining↗

Regional harmonization of occupational health rules: the European example.

This study of the occupational health law of the European Union looks first at the jurisdiction of the Union and the history and scope of its legislation in this area. The main body of the Article examines the level of protection that is afforded to the workforce under European Union law. The Article first considers the way in which assessment of risk is handled and then passes on to measures that are provided for both preventing and protecting against health risks. It notes the greater role given to protection. The Article also mentions the ancillary measures that are destined to make both prevention and protection effective. Finally, it looks at the Union's detailed provisions for worker involvement in occupational health matters and the more meager ones on employment rights and compensation. The Article ends with a discussion of the problems faced by the Union in enforcing its rules and an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Union's occupational health law. It is suggested that, overall, it deserves a positive judgment.

Accidents, Occupational↗

Students: desperately seeking sponsorship.

NHS employers have cut back radically on the number of health visitors whose training they are prepared to support. 'Your rights at work' examines the difficulties facing nurses embarking on health visitor training and warns of common pitfalls hidden in student contracts. Health visitor students need to be in membership of an appropriate trade union such as the HVA, with specialised experience in dealing with their particular needs and concerns.

Community Health Nursing↗

A closer look: legalities of physician unions.

Last month, we took a look at how physicians feel about unionization; this month we look more closely at the legalities involved. Though it's legal for physicians to form unions, it may not be possible for them to do everything they would like.

Antitrust Laws↗

The changing nature of population education for workers.

The efforts of the International Labour Office (ILO) to educate workers in developing countries about population issues and family planning are discussed. "The author traces the evolution of ILO thinking from population control to family planning to family and community welfare and discusses the rationale for concentrating on the industrial sector, the programmes' orientation, content and methods, and the need to involve personnel managers and trade union leaders in particular."

Demography↗

[Aesthetic surgery: the Union].

The author reports an evaluation and a retrospective study of the union's different activities. A quality approach, a serious commitment, a high level of competence and an openness as seen in the brochure and on the web site are discussed. Survey results carried out on our patients, which explore the perception and image of cosmetic surgery, the methods of recruitment the reputation of the union and the degree of information received by the public are also discussed.

Health Care Surveys↗

Organization and unionization of health workers in the United States: the trade union perspective.

Recent legislation in Washington opened the door to organization and unionization of health workers in voluntary hospitals and highlighted the poor pay and unorganized status of this enormous work force of at least 1.5 million persons, many of whom are women, black, or Spanish-speaking. The authors, who are senior officials of District 1199 of the National Union of Hospital and Health Care Employees, chart the factors associated with the low priority given over the years to organizing hospital workers, and the first breakthroughs, in New York City hospitals, in 1958. From a start with lowest income hospital workers, the subsequent inclusion of technical and professional workers and linkages with the highly publicized hospital workers' strike in Charleston, South Carolina in 1969. The benefits of unionization and the broader social goals of the union are discussed.

Civil Rights↗