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Results for “Epilepsy, Complex Partial”

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At least 1,405 records · Page 78Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Evidence from epileptic patients on the role of the right hemisphere in REM sleep.

Eight highly selected epileptic patients found to have lasting right temporal or temporooccipital rhythmic focal activity during night sleep were reassessed following remission which occurred between a few days and 7 years after the initial finding. In polysomnographic EEG recording, when the patients had extensive epileptic discharges in the right temporal and temporo-occipital regions, a prolonged period of REM sleep occurred (34.1 +/- 7.06% of total sleep time). Following remission, however, disproportion had returned to normal (20.4 +/- 1.75%). These results confirm that intensive focal epileptic activity in the temporal and temporooccipital regions of the right hemisphere during sleep facilitate REM sleep thus indicating a dominant role for the right hemisphere in REM sleep and dreaming.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of central nervous system sarcoidosis, presenting with psychomotor seizure].

A rare case of neurosarcoidosis presenting with psychomotor seizure is reported. A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our ward for further evaluation of syncopal attacks and suspected sarcoidosis. The patient had a history of syncopal attacks for about 15 years prior to admission; however, the pathogenesis was not clarified in spite of various examinations. Three months prior to admission, left peripheral facial nerve palsy, bilateral hypopion and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on plain chest film were noted at the departments of neurosurgery and ophthalmology of our hospital. She was referred and admitted to our ward. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made by scalene node biopsy. The syncopal attacks could not be controlled by several anticonvulsant agents. Although no significant findings were observed on brain CT and cerebral angiography, spike wave was revealed on electroencephalography (EEG) in the parieto-temporal lead. The syncopal attacks were diagnosed psychomotor seizures from both the clinical features and the EEG findings. We concluded that syncope was caused by neurosarcoidosis. The patient was prescribed steroid with much improvement of these symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Positron emission tomography in clinical practice.

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been considered a research tool; however, advances in hardware and software, along with availability of small medical cyclotrons, make clinical metabolic imaging feasible. There is accumulating data, especially in the areas of neurology and cardiology, to support its use in the appropriate clinical setting and patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Consciousness and altered consciousness.

The notion of consciousness in the English scientific literature denotes a global ability to consciously perform elementary and intellectual tasks, to reason, plan, judge and retrieve information as well as the awareness of these functions belonging to the self, that is, being self-aware. consciousness can also be defined as continuous awareness of the external and internal environment, of the past and the present. The meaning of consciousness is different in various languages, but it invariably includes, the conscious person is capable to learn, retrieve and use information. Disturbance or loss of consciousness in the Hungarian medical language indicates decreased alertness or arousability rather than the impairment of the complex mental ability. Awareness denotes the spiritual process of perception and analysis of stimuli from the inner and external world. Alertness is a prerequisite of awareness. Clinical observations suggest that the lesions of specific structures of the brain may lead to specific malfunction of consciousness, therefore, consciousness must be the product of neural activity. "Higher functions" of human mental ability have been ascribed to the prefrontal and parietal association cortices. The paleocerebrum, limbic system and their connections have been considered to be the center of emotions, feelings, attention, motivation and autonomic functions. Recent evidence indicates that these phylogenetically ancient structures play an important role in the processes of acquiring, storing and retrieving information. The hippocampus has a key role in regulating memory, learning, emotion and motivation. Impaired consciousness in the neurological practice is classified based on tests for conscious behavior and by analyzing the following responses: 1. elementary reactions to sensory stimuli--these are impaired in hypnoid unconsciousness, 2. intellectual reactions to cognitive stimuli--these indicate the impairment of cognitive contents in non-hypnoid unconsciousness. Obviously, disturbance of elementary reactions related to alertness and disturbance of intellectual performance overlap. In conditions with reduced ability to react to or to perceive external stimuli the cognitive disturbance of consciousness cannot fully be explored.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Angiomatous meningioma and epilepsy in a 2.6-years-old girl].

A case of meningo-angiomatosis (MA), in a 2.6 -years-old girl with refractory focal and secondary generalized seizures, starting at the age of 2 years, is presented. MRI evaluation revealed a lesion located at the left temporal lobe; the patient underwent surgical intervention. Histology revealed the lesion to have the features of MA.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Induction of pseudoseizures by placing inactive electrodes in the malar regions].

INTRODUCTION: Pseudoseizures are paroxysmal disorders of a psychogenic origin with manifestations that are similar to epileptic seizures. They constitute a pathology that is found relatively often in the clinical practice of neurology. In many cases the diagnostic suspicion of their existence is difficult to confirm. The complementary examination that proves to be most useful in diagnosing them is video electroencephalogram (video-EEG). CASE REPORTS: We report the cases of seven patients who were referred to our service with a clinical suspicion of pseudoseizures. Placing electrodes with an inactive surface-coating over the two malar regions during a video-EEG study enabled us to trigger in all patients (by means of suggestion) the appearance of a clinical picture that was similar to those that initially gave rise to the request for an examination. Suggestion was also employed to limit the time they lasted by getting the patient to resolve the episode. In all the cases the trace of the simultaneous electroencephalogram showed no pathological findings. CONCLUSIONS: Placing inactive electrodes on malar regions is a method for inducing pseudoseizures that is harmless, easily applicable, readily available and economical, and which has not been reported in the literature. Video-EEG monitoring time is reduced using this approach. It provides evidence that a specific seizure phenomenon can be induced and resolved by suggestion techniques, which is a fact that is very useful in the diagnosis of pseudoseizures.

Adolescent↗