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PubMed2005

Utilization of health social work services by older immigrants and veterans in Israel.

The authors examined factors related to utilization of health social work services among older immigrants from the former Soviet Union and veteran residents of Israel, using Andersen's behavioral model. A sample of 476 patients age 55 and older was interviewed. The immigrants and veterans had similar backgrounds, but immigrants had fewer resources and higher need. Veteran Israelis were twice as likely to have been in contact with a hospital social worker. Factors related to seeing a social worker were male gender, social network size (no network or large network), activity limitations, and sick days. The main barriers to contacting a social worker stemmed from information problems. The findings have implications for providing services in areas with large numbers of immigrants.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Cervical cancer educational pamphlets: Do they miss the mark for Mexican immigrant women's needs?

The rate of invasive cervical cancer in US Hispanic women is nearly doubled that of non-Hispanics. Using in-depth interviews and content/grade level analysis of educational materials, this study explores the relevance of cervical cancer education materials to the needs of Mexican immigrant women. It also addresses health literacy issues that create barriers to learning. Findings show aspects of language, content, reading level, structure, and visual images in 22 cervical cancer pamphlets from 11 health care sites in a Midwest city were not relevant to the learning needs or health literacy levels of local Mexican immigrant women. Further research is recommended to establish an evidence base regarding optimal presentation of key elements of the cervical cancer educational message for Mexican immigrant women.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The health of foreign workers in Italy.

At the beginning of 2002, there were 1,600,000 foreign-born persons living in Italy; the majority from countries outside Europe. Those residing in the country for working purposes were 800,680. Italy's shift to a tertiary and service-oriented economy has considerably modified the working market, concentrating demand at two extremes: on one hand, a highly specialized workforce, and on the other, a totally unqualified, mobile, and flexible one, which includes most immigrants.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1999

Measles, Hmong, and metaphor: culture change and illness management under conditions of immigration.

When 19 Hmong families and three healers in St. Paul, Minnesota, were interviewed regarding their understanding of measles and the ways in which they cared for children with the disease, their responses spanned the range between Hmong animistic cosmology and Western theories of disease. The metaphors of growth that were used to describe the disease link language, cosmology, causation, body processes, and illness management practices. This study discusses the themes of cyclical time, disease-causing spirits, the natural/supernatural dichotomy, and agricultural metaphors as applied to disease, as well as the growing adaptation to, use of, and interpretation of Western medicine by these immigrants.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Immigration status and health insurance coverage: who gains? Who loses?

OBJECTIVES: We compared health insurance status transitions of nonimmigrants and immigrants. METHODS: We used multivariate survival analysis to examine gaining and losing insurance by citizenship and legal status among adults with the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey. RESULTS: We found significant differences by citizenship and legal status in health insurance transitions. Undocumented immigrants were less likely to gain and more likely to lose insurance compared with native-born citizens. Legal residents were less likely to gain and were slightly more likely to lose insurance compared with native-born citizens. Naturalized citizens did not differ from native-born citizens. CONCLUSIONS: Previous studies have not examined health insurance transitions by citizenship and legal status. Policies to increase coverage should consider the experiences of different immigrant groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Suicide ideation among recent immigrants to Israel from the former Soviet Union: an epidemiological survey of prevalence and risk factors.

This paper reports results of a national community survey of self-reported suicide ideation and attempts and their relation to psychological distress, depression, social support, and adjustment difficulties in a sample of recent immigrants from the former Soviet Union (FSU) to Israel. Using a door-to-door sampling procedure, a sample of 788 Russian-born Jewish immigrants, ages 18-74 years, was selected to match the age and sex structure of the total immigrant population. An indigenous sample of Jews in Russia (n = 411) was matched with the immigrants for comparison. Parameters of interest were measured with the Demographic Inventory, Talbieh Brief Distress Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The 1-month prevalence rate of suicide ideation in the immigrant sample (15.1%) was found to be significantly higher than that in Russian controls (6.6%). A total of 5.5% of immigrants but only 0.5% of controls had made a suicide attempt at some time in their lives. Risk factors for suicide ideation included younger age, living without a spouse, low level of social support, being a physician or teacher, a history of immigration from the Baltic countries or Moscow, or duration of stay in Israel from 2 to 3 years. The strongest risk factors were higher level of psychological distress and symptoms such as depression, hostility, and paranoid ideation. These findings can be used as a point of departure for the development of community-based suicide prevention programs for recent immigrants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Zoonoses among immigrants].

During the last ten years Denmark has received an increasing number of immigrants, especially from the Balkans, the Middle East, and Somalia. Some of these may suffer from the zoonoses occurring in their country of origin. But apart from echinococcosis, zoonoses in these immigrants do not seem to pose a quantitatively greater problem than in Danes who have visited these areas. However it is important to have a knowledge of the symptoms and mode of transmission of zoonoses occurring in areas where the immigrants come from.

Brucellosis↗
PubMed1992

The post-1965 Korean immigrants: their characteristics and settlement patterns.

The authors present an overview of immigration from South Korea to the United States since 1965, "based on data issued by the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the U.S. Bureau of the Census. It will focus on trends in patterns of Korean immigration over the past 25 years, characteristics of the new immigrants, and their settlement patterns. It will use graphs and charts as well as tables.... This paper basically provides descriptive information on the post-1965 Korean immigrants."

Asia↗
PubMed1994

Canada's unemployment-immigration linkage: demographic, economic, and political influences.

"This paper rejects Veugelers and Klassen's initial suggestion that greater concern with demographic considerations might provide a useful explanation for their empirical finding of a post-1989 change in the unemployment-immigration linkage [in Canada] and offers alternative explanations consistent with economic and, especially, sociological-political theories. It shows how elements of Hawkins's (1988) ¿bureaucratic control' and Simmons and Keohane's (1991) ¿political legitimacy' theories can be combined to explain both continuity and change in Canada's postwar immigration policy."

Americas↗
PubMed1989

Female immigrants and labor in colonial Malaya: 1860-1947.

"The role of Chinese and Indian women as immigrants and workers in colonial Malaya is examined using data from censuses, immigration records, official reports and secondary sources. The article discusses the main types of work of female immigrants and their contribution to the economic development of colonial Malaya during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in an attempt to redress the neglect of female immigrants' economic role in Malaya's history. Comparisons between male and female immigrants' labor and between Chinese and Indian immigrants, are drawn to highlight the different conditions of migration and labor for the different groups of immigrants."

Asia↗
PubMed1996

On the political economy of immigration.

The authors "study how immigration policies that impose capital and skill requirements would be determined under majority voting when native agents differ in their wealth holdings and vote to maximize their income". The results of the model calculations indicate that "the native population will be polarized between those who would like an immigration policy to maximize the domestic capital-labor ratio and those who would like an immigration policy that would minimize it".

Attitude↗
PubMed1998

Why do rich countries prefer free trade over free migration? The role of the modern welfare state.

"According to traditional trade theory (Heckscher-Ohlin), free trade and free migration are equivalent measures of economic integration leading both to an equalization of factor prices. This prediction is in sharp opposition to the observed preference of rich countries for free trade over free migration. We provide an explanation for this inconsistency: the redistribution policies in the countries. Social welfare in countries with a relatively small number of low-skilled native workers is higher with free trade than with free migration due to redistribution of income towards immigrating workers."

Commerce↗
PubMed1984

The politics of immigration reform.

The US is the target for international migration, now more than ever. Population growth and economic stragnation in the Third World are increasing the pressures for out-migration, and current immigration law is wholly incapable of responding to the ever increasing flow of illegal immigrants. Border apprehensions of illegal aliens in the US were up 40% during 1983, and total apprehensions reached 1.25 million by the year's end. Recent public opinion polls have disclosed that an overwhelming majority of the American public demands immigration reform, and yet we as a nation have been distinctly unwilling or unable to respond to this clear public sentiment. This paper discusses the politics of the "Simpson-Mazzoli" Immigration Reform and Control Act, previous immigration legislation, current counterproposals for US immigration policy, and the political realities of immigration reform.

Americas↗
PubMed1995

The message of 187: facing up to illegal immigration.

The author makes the case that the adoption of Proposition 187, the anti-illegal immigrant initiative, in California in 1994 was "an expression of public frustration with a government and civil society that seem out of touch and out of control, and with external convulsions that our borders can no longer contain." He suggests that the general public is increasingly concerned about the services provided to illegal aliens and their costs, and that responsible leadership should admit that illegal immigration, even at current levels, is not an unmitigated evil, and be prepared to set and enforce immigration limits.

Americas↗
PubMed1992

Estimates of long-term immigration to the United States: moving US statistics toward United Nations concepts.

US immigration data are revised to reflect the UN demographic concept of long-term immigration. Long-term immigration is measured by the number of new immigrants (permanent resident aliens) arriving in the year, temporary migrant arrivals (nonimmigrants) who subsequently adjust to permanent resident status, arrivals of asylees and refugees, and nonimmigrants who arrive during the year and stay for more than twelve months before departing. The estimates of long-term immigration for 1983 are compared to official INS statistics on alien immigration. Significant differences emerge according to country of origin, age, and state of intended residence. A method of producing current estimates of long-term immigration is illustrated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Norwegian and immigrant patients at a health care center. Are there real differences?].

Routine data from a Primary Health Care Centre in Oslo have been analysed to find differences between Norwegian and immigrant patients. We compared frequencies of diagnoses, as well as pattern and outcome of contacts (laboratory-tests, referrals and follow-up appointments). The two patient groups showed different age and gender distribution. There were fewer children, more elderly and more women among the Norwegians than among the immigrants. This explains the differences in the pattern of contact, and its outcome. Differences in the distribution of diagnoses also depended on group related factors other than the unequal age and gender distribution. The higher frequency of non-specific conditions among immigrants and mental diseases among Norwegians were due to group-specific factors alone. The first of these differences is interpreted as a sign of poor communication between the doctor and the immigrant patients. More seldom than expected, the differences were related to other factors than age and gender distribution. It is therefore important to focus also on similarities when comparing native and immigrant patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Dominican concepts of health and illness.

It is essential that primary health care providers be familiar with the cultural surroundings from which a person emerges. The Dominican immigrants, like all immigrants, bring with them a whole value and belief system concerning health, illness, and disease prevention. Through a better understanding of that belief system, the primary health care provider can offer a more meaningful interaction with the Dominican immigrant population.

Attitude to Health↗