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PubMedDate not supplied

Impaired dentofacial development after radiotherapy of a non-Hodgkin lymphoma: report of case.

Since the advances in therapy of childhood malignancies have improved life expectancy attention is now increasingly focused on the long-term effects of antineoplastic therapy. Developmental abnormalities due to antineoplastic therapy have been claimed to preferentially occur in children treated before the age of six years. This report of a case demonstrates severe developmental disturbances following radiotherapy of a cervical non-Hodgkin lymphoma at the age of eight years. The morphological changes included microdontia, root shortening, blunting and thinning as well as mandibular hypoplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Pharma clinics. How I treat...dental emergencies in general practice].

Counselling and drug prescription are the only means for the phycisian to manage dental emergencies. Among these, some are infection related: pulpitis, apical and periodontal abscesses, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and alveolitis. Urgent medical treatment includes antibiotics, mouth rinses and analgesics except for pulpitis (pain caused by thermal stimuli) for which analgesics alone are prescribed. Infection non related dental emergencies are: hemorrhage for which the best treatment is compression; trauma, mainly dental avulsion for which reimplantation must be done as soon as possible; acute TMD such as open lock which can be reduced by the Nelaton handling.

Emergency Treatment↗
PubMed2000

Emergency dental service is still needed--also for regular attenders within a comprehensive insurance system.

The aim of this study was to describe types of, and reasons for, emergency visits for regular dental attenders in the Public Dental Health Services (PDHS). The study was based on data from 895 consecutive emergency episodes collected from four PDHS clinics in the county of Ostergötland, Sweden, during a six-month period in 1994/95. Forty per cent of the dental emergency visits included children and adolescents. The most common reasons for attending were material fractures (29%), tooth fractures (19%), pain (19%) and dental traumas (12%). Seventy-three per cent of all patients and 60% of children and adolescents knew the next scheduled revision appointment. In 85% of the cases care-givers and patients were in agreement regarding the urgency of the visit. The care-givers considered 14% of the visits non-urgent, only in 1% they felt that the patient should have come earlier. The results show that emergency visits are common among regular dental care patients, but are dominated nowadays more by answering patients' questions and less by pain relief. Via systematic follow-ups and better learning from the experiences of those who seek emergency dental care, routines could be further developed and considerable benefits achieved concerning both perceived service quality and cost-effectiveness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Ice hockey accidents].

The present study is based on 2680 ice hockey accidents encountered in Switzerland over a period of 5 years: 1880 injuries during matches are compared with 800 that took place in training. Age: the athletes injuried during training were younger that 20 in 40% of cases; 38% of injuries in matches occurred to players aged between 20 and 24. 25% of accidents were caused by blows from the stick, particularly as a result of "high sticking"; 5% by skates; 17% by the puck (hard rubber); 17% by collisions; the remainder by crashing against the barrier, falls on the ice, body checking, etc. The most frequent injuries (42%) involved head and face: 740 dental injuries about of the 1460 facial injuries and 160 cases of concussion. The injuries affected: the legs in 21% of cases; the feet in 11%; the arms in 11%; the hands in 7% and the trunk in 8%. The commonest types of injuries were crushings and bruisings; during matches, 13% of the 1880 lesions involved fractures, a quarter of which were the result of collisions. Preventive measures would require all players to wear a helmet to protect their head, face and mouth; protective barriers should be sufficiently high; the game and rules should be taught from school age on and fair play should be instilled.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[The use of glass ionomer cements in endodontics].

Glass ionomer cements are currently used in endodontic therapy for sealing root canals (orthogradely and retrogradely), for sealing and restoring the pulp chamber, for repairing perforations and root resorption defects, and, rarely, for treating vertically fractured teeth. The successful use of these cements is the result of their particular characteristics: a chemical bond to dentin, which enhances the seal of the root canal and the reinforcement of the tooth; a good biocompatibility in the periradicular area and a fluoride release without loss of strength of the material. The fluoride release imparts an antimicrobial effect to combat root canal infection and attributes to bone mineralization after surgery. The present paper reviews the literature regarding the various applications of glass ionomer cements in present-day endodontics.

Dental Leakage↗
PubMed2001

[Effect of experimentally induced trauma to the incisors in rats].

The purpose of this study was to produce developmental lesions of enamel in rats by a quick and simple method and to examine the enamel hypoplasia caused by trauma. 4-day-old and 3-week-old Wistar rats were used. Trauma was produced by needle pricking and hitting on the mandibula. After one week incisors were removed together with jaws and prepared for microradiography, X-ray diffraction, light microscope and transmission electron microscope examination. Microradiographic findings in the needle pricking group revealed hypocalcified and hypoplastic enamel. The incidence was 73.7%. In the hitting group of 4-day-old rats the incidence was lower, 70.0%. Microradiographic findings in this group were diffuse hypoplasia in the surface enamel. Hitting of 3-week-old rats produced no enamel hypoplasia. Crystallinity of hypoplastic enamel was reduced in both a-axis and c-axis direction. Histological findings in 4-day-old rats revealed disarranged and detached ameloblasts at location trauma. These results indicate that a needle pricking method involving secretory stage ameloblasts of 4-day-old rat incisors can induce a considerable amount of enamel hypoplasia.

Ameloblasts↗
PubMed1999

Minimally invasive restorative treatment.

Minimally invasive restorative treatment implements need-, damage-, and risk-balanced dental care while ensuring that the ends and means are reconciled. Using examples from initial treatment of carious lesions, maintenance and correction of existing restorations, treatment of traumatic damage, and direct color and form correction of teeth, a preventively offensive and restoratively defensive treatment concept is presented. Such a concept demands of the dentist greater diagnostic efforts and more highly differentiated employment of invasive treatment methods. Demands on the patients are greater as well: they must be willing to comply with regular post-treatment examinations. In return, one receives the option of minimizing the sacrifice of maintainable hard tooth structures and avoiding extensive, large-scale dental procedures.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed2000

Decoronation: how, why, and when?

Decoronation is a surgical method for treating ankylosed incisors in children and adolescents. The crown and root filling are removed, leaving the root in situ to be resorbed and covered with a mucoperiosteal flap. Early loss of a permanent tooth leads to loss of alveolar bone, especially in buccopalatal width. Decoronation preserves not only the width of the ridge but also the vertical height.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Treatment methods for fractures of the mandibular angle.

Fractures of the mandibular angle are plagued with the highest rate of complication of all mandibular fractures. Over the past 8 years, the following six accepted forms of treatment for these fractures were performed on an indigent inner-city population: closed reduction or intra-oral open reduction and nonrigid fixation; extraoral open reduction and internal fixation with an AO/ASIF reconstruction bone plate; and intraoral open reduction and internal fixation using either two 2.0 mm minidynamic compression plates, two 2.4 mm mandibular dynamic compression plates, two noncompression miniplates, or a single noncompression miniplate. This article reviews the results of those treatment modalities when used for the same patient population at one hospital. Results show that the use of either an extraoral open reduction and internal fixation with the AO/ASIF reconstruction plate or intraoral open reduction and internal fixation using a single miniplate was associated with the fewest complications.

Bone Plates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental emergencies in a university-based pediatric dentistry postgraduate outpatient clinic: a retrospective study.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence and types of dental emergencies occurring in a university-based, pediatric dentistry postgraduate outpatient clinic. All patients presenting for emergency dental care during scheduled clinic hours over a three year were identified, and their charts were retrieved. Each record was reviewed for demographic information, chief complaint and clinical diagnosis. Only those charts with both chief complaints and clinical diagnoses recorded were included in this study. A total of 816 patients received emergency care, representing 15.3 percent of all patient treated during the study period. The patient population had a slight female predilection (53 percent female, 47 percent male) and a mean age of 5.1 years (range 10 days to 15 years). Ethnicity (39 percent African-American, 36 percent Hispanic, 24 percent Caucasian <1 percent Asian-American) was similar to that for the clinic in general. Reimbursement for dental care was primarily via Medicaid (91 percent) with <10 percent covered by insurance or payment by responsible parents. For one quarter of the children, the emergency visit was their first dental visit. Reasons for seeking emergency included 1) pain or discomfort due to caries [30.1 percent] with 27 percent due to early childhood caries; 2) dental trauma [23 percent];3) eruption difficulties [18 percent] with 27 percent due to early childhood caries; 2) dental trauma [23 percent];3 eruption difficulties [18 percent];4) soft tissue pathoses [16 percent]; 5) problems with orthodontic appliances or space maintainers [10 percent]; and 6) lost restorations [2 percent]. Pain and bleeding were the most common reasons for seeking emergency dental care. Most causes for seeking outpatient emergency dental care are disease processes which may be avoided by infant oral health and preventive dentistry programs and early treatment intervention.

Academic Medical Centers↗