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At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The relationship between cervical enamel projection and class II furcation defects in humans.

The purposes of the present study were to examine the frequency of cervical enamel projection in mandibular molars with class II furcation defects and to examine the response of these teeth to guided tissue regeneration procedures. Probing depth and vertical and horizontal periodontal attachment levels were recorded with a constant-force electronic periodontal probe. Following surgical exposure of the bifurcation and prior to membrane placement, the cervical enamel projection was examined and then graded clinically; photographs were taken to allow further examination of the bifurcation. An overall improvement in clinical parameters was observed in most sites. Cervical enamel projection was present in 82.1% of all molars examined. Grade II was the most prevalent (34.8%). Patients with any degree of cervical enamel projection demonstrated significantly higher mean probing depths at baseline than did patients without cervical enamel projection. Likewise, pretreatment probing attachment levels were higher in patients with some degree of cervical enamel projection. However, greater posttreatment horizontal and vertical attachment gains were observed in sites with a baseline cervical enamel projection.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1998

Novel compound heterozygous mutations in the plectin gene in epidermolysis bullosa with muscular dystrophy and the use of protein truncation test for detection of premature termination codon mutations.

Absence of plectin, a large cytoskeleton-associated protein expressed in the skin and muscle, has been shown to underlie epidermolysis bullosa with muscular dystrophy (EB-MD), an autosomal recessive disorder (OMIM No. 226670). In the present study, we report the case of a patient who presented with neonatal blistering and late-onset muscular dystrophy with nail and tooth abnormalities, as well as severe mucocutaneous involvement including laryngeal webs and urethral strictures, features not previously reported in this syndrome. Mutation detection, based on the use of heteroduplex analysis, revealed that the proband was a compound heterozygote for two plectin mutations, 4416delC/4359ins13, both resulting in premature termination codons in the plectin rod domain. Because these mutations, and the majority of those previously reported, reside within exon 32 of the plectin gene (PLEC1), we applied the protein truncation test (PTT) to screen for mutations in the two large 3' exons (nos. 32 and 33) of PLEC1, which together comprise approximately 75% of the coding region of the gene. PTT readily detected truncated polypeptides in the proband profiled in this study, as well as in a patient in whom we have previously identified premature termination codon mutations in exon 32. Thus, PTT provides a rapid and reliable strategy to identify premature termination codon mutations from genomic DNA within PLEC1.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fragile 'X' syndrome. A case study.

Fragile 'X' syndrome also known as the Martin-Bell syndrome or the marker 'X' syndrome is an 'X'-linked disorder with connective tissue dysplasia and varying degree of mental retardation. A case of this syndrome with characteristic Martin-Bell phenotype is presented. Oral features as yet unmentioned are added.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Dens evaginatus: review of the literature and report of several clinical cases.

Dens evaginatus (DE) presents as an innocuous looking tubercle of enamel on the occlusal surface of a tooth, most commonly a bicuspid. Problems can arise when the tubercle is either worn, ground, or fractured off, resulting in pulpal exposure and possible loss of vitality of the tooth. Dentists who perform orthodontic treatment should be aware of this dental anomaly, which occurs in at least two per cent of the Asian and Native Indian populations. Bicuspid extraction cases should involve the extraction of the anomalous premolars rather than the normal ones. In addition, the dentist should be mindful of occlusal changes that may occur during treatment or occlusal equilibration, both of which can jeopardize the vitality of teeth with DE. Pulp capping or partial pulpotomy has been postulated to be one of the most reliable forms of vital tooth treatment when pulp exposure is encountered following the sterile removal of the tubercle. When pulp exposure is not encountered, preventive resin composite sealing of the dentin or class I amalgam cavity preparation seems to be the treatment of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Complex odontome in deciduous dentition.

A three-year-old boy reported to the Dept. of Pedodontics with the complaint of swelling in the lower left side of the mouth. The radiographic and histologic study revealed the case to be a complex odontome which is rare in deciduous dentition.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

A family case report: disturbances in tooth form and eruption of the second premolar.

This report describes a family who demonstrated anomalies of tooth form and eruption of the lower second premolar. Observation of the second premolars remaining in the mother's and father's dentitions included ectopic eruption with impaction and substantial spacing between the first and second premolars. Four siblings were also examined--three boys aged 15, 14 and 12 years, and one girl aged 11 years. Anomalies of the second premolar recorded in the males and female include: congenital absence, ectopic eruption with impaction, delayed eruption and spacing. Associated anomalies included: congenital absence of other permanent teeth and spacing. It appears that the defect in tooth form and eruption is of a genetic origin, affecting both males and females. The condition(s) did not appear to be associated with a syndrome and the human papilloma virus lesions noted in all family members were not considered to be related to the dental defects. This family demonstrated two anomalies of the lower second premolar: congenital absence and disturbance in tooth eruption. The question raised by this case report is whether these two anomalies are inherited as separate traits or whether failure of tooth eruption is a variation in expression of the same genetic factor that results in oligodontia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence of congenital dental anomalies of the deciduous dentition in Japanese children.

We examined the prevalence of anomalies in deciduous dentition in 2,733 Japanese three-year-old children. The results showed that fused teeth occurs in 4.10%, congenital missing teeth in 2.38%, enamel hypoplasia in 1.50%, peg-shaped teeth in 0.55%, palatal cusps in upper deciduous incisors in 0.37%, supernumerary teeth in 0.07%, and color anomalies in 0.07%. Sixty-nine boys and 43 girls had fused teeth, percentages of 4.88 and 3.26, respectively. This difference was significant. All the fused teeth were located in the anterior region and were more frequent in the mandibular than in the maxillary arch. In the mandibular arch, 50 cases involved the lateral incisor and canine; the central incisor and lateral incisor were fused in 48 instances. There were 30 boys (2.12%) and 35 girls (2.65%) with congenitally missing deciduous teeth. This difference was not significant. Unilateral missing teeth were more frequently observed than bilateral missing ones. The lower lateral deciduous incisor was the most frequently missing tooth. The prevalences of fused teeth and congenital missing teeth were significantly higher in this study than in studies of American and Scandinavian children. These two anomalies are tending to increase in frequency in Japan.

Anodontia↗
PubMed1997

Anatomical variations in the dentition of the domestic cat.

Skulls (n = 155) of adult domestic cats were examined macroscopically and anatomical variations were documented. The maxillary second premolar tooth was absent in 7.9% of cases, and was found to have a single root in 27.7%, partly fused roots in 55.1% and two fully formed roots in 9.2% of cases. The maxillary first molar tooth was absent in 2.3% of cases; a single root was present in 35.0%, a partly fused root in 34.7%, and two roots in 28.0% of cases. Supernumerary roots were found on the maxillary third premolar teeth in 10.3% of cases. Other variations were found to be extremely rare.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Panoramic radiography using an intraoral tube. Method, anatomy, radiography and dosimetry].

BACKGROUND: There are two techniques giving a panoramic view of the dental arch: orthopantomography and intraoral tube panoramic radiography. The last one is not very well known because images, with a characteristic and variable deformity if compared with orthopantomography are not useful for routinary use in dentistry. The poor radiographic and pathologic anatomy knowledge of intraoral tube panoramic radiography, and the slight improvements brought to the method particularly in order to reduce the dose, partly depend on the scant attention given to the method by investigators, and partly on the dyshomogeneous anatomic sites enlargement and overlapping with consequent deformity of all of them. With intraoral tube panoramic radiography, X-ray exposition is emitted using a miniaturized cylindrical source placed inside the oral cavity and the radiographic film is in contact with the skin of the face. Based on the orientation of the collimator and the inclination of the tube major axis in the oral cavity, a central technique (exposition of either superior or inferior dental arch) and a lateral technique (simultaneous exposition of the two hemiarches of the same side) are recognized. The aim of this study is to give a significative contribution to maxillo-facial characteristic appearance and dosimetry knowledge in intraoral tube panoramic radiography. METHODS: It consists of: a) a "laboratory" part concerning the evaluation of the enlargement, deformation and visibility of different structures, obtained by positioning about fifty different markers in different maxillary and mandibular anatomic sites, and b) an in vivo dosimetry part obtained with intraoral and extraoral termoluminiscent dosimeters. An original dispositive allowed the right positioning of the film and its adherence to the screen. Deformity characteristics are analitically described and discussed in relation with the different sites. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The use of intensifying screens allowed a good reduction of dose, (mean absorbed doses ranging from 25 microGy in the intraoral sites to 1936 microGy in the extraoral sites) without reducing the image quality thanks to the device performed "ad hoc".

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMed1998

Treatment options for the radicular lingual groove: a review and discussion.

The radicular lingual groove (RLG) is a developmental anomaly in which an infolding of the inner enamel epithelium and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath create a groove that passes from the cingulum of maxillary incisors apically onto the root. Radicular lingual grooves can create periodontal and pulpal pathology, but they may be difficult to identify as an etiological factor. This article identifies the diagnostic and treatment modalities for the various forms of RLGs and describes the prognosis that can be anticipated with each treatment modality.

Dental Enamel↗
PubMed1998

An overview of dental care for the young patient: 3. Treatment measures.

In this final part of the series the reasons for providing high-quality restorations for the young patient are considered. For such treatment to be successful it must be underpinned by effective management of the child's behaviour. Appropriate techniques and materials for a range of commonly encountered situations are discussed, with particular emphasis on the restoration of carious teeth.

Behavior Therapy↗