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[The in vivo pediculicidal efficac of Prioderm Cream Shampoo formulation].
BACKGROUND: Head louse infestations are prevalent worldwide. Over the past 20-25 years, 15-20% of all children in Israel between 4 and 13 years of age have been infested with head lice. This is mainly due to the existence of ineffective pediculicides on the market. OBJECTIVE: To examine the pediculicidal efficacy and safety of Prioderm Cream Shampoo in an open clinical study. METHODS: The active ingredient of Prioderm Cream Shampoo is malathion (1%) and it was applied to the hair of infested children three times for 10 minutes at 5-day intervals. RESULTS: Of 419 children examined, aged 6-14 years, from four schools in Jerusalem, 109 (26.0%) were infested with lice and eggs, while 110 (26.3%) were infested only with nits. All 109 louse-infested children were included in the study while 86 (78.8%) complied with the instructions for use. Treatment was successful in 79 children (91.8%), while failure was observed in 3 children after the first treatment and in 4 children after the third treatment. Although 21.5% of the children disliked the odor of the product, there were no significant side effects related to this formulation. CONCLUSIONS: The product was very effective in controlling louse infestations under clinical conditions and caused no serious side effects.
[Pediatric head lice: taxonomy, incidence, resistance, delousing].
Based on the current knowledge, head louse (Pediculus capitis) and body louse (Pediculus humanus) are two different species that infest specific parts of the human body and do not interbreed in vivo. In 1991-2002, 6 257 cases of pediculosis were reported in the Czech Republic while 3 138 000 pediculicide packagings, i.e. about 500 times as many as the number of cases, were marketed. Between October 2004 and February 2005, a total of 531 children aged between 6 and 15 years from 16 selected schools in the Zlín and Olomouc regions were screened by dry hair combing. Living lice were detected in 14.1% of the enrolled children and dead nits alone were observed in other 9.8% of the subjects. In vitro tests revealed that the collected head lice were highly resistant to malathion, the active ingredient of Diffusil H 92 M. The number of reported cases of pediculosis roughly doubled in 2005.
Folliculitis decalvans treated with radiation therapy.
A 33-year-old black man presented with folliculitis decalvans resistant to multiple oral and topical therapies. The patient ultimately responded to radiation therapy.
Psoriatic conditions and their treatment.
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Head lice therapies revisited.
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Clinical efficacy of a new ciclopiroxolamine/zinc pyrithione shampoo in scalp seborrheic dermatitis treatment.
Ciclopiroxolamine (CPO) and Zinc Pirythione (ZP) antifungals are efficient at treating scalp seborrheic dermatitis. This multicentre, single-blind, clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a shampoo containing the 1.5% CPO/1% ZP association compared to the vehicle shampoo and to 2% ketoconazole foaming gel in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. In 189 patients randomised to apply 1 of the 3 products twice a week for 28 days, the global lesional score, erythema, pruritus, global efficacy, quality of life (SF12 and DLQI questionnaires) and tolerance were measured at 0, 7, 14 and 28 days. The 3 products reduced lesional score, erythema and pruritus from day 7 (p < 0.0001). The 2 antifungal treatments were significantly more efficient than the vehicle in reducing lesional score, erythema and pruritus at day 14 (p < 0.0001). At day 7, the CPO/ZP shampoo was more efficient in reducing pruritus than ketoconazole gel and vehicle (p = 0.032 and p < 0.001, respectively). The global efficacy of the 2 antifungal treatments assessed at day 28 by both investigator and patient was significantly better than that of the vehicle. Only the CPO/ZP shampoo improved all DLQI questionnaire dimensions. The CPO/ZP shampoo was as rapid and efficient as ketoconazole gel in SD treatment.
[The prevalence of Pediculus capitis in students of eight primary schools in the rural area of the Kayseri province].
This study was performed, from May-June 2005, on 648 (51.4%) males and 613 (48.6%) females making total of 1261 students from eight primary schools in following towns, Yemliha, Mahzemin, Gesi, Güneşli, Cirgalan, and Ağirnas, in the rural area of the Kayseri Province. Either the adult or egg forms of Pediculus humanus var. capitis were found in 16 (2.1%) male students and 101 (16.4%), female making a total of 117 (9.1%) students. The prevalence of infestation was significantly higher in girls than in boys, the difference was found statistically significant (chi2=71.77, p < 0.05). In these eight primary schools the prevalence rate of infestation was also found statistically significant (chi 2= 95.7, p < 0.05). In conclusion, Pediculus capitis is still a public health problem. For an effective fight against this disease, students, teachers and parents must be acquainted with this subject and also surveillance must be increased.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
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Health tips. Controlling dandruff.
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Trying to keep ahead of lice: a therapeutic challenge.
Pediculosis capitis, or head lice, is a world-wide public health concern affecting persons of all ages and socioeconomic backgrounds. It is caused by Pediculus humanus capitis, an obligate ectoparasite that lives on human hair and feeds on the blood from the skin. Upon diagnosis, treatment should be initiated, since established infestations with head lice generally do not spontaneously resolve. Chemical pediculicides are currently the standard treatment, however, issues of resistance have made it necessary to explore new alternatives. If an infestation is resistant to these drugs, then the physician should consider treating with an agent from a different class of pediculicides or, potentially, with newer nonpediculicides.
[Scalp necrosis in temporal arteritis].
BACKGROUND: Temporal arteritis is a systemic granulomatous vasculitis affecting large and medium sized arteries. Scalp necrosis is a rare complication that can appear before, during and after treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A patient with temporal arteritis and scalp necrosis is presented and relevant literature reviewed. RESULTS: Scalp necrosis is seen in a few patients with temporal arteritis. The skin manifestations are most often bilaterally distributed and localised to the frontal, parietal and temporal parts of the scalp. Scalp necrosis often signifies a severe and extensive vasculitis, and is therefore associated with a high incidence of other disease-related complications, among them visual disturbances and blindness. CONCLUSION: Awareness of scalp necrosis as a complication of temporal arteritis could reduce unnecessary time-consuming assessments and lead to a more rapid diagnosis and start of treatment.
Infection of fetal scalp electrode monitoring sites.
Complications caused by placement of a fetal scalp electrode include trauma, hemorrhage and infection. Infections are usually localized and self-limited, but they can occasionally lead to serious complications, such as osteomyelitis, sepsis and death. The recommended treatment for a scalp abscess is incision and drainage, followed by appropriate antibiotic therapy. If a serious infection is suspected, the infant should be hospitalized, blood cultures obtained and intravenous antibiotic therapy initiated.
Immunofluorescence abnormalities in lichen planopilaris.
BACKGROUND: Lichen planopilaris is believed to be a variant of lichen planus because both diseases have similar histologic features. However, as the clinical features of the two diseases differ, we conducted immunofluorescence studies to examine the relation between the two conditions more closely. OBSERVATIONS: Direct immunofluorescence was performed on scalp lesions of seven patients with lichen planopilaris. All had abnormal linear deposits of Ig restricted to the basement membrane zone of hair follicles. The deposits consisted of only IgG or IgA in five patients (70%) and of IgG in combination with other Igs in two patients (30%). Basement membrane zone deposits of fibrin were present in only one patient (14%) and were linear in appearance. There was no staining of ovoid bodies. These immunofluorescence abnormalities differ from those associated with lichen planus where basement membrane zone deposits of fibrin are present in almost all patients, where the basement membrane zone deposits are fibrillar in appearance, and where the deposits of Ig over ovoid bodies are common. CONCLUSIONS: The different appearance and composition of abnormal deposits of immunoreactants in lichen planopilaris and lichen planus suggest that the two conditions are different diseases.
Cutis verticis gyrata and pachydermoperiostosis: demonstration with computed tomography.
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[Pomade crust of the scalp simulating cornu cutaneum].
A 63-year-old woman with a history of exaggerated use of topical skin care products of post-traumatic scarring alopecia presented with a monstrous cutaneous horn-like pomade crust of the scalp hidden beneath a wig. The crust consisted of corneocytes and bacterial debris. Pomade crusts have not been described previously in this localization. They are usually found in the inguinal or gluteal folds of infants, and occasionally in other body regions, e.g., on the face of adults.
[Myiasis of wounds of long-haired skin in two children in Tlemcen].
Two children with a neglected scalp and sitting near a rubbish tip have seen ulcerations of the scalp appear in which are found fly larva of the Lucilia type.
Dd-antigen-antibody system in five caste groups in north India.
Antigen Dd, a polymorphic antigen found in extracts of certain human dandruff specimens, was investigated in five caste groups of north India. The incidence of antigen Dd-positive type varied from 21.21 per cent in Brahmins to 29.08 per cent in the Jat Sikhs of Punjab. However, a high frequency (45%) was observed in the Sunni Muslims of Kashmir, which differed significantly, when compared with different caste groups of Punjab. Family studies on 44 families indicated its inherited nature, the mode of inheritance being autosomal dominant.