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Results for “RIB FRACTURES”

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At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Finite element models of rib as an inhomogeneous beam structure under high-speed impacts.

Fracture of ribs commonly occurs during blunt impacts and can lead to serious injuries or even fatality. The finite element (FE) modeling of ribs under impacts, however, is difficult due to the complex geometry, the difficulty in determining material parameters, and the amount of the computational time required. This study develops a method of modeling ribs as inhomogeneous beam structures. The geometries are reconstructed from images acquired with X-ray computed tomography. Bone material properties, orthotropic or isotropic, are determined from the CT pixel values. From the material distribution inside the cross-section, generalized classical beam formulations use to determine the local homogenized stiffness of the nodes along the rib. To compare the accuracy and efficiency of the method, detailed three-dimensional (3D) FE models of ribs are also developed. Simulations of three benchmark problems that represent different loading or impact conditions demonstrate that the beam FE model is very efficient and is at least as accurate as a very finely meshed 3D FE model. Finally, the rib FE model is used to study blunt trauma injury of animal tests under high-speed impacts. The consistency between predictions and experimental results shows that the developed rib model is a great value to study of blunt trauma caused by high-speed impacts.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1983

[Rupture of the left subclavian artery associated with fracture of the 1st rib].

Treatment in a case of partial rupture of the subclavicular artery, provoking subacute ischemia of the upper limb and associated with a fracture of the first rib, was by sternoclavicular disinsertion and resection-suture. The importance of systematic investigation of possible subclavicular lesions in patients with fractured first ribs is emphasized, both during the initial and follow-up examinations. The presence of a fracture of this type has little influence on the classical surgical attitude adapted, apart from the possible need for resection of the first rib.

Arm↗
PubMed1984

[Fatigue fractures of the 1st rib and their combination with spontaneous pneumothorax].

The pathogenesis and the causal atraumatic mechanism of uni- and bilateral stress fractures of the first rib in 4 cases of young men will be discussed. In 3 cases the discovery of these fractures has been the result of mass x-ray survey alone without complaints by the patients. As a causal factor there must be supposed a permanent strain and (or) an overstrain of the mm. scaleni. At a 15-year-old schoolboy we found a combination of bilateral fracture of the first rib and bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax. In this case we suppose that an overstrain of the mm. scaleni medius and anterior is responsible for the fractures of the rib, and an abrupt distension of the pleural cupola by the m. scalenus minimus - occurring among 72% of all European children - for spontaneous pneumothorax. Minimal subpleural emphysematous bullae adherent to the pleural cupola might be ruptured by this distension. This mechanism is probably also responsible for other cases of spontaneous pneumothorax, in which no stronger physical strains of the patient were preceding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Pseudarthrosis of the first rib in the overhead athlete.

Fractures of the first rib are uncommon in athletes and present a different clinical entity from traumatic first rib fracture associated with high energy thoracic trauma. These fractures are stress induced and precipitated by chronic muscular forces acting on the first rib. Typically they heal with conservative treatment. This report describes a fracture of the first rib in a tennis player that developed into a symptomatic pseudarthrosis as a result of persistent overhead activities. Symptoms mimicked ipsilateral shoulder injury. Pseudarthrosis of the first rib should be included in the differential diagnosis of chronic persistent shoulder pain in the overhead athlete.

Adult↗