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PubMed1980

Therapeutic evaluation of the oral retinoid Ro 10-9359 in several non-psoriatic dermatoses.

Forty-five patients suffering from various genodermatoses and erythematous, scaling, non-psoriatic dermatoses were treated orally with the aromatic derivative of retinoic acid, Ro 10-9359 (Tigason). In the genodermatoses the best results were obtained in ichthyosis, keratodermias and Darier's disease (95.6% good to excellent). Among the erythematous scaling diseases, treatment was effective in lichen planus, parapsoriasis and pityriasis rubra pilaris (53.3% good to excellent results). In comparison with therapies previously employed Ro 10-9359 was more effective. No serious side-effects were noted.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Benign and neoplastic eosinophilic staining cells: an immunofluorescence study.

Deposition of immunoglobulins, complement and fibrinogen on eosinophilic staining cells was investigated using direct immunofluorescence techniques. Serum factor deposition was detected on benign epidermal eosinophilic cells seen in pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, sunburn erythema and, in addition, on subepidermal hyaline bodies in lichen planus; no such deposition occurred on neoplastic eosinophilic cells in Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma. The qualitative findings of immunofluorescence microscopy seem to be different in inflammatory and malignant dermatoses.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Onchodermatitis--correlation between skin disease and parasitic load in an endemic focus in Ecuador.

Onchocerciasis is a chronic parasitic infection in which infiltration of the skin by microfilariae has been associated with a number of different pathological changes. This survey compared the prevalence of different forms of skin disease in two villages, one of which was located within the endemic zone for onchocerciasis (Zapallo Grande), in a lowland rain forest area of western Ecuador. The commonest skin diseases in both villages were scabies, pyoderma and pityriasis versicolor. In addition changes closely correlated with the presence of microfilariae in skin snips were found in Zapallo Grande--such as atrophic gluteal changes, and acute and chronic papular dermatitis. The only other skin disease associated with onchocerciasis was widespread tinea corporis due to T. rubrum. The Amerindians in the endemic onchocerciasis area were more likely than Negroes to have generalized atrophic changes of the skin, whereas in the latter group significant numbers of individuals had no obvious skin lesions but large numbers of microfilariae were detected in skin snips. Acute papular dermatitis was common in both groups and in biopsied lesions microfilariae could usually be identified within the epidermis or close to the dermo-epidermal junction. One patient had developed severe reactive onchodermatitis (Sowda). Swabs taken from onchocercal skin lesions showed no evidence of skin surface carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. Changes classically associated with onchocerciasis such as pretibial hypopigmentation (leopard skin) and hanging groin were notably absent in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Types of human papillomavirus isolated from Japanese patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

Virological studies were performed on 12 patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). Three types of lesions were observed: red plaques, pityriasis versicolor (PV)-like macules and plane warts. Human papillomavirus (HPV) 14, 20 and 21 were isolated from the plaques, HPV 3, 14 and 38 from flat warts and HPV 5, 12, 17, 20 and 38 from PV-like lesions. No clear relationship could be established between the different lesions and the types of HPV. Types 17 and 20 have been isolated most frequently from Japanese EV patients and HPV 5, frequently detected in other countries, is less common, whereas HPV 8 has not been isolated. Skin cancers occurred in six of the cases (50%) and all had benign lesions that were PV-like. At least one type of HPV 5, 17 or 20 could be isolated from these benign lesions and HPV 17 or 20 detected in the cancers. These three types of HPV in EV patients appear to be involved in the malignant transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated papillomavirus infection complicating human immunodeficiency virus disease.

Three males infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were noted to have extensive flat warts of the face and/or body. In two there were also pityriasis versicolor-like lesions. Biopsies showed foamy, basophilic, distended cytoplasm in granular layer keratinocytes, characteristic of the human papillomavirus types seen in epidermodysplasia verruciformis. DNA hybridization techniques demonstrated the presence of HPV-type 8 in one patient and HPV 5 and 8 in another. Patients with immune suppression due to HIV infection may demonstrate the clinical features of epidermodysplasia verruciformis with the same potentially oncogenic HPV types.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1991

An immunological study in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis.

The humoral and cellular immune-status was studied in 30 patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis. Increased frequencies of natural killer cells were found in 46% of patients. Furthermore, subnormal mitogen stimulation responses were demonstrated in 13 patients, whereas two individuals were found to have very high numbers of activated T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Higher-than-normal total serum IgG and IgA was observed in 14 and 11 patients, respectively. For nine of 12 patients with skin lesions, dermal perivascular cell infiltrates were seen. The majority of the infiltrating cells reacted with anti-CD4 antibodies. HLA-DR-expressing keratinocytes were found in two biopsies. The study suggests that patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis may have depressed T-cell function. This could have a bearing on their susceptibility to the Pityrosporum ovale-associated dermatitis. The very high frequencies of activated T cells observed in the peripheral blood of two otherwise healthy seborrhoeic individuals suggests that intermittent systemic immune activation may occur. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common skin disease. It can be diagnosed by its characteristic red to yellow-brown lesions covered with greasy scales distributed in areas with a high number of sebaceous glands, such as the scalp, face and upper trunk. There is an association between seborrhoeic dermatitis and the lipophilic yeast Pityrosporum ovale but its exact aetiological role is not known. The yeast is a member of the normal cutaneous flora but also the aetiological agent of pityriasis versicolor and Pityrosporum folliculitis. P. ovale can activate complement via the direct and alternative pathways. This may play some part in the induction of inflammation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Analyses of skin surface lipid in patients with microbially associated skin disease.

The composition of the total skin surface lipid, free fatty acids and fatty acid of triglyceride was used in discriminant analyses to classify patients with severe acne vulgaris (AV), pityriasis versicolor (PV), seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) and atopic dermatitis (AD). It was not possible to discriminate between the PV and SD patients but all the lipid groups gave a satisfactory separation between AV, PV + SD and AD patients. A similar separation was obtained when the sex of the patient was studied but not when both sex and disease were taken into account. The results suggest that there are fundamental differences in the composition of skin lipid between patients with microbially associated diseases, but the precise role of the organisms has not been ascertained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of superficial and deep-seated mycoses with oral ketoconazole.

Oral ketoconazole was given to 50 patients, 36 with superficial and 14 with deep-seated mycoses. Satisfactory results were obtained in dermatophytoses, pityriasis versicolor, and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Paracoccidioidomycosis also responded well to ketoconazole therapy. The authors' experience in patients with histoplasmosis and aspergillosis does not make it possible to express a firm view on the efficacy of the drug. Ketoconazole is not the recommended drug for treatment of sporotrichosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis responsive to selenium sulfide.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud (CRP) is a distinctive clinicopathologic entity, of unknown etiology, which shows some resemblance to pityriasis versicolor. A case of CRP that showed a significant therapeutic response to topical selenium sulfide is reported. In previously described cases, response to this agent and to other medications, both antifungal and keratolytic, has been variable. A review of these cases reveals conflicting evidence regarding the questionable role of Malassezia furfur in CRP.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Tinea versicolor: histologic and ultrastructural investigation of pigmentary changes.

A comparative histopathologic study is made between the hypopigmented and hyperpigmented skin lesions of pityriasis versicolor and normal skin areas utilizing histochemical stains and electron microscopy. There were no differences found between the population of Dopa-positive melanocytes within the hypopigmented and hyperpigmented lesions and the normal skin areas. The total epidermal pigmentation was diminished in hypopigmented lesions. The keratin layer was found to be significantly thicker in hyperpigmented lesions and contained more organisms. In hypopigmented lesions, melanocytes contained fewer and smaller melanosomes and exhibited signs of degenerative cellular changes.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1993

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis in Africans.

BACKGROUND: Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare cutaneous disorder characterised by persistent, refractory infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Although EV does not seem to have racial or geographic preference, there is a scarcity of reports on its occurrence in Africans. METHODS: Twenty Africans with EV were studied, and the literature on this condition in Africans was reviewed. Virologic studies were performed on 10 patients. RESULTS: Three types of lesions were observed: flat warts, pityriasis versicolor-like macules, and seborrheic keratosis-like changes. Malignant transformation occurred in only one patient. HPV-3 was isolated only from flat warts, HPV-5 and HPV-17 were isolated only from PV-like lesions, whereas an HPV-5-related type was found in all three types of changes. HPV-5-related type revealed DNA that was related but not identical to any of the viruses in the HPV-5 group. This particular type was isolated from all five South African patients with EV in whom virologic studies were performed. CONCLUSIONS: The benign nature of EV in dark-skinned Africans has been confirmed. Four HPV types have been isolated, of which HPV-related type was found in all South African patients with EV and in all types of skin changes, regardless of their morphology. African patients with EV frequently present seborrheic keratosis-like changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Lipoid proteinosis: report of a possible localized form on both hands and wrists.

A 28-year-old woman was seen for pruritic lesions on both hands and wrists which had been present since the age of 10 years. Both palms showed symmetric, diffuse hyperkeratosis extending over both wrists and the dorsal aspects of both hands with well-demarcated, erythematous, lichenified plaques (Figs 1 and 2). The borders of the plaques were pigmented and studded with papules (Fig. 2). The skin lesions were not related to sun exposure. No similar lesions were found elsewhere on the body. The hair, nails, and dental development were normal. A skin biopsy was taken for histopathologic and ultrastructural studies under the clinical impression of pityriasis rubra pilaris. Microscopically, homogeneous perivascular deposits of hyaline-like material were seen in the papillary and reticular dermis, accompanied by mononuclear cells (Figs 3 and 4). The overlying epidermis was acanthotic with hyperkeratosis (Fig. 3). The hyaline deposits were positive for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and oil-red O stains (Figs 5 and 6). Congo red stain was negative. Electron microscopic examination showed abundant amorphous material intermingled with short collagen fibrils in the dermis and around the blood vessels (Figs 7 and 8). Further examination revealed that the patient could protrude her tongue freely. The oral mucosa and vocal cords were smooth. There was no sign of systemic amyloidosis. The patient's complete blood cell count, biochemical tests, and protein electrophoresis were all within normal limits. Antinuclear antibody was negative. Results of porphyrin screening tests were negative for uroporphyrins and coproporphyrins in the urine and feces. The possibility of porphyria was therefore excluded. Both neurologic and ophthalmic examinations were negative. No intracranial calcification was found on a skull X-ray examination. The patient was treated with topical steroid and urea. She was lost to follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Eberconazole 1% cream is an effective and safe alternative for dermatophytosis treatment: multicenter, randomized, double-blind, comparative trial with miconazole 2% cream.

BACKGROUND: Eberconazole is a topical, broad-spectrum imidazole derivative, effective in dermatophytoses, candidiasis, and pityriasis treatment. In previous trials, it showed a higher efficacy than clotrimazole in the treatment of dermatophytoses. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of eberconazole 1% cream compared with miconazole 2% cream in the treatment of dermatophytoses. METHODS: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial was performed in 653 patients with dermatophytoses, randomized to eberconazole 1% cream every 12 h or miconazole 2% cream every 12 h for 4 weeks. Treatment efficacy was assessed on the basis of the percentage of effective response after 4 weeks through mycologic and clinical assessment. RESULTS: Of the 653 patients included in the trial, 360 produced positive baseline mycologic cultures and were included in the efficacy assessment. Clinical efficacy was shown in 76.1% of patients receiving eberconazole and in 75.0% of patients receiving miconazole. The incidence of adverse events related to treatment was 0.91% for eberconazole and 0.92% for miconazole, none being serious, and all being local and transient. CONCLUSIONS: Eberconazole 1% cream is an effective treatment for fungal infections produced by dermatophytes, with a good safety and tolerability profile, and can be considered a good alternative for the treatment of dermatophytoses.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2005

Skin disorders in patients transplanted in childhood.

Only few data are available on skin disorders in pediatric organ transplant recipients. In order to describe the whole range of dermatological diseases in a population of pediatric organ transplant recipients, we studied a group of 217 consecutive organ transplant recipients (168 kidney, 29 heart, 19 liver, one lung) aged <18 years at transplantation followed at a single center. A total of 193 patients showed at least one skin disorder; 149 had more than one skin disease. The most common skin infections were warts (24.4%), pityriasis versicolor (20.7%), folliculitis (12.9%), intertrigo (6.5%); the most common drug side effects were hypertrichosis (69.6%), steroid acne (39.6%), gingival hyperplasia (29%) and severe xerosis (20.7%). Two patients (0.9%) developed nonmelanoma skin cancer. Our study summarizes the main skin complications in patients transplanted in childhood and underlines the necessity of regular dermatologic surveillance of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatomycoses among industrial workers in Cross River State, Nigeria.

A survey of dermatomycoses was carried out amongst industrial workers in three different factories during the period 1987-1988. A total of 194 workers were screened, out of which 54 proved to be mycologically positive by microscopy and/or culture. Incidence was apparently highest amongst workers in a cement factory (Calcemco, 33.3%) followed by those in a wood factory (Seromwood, 30.8%) and a rubber factory (CREL, 26.2%). Pityriasis versicolor was the predominant clinical type of dermatomycosis, followed by tinea pedis. A total of 51 fungal organisms were identified. Malassezia furfur was the most prevalent causative agent (74.4%) followed by Trichophyton soudanense (5.8%), T. rubrum (3.9%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (3.9%). Other species identified were one isolate each of T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum, Candida tropicalis, Candida spec. and Geotrichum candidum.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae on human skin.

Thermomucor indicae-seudaticae Subrahmanyam et al. was found for the first time growing as commensal associated with pityriasis versicolor on the skin of a 25-year-old man living in a small village near Pune, Maharastra, India. The clinical observations and morphological characters are presented. A small percentage of zygospores was found to germinate in situ but further stages of development could not be found.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isoconazole nitrate in the treatment of tropical dermatomycoses.

A total of 54 patients with culturally proven tropical dermatomycoses, comprising 23 with various types of dermatophytoses, one with foot infection due to Trichosporon beigelii and one with foot infection due to Geotrichum candidum, two with candidosis of the groin and 27 with pityriasis versicolor, were included in a clinical trial of efficacy of 1% isoconazole cream (Travogen, Schering, Berlin, Germany). Five patients were not evaluable. A clinical and mycological cure was achieved in 29 cases in 3-4 weeks. In 15 (31%) of the remaining patients treatment was required for 5-6 weeks, while another three patients required treatment for 8 weeks. In two patients the disease proved to be resistant to treatment with the drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine structural investigation of Malassezia furfur: I. Size and shape of the yeast cells and a consideration of their ploidy.

Small and medium sized yeast cells of cylindrical or oval shape predominated in two Malassezia furfur-standard strains CBS 1878 and CBS 6001 during the exponential growth phase. Large cells of wide-oval shape were rare. They were encountered at the beginning of the stationary phase in strain CBS 6001, which also tended to form filaments easily. In the scales of pityriasis versicolor, there were large wide-oval or spherical cells besides small and medium sized yeast cells and hyphal filaments. Considering the variable size and shape of the yeast cells, differences of their ploidy seemed likely, as described in other fungal species. This aspect is supported by the surface/volume quotient.

Cell Nucleus↗