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PubMed2001

Workplace justice, citizenship behavior, and turnover intentions in a union context: examining the mediating role of perceived union support and union instrumentality.

This study examined the relationship between workplace justice afforded by the grievance system and the union outcomes of citizenship behavior and turnover intentions and the mechanisms that underpin these relationships. Respondents (N = 187) were members of a large public sector union in Singapore. Results revealed that perceived union support and union instrumentality fully mediated the relationship between the dimensions of workplace justice and citizenship behavior directed toward the union (OCBO) and citizenship behavior directed at other union members (OCBI). Union instrumentality partially mediated the procedural justice-turnover intentions relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Cancer incidence among members of the Norwegian trade union of insulation workers.

Insulation work has been described as an occupation with high exposure to asbestos. A cohort of members of the Norwegian Trade Union of Insulation Workers (n = 1116), hired between 1930 and 1975, was established. During 2002, the cohort was linked to the Cancer Registry of Norway. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of pleural mesothelioma was 12.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.0-24.6). Two cases with peritoneal mesotheliomas were found (SIR, 14.8; 95% CI = 1.8-53.4). The SIR of lung cancer was 3.0 (95% CI = 2.3-3.8). Four cases of lung cancer were observed among cork workers without any exposure to asbestos, but to cork dust and tar smoke (SIR, 5.3; 95% CI = 1.5-13.6). Our study showed a high risk of mesothelioma and an elevated risk of lung cancer among members of the Trade Union of Insulation Workers.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1988

The development of worker-controlled occupational health centers in Canada.

Over the past decade worker-controlled occupational health centers have been established in three Canadian provinces. This development has been a response to the slowness in recognizing occupational medicine in the Canadian medical community, the limited availability and questionable acceptability of existing services, as well as the growth of worker control in occupational health matters generally. The history, funding, organizational structure, personnel, resources, and programs of these worker-controlled centers are outlined, illustrating the extensive programs that can be provided despite small budgets of these operations. Advantages to workers include direct access to resources as well as expert professional advice with the focus on work place hazards. Furthermore, the centers provide for extensive interaction among workers on their common concerns. Disadvantages of the model include restricted access to work places associated with frequent distrust of employers. Employer-based and university-based models are compared to worker-controlled centers, and it is suggested that the latter may influence the pattern of practice of occupational health as well as the ability of workers and their unions to promote improved occupational health and safety conditions.

Canada↗
PubMed1987

Worker participation in occupational health research: theory and practice.

In the area of occupational health, progressive scientists in many countries are attempting to carry out scientific inquiry into the effects of working conditions on the health of workers in a participatory relationship with workers. The author proposes an action research model to describe the underlying research process, taking into account the interests of both workers and academics. For worker/scientist cooperation to be effective, means must be found for the two groups to work on an equal footing. Workers' participation in occupational health research projects takes two forms: informational input-workers' knowledge of working conditions and health problems systematized and used to better understand the work situation and its effects on health and well-being; and partnership--workers' participation in the design and realization of all stages of the research project. Institutional context and worker participation are analyzed in the present article in the light of the experiences of our research group, Group de Recherche-action en Biologie de Travail (Action Research on Work Biology), at the Université du Québec à Montréal. The group has been involved in action research with unions for the past ten years under the terms of a signed agreement between the University and the two major Québec unions, the Féderation des travailleurs (travailleuses) du Québec and the Conféderation des syndicats nationaux.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1999

ED docs may unionize--here are pros and cons.

The American Medical Association has proposed forming a unionlike organization for employed physicians. Research shows most ED contracts state that physicians can be terminated with or without cause, which could prevent physicians from speaking up about patient care issues. ED experts say ED physicians often are not given access to financial information to determine if bills are appropriately coded, which increases liability risks. Some ED experts argue that the public perception of unions and striking could hurt emergency physicians' status as a profession.

American Hospital Association↗
PubMed2002

[Substance abuse by health personnel].

This paper is a review of the literature on health professionals with substance abuse and it deals with the epidemiology, treatment, and results. A similar study has been carried out on health professionals in Denmark. Very few data are available for this group. The prevalence of substance abuse in health personnel seems to be equal to that in the general population, and from these data it is estimated that 3300 doctors/nurses in Denmark have an active alcohol abuse whereas the prevalence of other drug abuse is not known. The National Board of Health receives 150 new cases a year, in which decisions about specific treatment are made. Not all these cases are about substance abuse. Today, no organised treatment is on offer to health personnel with substance abuse, and they are forced to find their own. Results from abroad indicate that treatment with some degree of monitoring gives better results for health personnel than no monitoring, perhaps because of the risk of losing their authorisation, which is the penalty in this group, if substance abuse continues. From the results of a Danish study, the treatment in Greater Copenhagen seems less effective than the treatment given abroad. It is, therefore, recommended that the treatment of health personnel should be centralised in three or four places in Denmark, each with capacity for 30 outpatients. It is furthermore recommended that inpatient treatment of health personnel in work, which, generally speaking will be that needed in connection with detoxification, takes place in departments with a special interest in treating this kind of patient. Inpatient treatment is furthermore recommended for patients with psychiatric or somatic co-morbidity in addition to the substance abuse, or where repeated attempts at outpatient treatment have been unsuccessful. The estimated need is the possibility of admittance to two psychiatric beds per centre. Lastly, it is recommended that structured treatment in this group of patients should be established in close co-operation with the unions for advisory or legal assistance in the case of early retirement or change of job.

Denmark↗