An ounce of prevention: the Division of Dental Health.
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The crunch of cost containment is felt by medical group practices nationwide. One possible line of defense is development of new programs, based on existing services, that will attract "bread and butter" markets. A comprehensive industrial rehabilitation program offers the advantage of appealing to a market with a guaranteed payment system, independent of government regulations--the worker's compensation insurance industry that provides disability coverage for persons sustaining work-related injuries. In this model for management of an industrial rehabilitation program, the authors highlight program development, components, and process, and also the well-defined marketing effort necessary for success.
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Recent advances in telecommunications technology are leading to new developments in postacute and rehabilitative care. For about $400 per patient and a telephone hookup, physicians and therapists can provide ongoing, direct care to patients at remote clinics or in their homes. The lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials demonstrating clinical and cost effectiveness in rehabilitation and telemedicine has precluded many payers from reimbursing for services. Guidelines for best use do not currently exist, yet the benefits for payers, providers, and patients could be substantial. Telerehabilitation could become an important modality to MCOs seeking to extend the continuum of postacute care to nonclinical settings.
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Non specific low back pain (NSLBP) is commonly a persistent or recurrent problem. In general the longer a worker is off work with NSLBP, the more disabling the condition becomes, the less successful any form of treatment, and the greater the probability of long term sickness absence. The obstacles to return to work are diverse. Scientific evidence shows that the development of chronic low back pain and disability depends more on individual and work-related psychosocial issues than on physical or clinical features. There is strong empirical evidence that treatment at the subacute stage (NSLBP lasting for approximately 5-12 weeks) is more effective at preventing chronic pain and disability than attempts to treat chronic intractable pain and disability once it is established. Active rehabilitation programmes should be interdisciplinary, adapted to the local socioeconomic context and include education toward overcoming fear avoidance beliefs and promoting self-care, some kind of active exercises, some behavioural principles of pain management, and some intervention at the workplace to help and assist the worker in early return to work. Some of these programs have produced desirable occupational outcomes when all the stakeholders in the disability problem (worker, employer, insurer, attending physician) worked together.
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