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At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Bilateral hilus cell tumors of the ovary.

A 51-year-old postmenopausal multipara with high plasma testosterone levels and virilization, as demonstrated by hirsutism, balding, increased libido, and clitoromegaly, is presented. The plasma testosterone levels exceeded 330 ng/dl on 3 occasions. The plasma androstenedione, urinary 17-ketosteroids, and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, as well as the computed axial tomography scan of the adrenal glands were normal. Although no pelvic mass was detected by sonography or pelvic exam, the patient was found to have small bilateral hilus cell tumors of the ovary. Following total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the plasma testosterone dropped to 14 ng/dl. This is the second case of bilateral hilus cell tumors of the ovary to be reported.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Alterations in circadian rhythmicity in calcium oxalate renal stone formers.

The circadian (circannual for oxalic acid) variations of 13 urinary variables (volume, creatinine, calcium, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, 17-ketosteroids, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, phosphates, urea, uric acid, chloride, sodium, and potassium) have been documented in 7 calcium oxalate renal stone formers and 7 healthy men (control group). Urine was collected every 4 h over a period of 24 h. All subjects had the same synchronization: diurnal activity from 07(00) to 23(00) +/- 1 h and nocturnal rest; meals were given at fixed clock hours (08(00), 12(30) and 20(00) +/- 1 h). A statistically-significant rhythm (p less than 0.05) was validated for all variables except urea and calcium in healthy men. In renal stone formers, 6 variables (calcium, oxalic acid, and glycolic acid in particular) had no detectable circadian rhythm. However, a periodicity of c. 8 h (ultradian rhythm) was demonstrated for calcium and oxalic acid with peaks being located around 02(00), 10(00), and 18(00). No circannual variations in oxalic acid output could be observed. The present study shows an alteration of the periodicity of calcium and oxalic metabolisms, i.e. the loss of a circadian (24-h) rhythm and the occurrence of an ultradian rhythm of 8 h. The risk of calcium-oxalate crystallisation appears thus greater at 02(00), 10(00), and 18(00). Furthermore, any study dealing with oxalic acid excretion should state the season of urine collection when comparing renal stone formers and healthy subjects, as significant differences in oxaluria may appear during the summer months and not during the rest of the year.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Development of new glucocorticosteroids with a very high ratio between topical and systemic activities.

The very potent topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroids (GCS) most widely used are either 17 alpha-esters of halogenated 16-methyl-17 alpha-hydroxycorticosteroids (e.g. beclomethasone 17 alpha, 21-dipropionate = BDP) or 16 alpha, 17 alpha-acetals of halogenated 16 alpha, 17 alpha-dihydroxy corticosteroids (e.g. triamcinolone acetonide = TA). The purpose of the present investigation was to increase the ratio between the topical anti-inflammatory (TAIP) and the systemic potencies (SP) of GCS 16 alpha, 17 alpha-acetals, as such compounds are not biotransformed in the lung. Structure-activity investigations in rodents showed that fluoro substituents in positions 6 alpha or 9 alpha or both 6 alpha, 9 alpha 9 alpha increased SP more than TAIP. On the other hand, nonsymmetrical 16 alpha, 17 alpha-acetal substitution increased TAIP more than SP. The best TAIP:SP ratio was obtained with budesonide, which contains this new type of acetal substituent, but has no halogen atoms in the steroid nucleus. In the rat and the mouse budesonide has a 5--10 times better TAIP:SP ratio than 16 alpha, 17 alpha-acetonides, like TA, as well as 17 alpha-ester GCS, like BDP. The improved ratio for budesonide is probably due to a high intrinsic GCS activity at the site of application combined with an effective inactivation by biotransformation after systemic absorption. The importance of the inactivation in the liver was verified by experiments in which the biotransformation capacity of the liver was blocked by SKF-525 A.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Changes of corticosteroid spectrum in urine in members of crew of spaceship "Soyuz-22".

The urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and the relations between the glucocorticoids in urine and their precursors as well as between 17-hydroxycorticoids and 17-hydroxycorticoids and 17-dehydroxycorticosteroids was measured in two subjects before and after 8 days flight in spaceship "Soyuz-22". During a readaptation period after the space flight activation of the glucocorticoid function of adrenals was observed which was accompanied by signs of stress and relative deficiency of 11-hydroxylation in glucocorticoid synthesis. The assumptions on possible causes of observed changes are discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Individual characteristics of the organization of the human endocrine system].

Individual features of the endocrine system were studied in 26 healthy men, divided into 2 groups, according to the characteristics of EEG, electrocutaneous thresholds and the time response (TR) upon sound signals of 40 to 120 decibels. The subjects of the 1st group were characterized by the high energy of EEG delta- and theta-rhythms, low energy of alpha-rhythm, low thresholds and TR40 : TR120 ratio. The patients of the 2nd group had the opposite parameters. In both groups the blood plasma and urine catecholamine content, ACTH, TTH, 11-hydroxycorticosteroids, cortisol, aldosterone, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, testosterone and plasmatic insulin were determined by means of spectrofluorometry and radioimmunoassay. The elevation of the cortisol level after ACTH injection and of the TTH concentration following thyroliberin administration were investigated. Two polar variants of the endocrine system organization were revealed. The patients of the 1st group had an elevated activity of the sympathico-adrenal, hypophyseal-adrenal system and insular apparatus, comparatively lowered activity of the hypophyseal-thyroid system and gonads. The subjects of the 2nd group demonstrated an opposite character of the endocrine system. It is suggested that the individual peculiarities of the human endocrine system promote the development of obesity, Icenko-Cushing's disease, hypertension, thyrotoxicosis, acromegaly and bronchial asthma.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1982

[Results of endocrinologic studies of the 3d international crew of the scientific orbital station complex: Soyuz 29 - Salyut 6 - Soyuz 31 (joint space flight enterprise of the USSR - GDR). 3. Corticosteroid excretion in urine].

In the present study the attempt was made to evaluate the functional state of the adrenal cortex after space flight by means of the urinary corticosteroid content. The urine collected over 24 hours was analysed. The following parameters were determined: Total 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS), their free forms, glucuronides and sulphates; cortisol (F), cortisone (E), corticosterone (B), 11-desoxycortisol (S), 11-dehydrocorticosterone (A), tetrahydrocortisol (THF), tetrahydrocortisone (THE), tetrahydrocorticosterone (THB), tetrahydro-11-desoxycortisol (THS), and aldosterone. In order to characterize the activity of the 11-hydroxylase the quotient of THS + S/THF + F + THE + E was formed. The activity of the 17-hydroxylase was determined indirectly by the quotient of THF + THE + THS + F + E + S/THB + B + A = 17-OHCS/17-DOHCS. The expected distinct increase of the 17-OHCS after the space flight failed to appear. This finding may be due to an adrenocortical dysfunction. In the space ship commander the quotients indicate a reduced 11- and 17-hydroxylation during the process of synthesis of the glucocorticoids. In the flight engineer they give evidence of an unchanged biosynthesis except on the day of landing. A hitherto not fully intensified substance ("white spot") was found in the chromatogram of the space ship commander on the first and second day after the flight. Moreover, the investigations show that the reaction of the adrenal cortex after space flights exhibits a number of individual characteristics.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of the change in the level of corticosteroids in the blood and tissues and of catecholamines in the urine of rats in the process of developing an adaptation reaction to emotional stress].

Experiments on male rats were carried out. Prolonged emotional stress was produced by periodic pain stimulation with a weak electric current. Examination of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-HOCS) in the blood and tissue levels has shown an increase in the concentration of total and free 11-HOCS during the first 30 days. By the 130th day 11-HOCS content abruptly fell in the blood and tissues despite the fact that the reserve potentialities of the adrenal cortex (ACTH test) were within normal. On the contrary, the catecholamine concentration in the animals' urine sharply rose by the end of the experiments.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

[Resistance to the inhibiting action of dexamethasone and the risk of postoperative complications in colonic and rectal cancer].

Dexamethasone-induced decrease in 11-hydroxycorticosteroid level was studied in 55 patients with primary tumors of the colon and rectum several days before operation. All lethal outcomes and most postoperative complications were registered in cases resistant to dexamethasone. The elevated threshold of hypothalamic sensitivity to inhibition by glucocorticoids is considered to be due to the influence of age, tumor process and long-term emotional stress during preoperative period, all these factors affecting the adaptive potential.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1981

[Interference of meprobamate with adrenal hormone assays (author's transl)].

The authors draw attention to the fact that the decrease in 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids observed in patients under meprobamate treatment is probably due to chemical interference with assay methods, since normal response to metyrapone indicates that the adrenal function is unimpaired. The asthenia usually reported by these patients is due to depression and should not be blamed on deficiency of the adrenal cortex.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1980

Lipid cell tumor of the ovary.

A 32-year-old nulligravida, with a history of abdominal hysterectomy for multiple leiomyomas of the uterus, was seen initially with signs of masculinization. Normal values for 17-ketosteroids, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, and plasma cortisol eliminated the adrenal as the source of the excess androgen as well as Cushing syndrome. Increased plasma testosterone and androstenedione levels in the peripheral blood as well as in the right ovarian vein sampling implicated the right ovary, which revealed a lipid cell tumor (0.5 to 1.3 cm in maximum dimension).

Adrenal Rest Tumor↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of tumor lesions arising in the adrenal gland].

Between 1981 and 1993, 14 patients with tumoral adrenal disease were diagnosed and treated in the Urology Services of both Hospitals. Nature of the adrenal disease was functional in 8 patients (two carcinomas and six pheochromocytomas) and non-functional in the rest (three carcinomas, two adenomas and one myelolipoma). Reference is made to the clinical manifestations and laboratory tests related to hormonal activity, depending on whether the tumour is functional or non-functional, chromaffin or non-chromaffin. Patients with functional carcinomas had Cushing's syndrome, with very clear virtilization signs. Urine 17-hydroxycorticosteroid, 17-cetosteroides and cortisol were all increased, same as plasma cortisol. Patients with pheochromocytomas had hypertension and headaches (six patients), sweating (five patients), anxiety (four patients) and loss of weight (two patients). All of them had increased urine vainillylmandelic acid and catecholamines. Clinical signs and symptoms of non-functional tumours were related to bulk growth and size (in the three carcinomas), and sometimes was highly anodyne, or even absent (in the two adenomas and the myelolipoma), the cause of discovery being accidental during an ultrasound examination. An analysis is made of the different imaging diagnostic procedures performed, such as IVU (performed in 13 patients) with a 38.4% resolutory power; ultrasound (performed in 11 patients) with an 81.8% resolution; CAT (performed in 6 patients) with a 100% resolution capacity and arteriography (performed in 3 patients) with a 100% resolution power, although patients had previously undergone ultrasound and CAT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biologically active substances in patients with hypervolemic congenital heart defects undergoing general multicomponent anesthesia].

In 95 patients with hypervolemic congenital heart diseases (42 with interventricular and interatrial septal defects, and 53 with patent ductus arteriosus) mixed venous blood levels of serotonin, histamine, adrenalin, noradrenaline, total 11-hydroxycorticosteroids were studied using spectrofluorimetry, cyclic adenosine- and guanosine-monophosphate (cAMP and cGMP), prostaglandins E+A and F2 alpha and their interaction were assessed using radioimmunoassay and correlation analysis, respectively. Before surgical treatment the patients showed higher (than in the control) concentrations of histamine, adrenalin, noradrenaline, cAMP, and cGMP, prostaglandins E+A. During anesthesia including fentanyl, morphine, diazepam, N2O:O2 in patients with heart valve defects cGMP level was increased and in patients with patent ductus arteriosus cAMP level was increased during analogous anesthesia with morphine replaced by halothane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Deep hypothermia without extracorporeal circulation in surgery of congenital cardiac defects.

Operations on the open heart under perfusionless deep hypothermia were performed in 3,141 patients with congenital cardiac defects. The patients ages ranged from 3 months to 44 years. The body was cooled to 26-24 degrees C by covering with crushed ice. Cooling was performed under conditions of not deep ether anesthesia with the use of minimum doses of narcotic analgetics (morphine 0.5 mg/kg). Lactacidemia was registered during hypothermia. In contrast to lactate, the content of fatty acids and 11-hydroxycorticosteroids during all the stages of hypothermia did not change significantly. The time of circulatory arrest ranged from 10-89 min. It took 2-7 min to restore cardiac activity. Of 3,141 patients operated on, 265 died (8.44%). The mortality pattern demonstrated that the major cause of death was cardiac insufficiency (5.9%). Neurological sequelae were observed in 110 patients (3.5%). Based on the results of tests with Luria's neuropsychological method, neurological disturbances were registered in 15.4% of patients. The frequencies of neuropsychological complications were not related to the time of circulatory arrest. Unstable hemodynamics after operation was the most contributory factor to the development of neurological complications. Perfusionless deep hypothermia is an efficient method providing conditions for performance of open heart operations, and it can be used in surgical repair of congenital cardiac defects.

Acidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The hormonal status and carbohydrate-energy metabolism of rats after the long-term action of low doses of ionizing radiation and heat].

Hormonal status (blood content of triiodothyronine, thyroxin, insulin, 11-hydroxycorticosteroids), dehydration in the Krebs cycle, and activity of the first enzyme in the pentose-phosphate cycle, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, in the brain and myocardium of white rats were studied at different time periods after separate and combined prolonged exposure to radiation in relatively small doses and heat. It was found that combination of ionizing radiation and heat led to hypofunction of the endocrine glands and inhibition of dehydration processes in the Krebs Cycle.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

An observation on otoacoustic emission and ultrastructure of cochlea in experimental autoimmune inner ear disease.

OBJECTIVE: To acquire the detailed knowledge of immune lesion of inner ear. METHODS: A simultaneous study on physiology and ultrastructure was carried out in guinea pigs immunized with homogenous inner ear antigen. The specific antibody was analysed by a modified immunotransfer electrophoresis method. RESULTS: Three positive bands (with molecular weights of 68.0 kD, 62.7 kD and 60.1 kD) were found in all the sera of immunized animals but not in the control animals. Threshold shift of auditory brainstem response over 10dB HL was found in 42% of secondary system immunized animals and 32% of secondary endolymphatic sac (e.sac) immunized animals. Amplitude of distortion production otoacoustic emission dropped obviously in the above two groups. Transmission electron microscope showed the mitochondria of outer hair cells in the cochlea was impaired in animals with auditory disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The research suggests that the immune reaction against homogenous inner ear antigen results in dysfunction of hydroxycorticosteroid during the early stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Usefulness of measurement of hormones in urine samples collected during the night period for the diagnosis of endocrine disorders].

It has been known that the measurement of adreno-cortical and medullary hormones in urine for 24 hours is the best way for diagnosis of the disease state. This is not only because hormone release shows circadian rhythm but also because the urinary excretion of hormones reflects the total amount of hormones produced for 24 hours. However, the civilized people, particularly the workers, are too busy to correct urine for 24 hours. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the urine sample corrected for only 12 hours during night is useful for the diagnosis of adrenal diseases. Circadian rhythm of hormones in urine was evaluated by correcting urine every 4 hours in 18 normal adults. Diurnal variations of 17-ketosteroids (17-KS) and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) were evident; they showed the peak value during 8 AM and 12 AM, and the trough during 0 AM and 4 AM. Similarly, urinary noradrenaline and adrenaline showed the peak value at day time and the trough at night time. However, the rhythm was not observed in urinary dopamine and vanilyl mandelic acid (VMA). Under consideration of outpatient's convenience, urine sampled during night (between 8 PM and 8 AM) was evaluated. The amount of hormones during night was 35.9-46.9% of the total amount of the day, and the deviation was relatively small. The reference intervals (mean +/- 2SD) were as follows; 17-KS (n = 56, 2.8 +/- 2.4 mg/12 hours), 17-OHCS (n = 56, 2.0 +/- 2.0 mg/12 hours), 17-KGS (n = 52, 3.6 +/- 3.6 mg/12 hours), free cortisol (n = 43, 14.3 +/- 14.2 micrograms/12 hours), noradrenaline (n = 50, 12.9 +/- 9.8 micrograms/12 hours), adrenaline (n = 50, 2.1 +/- 4.0 micrograms/12 hours), dopamine (n = 50, 134 +/- 194 micrograms/12 hours), VMA (2.3 +/- 2.4 mg/12 hours). When the night periods urine in patients with adrenal disorders such as virilizing adrenocortical carcinoma, pituitary adenoma, adrenocortical hydroxylase deficiency, Addison's disease, hypopituitarism, Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma was analyzed, the respective urinary hormone level corresponding to each disease was significantly changed from the reference interval. These results indicate that analysis of urine sample during night has advantage over the daily urine because the difference between normal and disease state is augmented when measured urinary during night.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

[CSF enzyme activities in patients with head injury--especially on GOT, GPT, LDH, and CPK (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].

In our studies on patients with head injury, it was noted that there are some correlations between their clinical courses and the urinary excretion of creatine (cr), creatinine (Crn), 17-ketosteroid and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid. We observed the high urinary excretion of Cr in patients with severe head injury while almost negative in a mild case. We reported those facts in 1974. Also noted in patients with head injury is the relationship between the enzyme-activities (GOT, GPT, LDH and CPK) in the cerebrospinal fluid and their clinical courses. In this paper, we reported 34 cases of head injured patients (simple type: 2, concussion: 9, contusion: 8, acute intracranial hematoma: 7 and chronic intra-cranial hematoma: 8). The control values of CSF enzyme-activities were determined in these 14 cases (simple head injury, whip-lash injury and osteoma of the skull) as GOT less that 15, GPT less than 7, LDH less than 12 and CPK less than 8 units. In the moderate cases, a slight increase in activities of 4 enzymes in CSF were observed, while in severe or comatose cases, the enzyme-activities (especially LDH and CPK) were greater than in the controls. In the dead cases these values were five times as high as the normal case. In the patients recovering from a serious stage, these activities decreased to normal. High CSF enzyme-levels tend to indicate a poor prognosis and low levels a favorable progrosis. In the patients with a significant elevation of CSF enzymes, a high urinary excretion of Cr [normal range: 0-150 (ca. 50)mg/day] was often observed. There was no apparent correlation between the enzyme level in CSF and that in serum and the increase or decrease of these 4 enzymes are not always proprotionate with each other. As reported by Green (1958) and Lending (1961), cerebral cell necrosis and increased permeability of BLB, BBB or cerebral cell membrane can be related to the increase of enzymeactivities. With these observations, it can be considered that severe head injury gives influence on metabolic function in the hypothalamus and may cause in the levels of CSF enzymes and/or the urinary excretions of Cr, Crn and corticosteroids. And the examinations of enzyme activities in the patients with head injury may become a useful aid to make an outlook of their clinical coure and prognosis.

Adolescent↗