Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “EMACIATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Incidence and prognostic value of malnutrition and wasting in human immunodeficiency virus-infected outpatients.

Although malnutrition and wasting are known features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, their incidence and possible association with immunologic impairment are largely unknown, as is the prognostic value of the nutritional state. Nutritional, clinical, and immunologic parameters were measured in 100 outpatients in different stages of HIV infection. In addition, 39 patients with AIDS were prospectively followed for a mean period of 343 (range, 53-650) days. Sixty-three percent of the patients showed evidence of malnutrition, 21% suffered from wasting. A reduced body cell mass and decreased serum albumin levels were observed in 32 and 14%, respectively, predominantly in more advanced disease stages. Fourteen of 39 AIDS patients died after a mean survival of 212 days. Survivors showed significantly larger initial body cell mass values and higher initial serum albumin levels compared with nonsurvivors, whereas CD4+ lymphocyte counts, disease complications, and medication were all similar in both groups. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed a significantly prolonged survival in patients with a body cell mass > 30% of body weight or serum albumin levels exceeding 30 g/L. Factor analyses indicated that the parameters of nutritional state were independent from each other and from CD4+ lymphocyte counts. Malnutrition occurs frequently during HIV infection and increases with disease progress. It strongly predicts patient survival independent of CD4+ lymphocyte counts.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1980

Inappropriate growth hormone release in the diencephalic syndrome of childhood: case report and 4 year endocrinological follow-up.

A boy with an astrocytoma in the anterior hypothalamic area and typical features of the diencephalic syndrome of childhood was followed with yearly endocrinological evaluation from 10 months of age until he was 5 1/2-years-old. Radiation therapy resulted in temporary clinical improvement. At the time of diagnosis height and bone age were advanced. Basal concentrations of growth hormone (GH) were markedly elevated and could only be partially suppressed by an oral glucose load. There was a paradoxical decline of GH levels following arginine-insulin infusion and an abnormal GH release with TRH administration. Abnormal GH response to the various stimuli persisted for 2 years after radiation therapy. Pituitary secretion of LH, FSH, TSH, prolactin and ACTH remained intact. The characteristic clinical features as well as the endocrinological findings remain unexplained.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1992

The microepidemiology of wasting syndrome, a common link to diarrheal disease, cancer, rabies, animal models of AIDS, and HIV-AIDS YHAIDS). The feline leukemia virus and rabies virus models.

Infant cats were inoculated intracranially with rabies or feline leukemia viruses in an experimental study of wasting syndrome. The daily pre- and postinoculation body weights were recorded until kittens were moribund. Affected animals in both groups manifested growth failure or wasting syndrome. Immunodepression, manifested by a conspicuous depletion of thymic cortex, the thymus dependent areas of the spleen, and growth hormone producing-alpha adenopituicytes was significantly (p less than 0.01) related to the wasting status of the animals. The ability of pituitary glands from these animals to produce growth hormone was studied by in situ immunoperoxidase staining and showed a significant (p less than 0.01) difference between healthy and wasted animals. Rabies and feline leukemia viruses were each found responsible for the low immunoreactivity of growth hormone producing alpha adenopituicytes. Because the hypothalamus and the hypophysis were both found infected, it was concluded that regardless of the triggering agent in primary wasting, the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-thymic axis was always involved through a decrease in growth hormone production.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1977

Failure to thrive at the breast: an old problem revisited.

Four apparently normal breast-fed infants failed to thrive when fed on demand. They all shared a tendency to accept long intervals between feeds from birth. Infant welfare clinics should be alerted to this problem. If infants who attend these clinics are accurately weighed and their progress carefully recorded on weight charts this insidiously developing complaint could be detected earlier and with appropriate advice, a potentially serious condition averted.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1978

Increased urinary catecholamines in an infant with the diencephalic syndrome.

In an infant of 15 months with the diencephalic syndrome, urinary excretion of norepinephrine was moderately raised and epinephrine greatly so. It is suggested that catecholamine secretion may be due to sympathetic stimulation at the level of the diencephalon, by a space-occupying lesion pressing on the thalamohypothalamic pathway. Some of the symptoms of the diencephalic syndrome such as euphoria, irritability, skin pallor, and hypertension may be the result of catecholamine secretion.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Contribution of tuberculosis to slim disease in Africa.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the contribution of tuberculosis to the aetiology of the HIV wasting syndrome (slim) in Africa, a condition usually considered an enteropathy. METHODS: Clinical examination and representative necropsy study of adult patients positive for HIV. SETTING: Hospital medical wards in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. SUBJECTS: Adults positive for HIV. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: CD4 T lymphocyte counts before death, clinical and anthropometric data, and gross and microscopic pathology. RESULTS: Necropsy was done on 212 HIV positive adults. Tuberculosis was found in 41 of 93 with the clinical HIV wasting syndrome and in 32 of 119 without (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 4.0). A significant association existed between the prevalence of tuberculosis at necropsy and the degree of cadaveric wasting (no wasting 25% (15/59); moderate wasting 40% (23/58); skeletal wasting 44% (42/95); P = 0.02). Wasting was also associated with a history of chronic diarrhoea, but no association existed between diarrhoea and tuberculosis. Median CD4 T lymphocyte counts were lowest in wasted patients irrespective of findings at necropsy and in those with chronic diarrhoea (< 60 x 10(6)/l). CONCLUSION: Wasting and chronic diarrhoea are late stage manifestations of HIV disease in Africa. The importance of tuberculosis as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of the slim syndrome has been underestimated. In nearly half of patients dying with severe wasting, tuberculosis was the dominant pathological finding.

Adolescent↗