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PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental allergic conjunctivitis: production of different isotypes of antibody by conjunctival-associated lymphoid tissue in culture.

Long-term (greater than 2 years) topical, conjunctival application of fluoresceinyl ovalbumin (FL-OA) induced allergic conjunctivitis-like lesions and hyperplasia of conjunctival-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) in guinea pigs. Single-cell suspensions of CALT and spleen were prepared by collagenase digestion and cultured with or without FL-OA or lipopolysaccharide; the culture supernatants were assayed for IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE antibody. Absolute values (ng Ab protein/ml) of anti-FL-OA IgG subclasses (IgG1 and IgG2) were measured using purified preparations of IgG1 and IgG2 anti-FL-OA antibody standards in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemical studies were performed using frozen sectioned CALT tissues as well as cultured single cells. IgG1, IgG2, IgA, IgM, but not IgE, anti-FL-OA antibodies were detected in the culture supernatants of both CALT and spleen. IgG- and IgA-secreting plasma cells were demonstrated in immunoperoxidase-stained CALT and single-cell cultures. The ratio of IgG1 to IgG2 isotypes produced by CALT in vitro was significantly higher than that produced by spleen and also that found in serum. These findings indicated that a site-specific regulation of antibody isotypes may exist within the hyperplastic CALT induced by the long-term topical exposure to FL-OA.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immune responses in Mycoplasma bovoculi conjunctivitis.

Calves infected with Mycoplasma bovoculi respond with conjunctivitis, extensive colonization of cell-adherent mycoplasmas, and a transient influx of neutrophils to ocular surfaces. Antibody responses can be detected in the circulation and in lacrimal fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum responses were primarily IgM and IgG and included complement-independent metabolic inhibition activity, while lacrimal fluid responses were primarily IgA and did not exhibit metabolic inhibiting activity. Cell-mediated immune responses also followed the initial infection. In all cases, these immune responses were concurrent with persistent colonization of ocular surfaces. Clearance of persistent infections was observed after variable periods of time and was followed by resistance to challenge. Parenteral presentation of antigen gave similar systemic responses with no lacrimal responses. Animals given antigen parenterally exhibited inflammatory responses and persistent colonization after challenge. These reactions were more intense than those following infections in unstimulated cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Salmonella-associated conjunctivitis in a cat.

Salmonella typhimurium-associated conjunctivitis in an adult female cat was characterized by epiphora and blepharospasm. The cat also harbored intestinal S typhimurium, as did one other cat in the same shipment of 7 cats obtained from a commercial cat dealer. The 3 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cephaloridine, cephalothin, streptomycin, triple sulfonamides, and tetracycline. All 3 isolates were capable of transferring a part of the antibiotic resistance pattern to an Escherichia coli K-12 recipient. Salmonella were not recovered from the conjunctiva or fecal flora of either cat after 10 days of therapy with chloramphenicol.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Pathology and treatment of giant papillary conjunctivitis. I. The U.S. perspective.

Giant papillary conjunctivitis is a disease we are seeing more and more. I believe it can be avoided with new ways of designing the lenses and new ways of cleaning them. Meanwhile, however, we need to improve cleaning, increase our use of enzymes, irrigate the conjunctiva, change lenses often, and use cromolyn sodium to stabilize the mast cells. These measures should enable our patients to continue using their contact lenses longer.

Conjunctivitis, Allergic↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of a Haemophilus sp. isolated from a rabbit with conjunctivitis.

A case of conjunctivitis in a rabbit caused by a Haemophilus sp. is described. This was the only organism that was isolated in large numbers from the infected eye. The uninfected eye of the same rabbit contained Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium kutscheri, Proteus mirabilis and a Neisseria sp. Effects of infection with live Haemophilus sp. isolated from the subject rabbit was studied in the eyes of rabbits and mice. Swabbing live organisms in the normal rabbit eye produced blepharitis within 48 hours. Signs of blepharitis started to disappear after 10 days without treatment. No reaction was noted in the control eye (swabbed with sterile saline) of the rabbit. Swabbing live organisms or sterile saline in the normal mouse eye failed to produce visible lesions up to 4 weeks. Evidence suggests that the Haemophilus sp. was pathogenic for rabbits but not for mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[The vernal plaque, a complication of so-called spring conjunctivitis].

The vernal ulcer is a peculiar corneal complication of vernal conjunctivitis. Clinically, the ulcer is oval, grey, and resistant to medical treatment. Histological study by light and electron microscopy reveal the lesion to be composed of fibrin deposits adherent to a well-preserved Bowman's membrane. These deposits impede lateral progression of the epithelium, thus, opposing spontaneous healing. Resolution of the ulcer can be obtained, however, by superficial keratectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Early and rapid diagnosis of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis with tear specimens.

Picornavirus particles and serotype-specific neutralizing antibody were demonstrated in tears collected during early onset of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Virus particles deposited from tears by airfuge ultracentrifugation and stained with potassium phosphotungstate were easily recognized by electron microscopy. Tear neutralizing antibody in the ultracentrifuged supernatant was detected by the neutralization test in monolayer HeLa cells grown in microtitration plates. The presence of virus particles and specific neutralizing antibody in tear specimens correlated with the serological findings.

Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic↗
PubMed1985

A case of conjunctivitis in a neonate due to Gardnerella vaginalis.

A case of conjunctivitis in a neonate caused by Gardnerella vaginalis is described. The diagnosis was confirmed by examination of a Gram-stained smear, isolation of the organism from the conjunctival swab, and also by response to treatment with chloramphenicol. The organism was probably derived from the mother's birth canal during delivery and the early rupture of membrane might be the predisposing factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Mycotic conjunctivitis: an overview.

Mycotic conjunctivitis is a clinical entity which is associated with soft contact lens wear. This paper reviews the laboratory research data about the cause, symptoms and therapy.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1985

[Early treatment of ocular herpes simplex. Apropos of 6 cases of herpetic conjunctivitis].

Six patients with previous history of herpetic keratitis were seen during the 48 first hours after the out set of a conjunctivitis. Herpes simplex virus type 1 was isolated in all cases. Treated immediately with trifluorothymidine, they healed quickly without developing any corneal lesions. These data suggest the use of early antiviral treatment in patients with recurrent herpetic keratitis, even preventive therapy in at risk patients in well known predisposing conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Acute iodine poisoning associated with sialadenitis, allergic vasculitis and conjunctivitis following administration of iodine-containing contrast media].

Sialadenitis ("iodide mumps") and allergic vasculitis are rare sequelae to administration of iodinated contrast media. The condition is characterized by rapid, painless, bilateral enlargement of salivary glands following administration of iodinated contrast media. An 81-year-old female patient with moderate renal failure is described in whom marked sialadenitis, allergic vasculitis with (in part) bloody blisters developed following excretory urography and digital subtraction angiography of the renal arteries. Additional but mild symptoms included fever and conjunctivitis. All lesions subsided completely within four weeks. A relation between blood iodine concentration and extent of the lesions could be demonstrated. The highest iodine level in serum determined was 70 600 micrograms/100 ml.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Giant papillary conjunctivitis: an overview.

Giant papillary conjunctivitis is a condition of the upper palpebral conjunctiva which has been associated with hard and soft contact lens wear. The condition is classified into four stages. The causes and course of therapy are discussed.

Conjunctivitis↗
PubMed1968

Studies in the epidemiology and control of seasonal conjunctivitis and trachoma in southern Morocco.

It has been noted in many parts of the world that bacterial conjunctivitis is a major cause of total or partial loss of vision. In addition, trachoma is aggravated if there are associated bacterial infections and these lead to more frequent corneal complications.In the trials described the seasonal variation of bacterial infections was studied in addition to trachoma in 3 pilot sectors in southern Morocco. The frequency of complications and late sequelae from these infections in the whole population of these sectors was also studied.In one of the sectors 3 different methods of limiting the regular seasonal increase in bacterial infections and of curing trachoma were evaluated separately or in combination. These included the effect of fly-suppression on the transmission of infection, a possible method of chemoprophylaxis, and intermittent treatment with chlortetracycline ointment.The effect of the latter, when applied to a whole population group by auxiliary personnel, was compared with the long-term effect of self-treatment, in this and the two other sectors.The total observation period covered 12 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Impression cytology in conjunctivitis.

A technique is described for studying the cellular response in various conjunctival disorders. A round plastic disc (Thermanox) is pressed against the patient's conjunctive, and the material adhering to the disc is stained with a modified Wright's stain (Diff-Quik) for light microscopy. This method compares favourably with the classic conjunctival scraping method. The advantages of the impression technique are that no local anesthetic is needed for abtaining conjunctival samples, it is painless and can readily be used in children, repeated samples can be taken within a short time, the staining procedure can be completed within 15 seconds, and the discs can be processed for electron microscopic studies of the cellular samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Replication of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis viruses in conjunctival-corneal cell cultures of mice, rabbits, and monkeys.

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) viruses--enterovirus type 70 (E70), and coxsackie-virus type A24 (CA24)--infect the superficial cells of the conjunctiva and cornea. We examined the growth of several E70 and CA24 isolates in monkey, rabbit, and mouse conjunctival and corneal (C/C) cells. We found that E70 isolates grew well in monkey (10(6.5) TCID50/ml), rabbit (10(4.5) to 10(5.5) TCID50/ml), and mouse (10(3.5) to 10(6.0) TCID50/ml) C/C cultures and caused cytopathic effects (CPE). In contrast, CA24 isolates replicated well and caused CPE only in monkey C/C cultures (10(6.5) TCID50/ml). These results show that E70 isolates grow readily in monkey, rabbit, and mouse C/C cells whereas CA24 isolates replicated in monkey C/C cells only. This finding is consistent with the suggestion that a lower animal reservoir may be a source of human infection by E70. These cell culture systems may be useful for studying virus-cell interactions and host defenses operating at the surface of the eye and for evaluating the feasibility of prophylactic or therapeutic use of interferon, interferon inducers, and/or antibody for controlling AHC virus infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

An epidemic of acute conjunctivitis caused by enterovirus-70 in Singapore in 1980.

The clinical, epidemiological and virological findings of the 1980 epidemic of acute conjunctivitis were described. Enterovirus 70 was isolated from 7 (35%) of 20 eye swabs submitted for virus isolation, and the paired sera of eight patients showed a four-fold or greater rise in neutralising antibody titre to Enterovirus 70. The disease mainly affected children and young adults of all ethnic groups. Most of the cases contracted the infection at home. The mean secondary attack rate was 72.6% and the mean incubation period, four days. The clinical features were similar to the 1970 and 1975 epidemics caused by Coxsackievirus A24. Subconjunctival haemorrhage was observed in 10% of the cases. Most of the cases recovered spontaneously within a week. Transmission of infection within the home was either indirect, probably through fomites contaminated with eye or respiratory discharges of cases, or direct, through intimate person-to-person contact. During outbreaks, health education on simple personal hygiene should be highlighted.

Acute Disease↗