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Results for “Bladder Exstrophy”

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PubMed2003

Abdominal wall defects.

The frequent use of prenatal diagnostic techniques including ultrasound and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein has increasingly led to detection of abdominal wall defects before birth. This prenatal detection creates the opportunity to influence neonatal outcome by alteration in management of pregnancy or delivery. The optimal management of an individual fetus depends on careful prenatal assessment of the abdominal wall defect, combined with experience and knowledge of the natural history for that particular lesion. A multidisciplinary approach to the fetus can improve neonatal outcome. Careful assessment for other structural anomalies and karyotype analysis should be performed. Delivery at a high-risk perinatal center should be encouraged. Currently, there is no convincing evidence to support routine cesarean section for most abdominal wall defects.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1977

Embryology of urinary incontinence.

Congenital incontinence may be divided into primary and secondary types. Primary incontinence refers to the development of a conduit which bypasses the normal sphincter mechanism, while secondary incontinence develops after a congenital outlet obstruction leads to bladder decompensation and overflow. The embryogenesis of the various forms of primary incontinence is described in detail and management is discussed.

Bladder Exstrophy↗
PubMed2005

Prenatal detection of congenital renal malformations by fetal ultrasonographic examination: an analysis of 709,030 births in 12 European countries.

The study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of prenatal ultrasound diagnoses for renal anomalies in 20 registries of 12 European countries, and to compare the different prenatal scanning policies. Standardized data were acquired from 709,030 livebirths, stillbirths, and induced abortions during the study period of 2.5 years and transmitted for central analysis. At least one renal malformation was diagnosed in 1130 infants and fetuses. Prenatal diagnosis (PD) was given in 81.8% of all cases, 29% of these pregnancies were terminated. The highest detection rate was reported for unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys with 97% (102/105). An early diagnosis was documented for exstrophy of bladder at a mean gestational age of 18.5 weeks. Dilatations of the upper urinary tract were seen late in pregnancy at 28.3 weeks. Terminations of pregnancies (TOP) were performed in 67% (58/86) of the detected bilateral renal agenesis/dysgenesis, but only 4% of the unilateral multicystic dysplastic renal malformations (4/102). In about 1/3 of the cases, renal malformations are within the category of associated malformations, which include multiple non-syndromal malformations, chromosomal aberrations, and non-chromosomal syndromes. Renal malformations were detected in 2/3 of the associated category by the first prenatal ultrasound scan. Detection rates vary in the different countries of the European community due to diverse policies, ethical, and religious background. Countries with no routine ultrasound show the lowest rates in detection, and termination of pregnancy. Prenatally detected renal malformations should result in a careful examination for further anomalies. Prenatal ultrasound fulfills the needs of screening examinations and is a good tool in detecting lethal and severe renal malformations.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed2003

Patent urachus with bladder eversion.

An infant was born at term after having received a diagnosis of omphalacele on prenatal ultrasound scan. She did not have an omphalacele but rather had a patent urachus with bladder eversion onto the abdominal wall. The remainder of the genitourinary tract was normal, and it was possible to pass a soft catheter through the urethra and out of the evaginated bladder. The prolapse was repaired without complications, and the infant recovered uneventfully. A voiding cystourethrogram and renal ultrasound scan were normal at 2 month follow-up. The embryology and malformations of the urachus are discussed, and the rare case reports of similar anomalies are reviewed.

Bladder Exstrophy↗
PubMed2004

Three new cases of disorganizationlike syndrome: one with accessory extrophia vesicalis.

The authors report 3 unrelated Turkish cases of disorganizationlike syndrome. All of these patients have accessory limbs, and 2 of them have accessory genitourinary structures. Interestingly, one of these patients has extrophia vesicalis of accessory bladder. None of them have chromosomal abnormality. Here the authors present distribution of findings of these cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2006

Recent advances in external genitalia.

In the last decade, significant progress in the knowledge and management of external genital anomalies has been achieved, including an improved understanding of epidemiology and pathophysiology of these anomalies, the identification of etiologic genetic defects, and significant improvements in surgical approaches that have decreased complications and improved cosmetic outcomes. We highlight the most clinically important advances of the commonly encountered external genital anomalies.

Bladder Exstrophy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shake, rattle, and roll.

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Abnormalities, Multiple↗