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PubMed1984

Confirmation of the borderline personality within a psychodynamic framework.

Using a psychodynamic framework and an underlying structural configuration, the borderline patient is described. Statistical methods are then used to differentiate this group from both a schizophrenic and a character disorder group of patients. The borderline group emerges as a clear-cut entity characterized by (1) the lack of an integrated self concept, and (2) a particular ego structure consisting of a specific pattern of superficial ego strengths and underlying ego weaknesses.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Borderline and other mental disorders in alcoholic female psychiatric patients: a case control study.

A random sample of female, nonalcoholic psychiatric outpatients, day and inpatients from one catchment area (n = 65; C group), was compared with female psychiatric patients with a DSM-III alcohol disorder (n = 64; A group). On DSM-III, axis, I, the frequency of additional symptom diagnoses, including depressions, was nearly equal. On axis II, the A group had an additional personality disorder significantly more often (81 vs. 46%), borderline personality disorder being the most frequent (66 vs. 11%). Among patients with depressive disorders, the differences between the A and the C group on axis II were the same. But alcoholic patients suffering from a major depressive disorder more frequently had a borderline personality disorder than other subgroups. The alcohol problems seem to be more related to ongoing personality problems than to episodic, symptomatic disorders. Female psychiatric patients with alcohol problems are diagnostically a heterogeneous group and should not be offered a uniform therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Interactions between depression and borderline personality disorder. A pilot study.

Although many nosologists advocate the autonomy of borderline personality disorder (BPD), its heterogeneity led to demands that it be absorbed into the affective disorder spectrum. This study attempted to determine if (a) BPD and affective disorders overlapped and (b) if BPD characteristics were differentially associated with specific Axis I, DSM-III diagnoses. Forty-three BPD inpatients were rated retrospectively on 29 variables, including BPD characteristics from Gunderson's diagnostic interview for borderlines (DIB). chi 2 analyses were performed for each of 28 variables in 56 contingency tables whose independent variables were dysthymia/other Axis I diagnoses or depression/no depression. BPD inpatients with dysthymia had more impaired occupational functioning and greater use of splitting. Also, depressed BPDs were in general more dependent, empty and bored, and suicidal.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1990

Discriminating borderline from neurotic patients. A study with the Holtzman Inkblot Technique.

The present study tried to separate 30 hospitalized borderline and 30 hospitalized neurotic patients by indicators of deviant thinking. Kolb and Gunderson's diagnostic interview for borderlines and the Holtzman Inkblot Technique (HIT) were applied as diagnostic instruments. It was possible to separate the two groups by the more severe degrees of deviant thinking with relatively high values for sensitivity and specificity (83 and 93%). If these results can be corroborated in cross-validations with independent samples, the HIT would be a very useful instrument for the discrimination of the two diagnostic groups.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Borderline conditions in childhood. A register-based follow-up study over a 22-year period.

The ICD-8 diagnosis applicable to borderline psychosis in children is psychosis limitaris infantilis (299.02). Results from a register-based study referring to all Danish children admitted between 1970 and 1992 and diagnosed borderline psychosis are presented here. A total of 415 children (332 boys and 83 girls) were admitted with a diagnosis of psychosis limitaris infantilis. At a follow-up examination in the Psychiatric Case Register 70% of those diagnosed with psychosis limitaris infantilis were found to have been re-admitted at least once to a psychiatric hospital. Thirteen percent of the boys and 19% of the girls, admitted more than once, had a diagnosis of schizophrenia after 5 years. This share increased after a 15-year period of observation to 24% in the group of boys, whereas the number of schizophrenic girls remained unchanged. One third of the boys and 17% of the girls were diagnosed with personality disorders, following a 15-year observation period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Short-term psychotherapy for the borderline personality disorder.

This paper presents concepts of short-term therapy as utilized with borderline personality disorder. Criteria for patient selection as well as contraindications for its use are presented. Many clinical symptoms are rubricated under borderline disorders. One major consideration in diagnosis is based on the discernment of when developmental arrests have occurred. The author's opinion is that short-term integrative psychotherapeutic procedures can be beneficial for patients struggling with any of the developmental subphases. The concepts expressed in this paper are mostly applicable to more developed individuals, who have progressed in differentiating themselves from others, but who still present primitive characteristics and relationships.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1981

The borderline-narcissistic personality disorder continuum.

The author describes the usefulness of conceptualizing patients with borderline and narcissistic personality disorders along a continuum, using three main developmental lines. A clinical example demonstrates progression, during psychotherapy, from the borderline end of the continuum to the narcissistic personality disorder end.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1981

Imipramine treatment of borderline children: case reports with a controlled study.

The authors discuss the borderline syndrome of childhood, review the pertinent literature, and present three case histories demonstrating the salient features of the clinical syndrome. Each patient failed to benefit from intensive hospital treatment until imipramine (5 mg/kg/day) was added to the treatment regimen. One child was treated in a double-blind, imipramine-placebo crossover protocol. Substantial improvement with imipramine was demonstrated in adaptive peer interactions, compliance, and bizarre behaviors. This strongly supports consideration of imipramine a part of the intensive inpatient treatment of the borderline syndrome in children.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1982

Borderline syndromes in childhood: criteria for diagnosis.

There is currently a great deal of confusion regarding the diagnostic status of children with borderline disorders and a tendency to apply criteria for borderline adults to the diagnosis of these children without allowing for developmental differences. On the basis of their experience with 24 latency-age children, the authors propose diagnostic criteria in an effort to establish a uniformity in the diagnosis of these children. Major areas of psychopathology include fluctuation of functioning, nature and extent of anxiety, thought content and processes, relationships to others, and lack of control. The authors also found a high frequency of organic impairment, physical abuse, and familial disturbance.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1984

Response of borderline and schizotypal patients to small doses of thiothixene and haloperidol.

The improvement in the clinical methods of identifying borderline subjects makes it necessary to reevaluate the efficacy of the treatment offered them. A random sample of 52 borderline and schizotypal patients was treated with two major neuroleptics, thiothixene and haloperidol, in a double-blind study. Eighty-four percent were markedly to moderately improved at 3-month follow-up; the patients responded better to thiothixene than to haloperidol. The main areas of positive response were those of cognitive disturbance, derealization, ideas of reference, anxiety, and depression. The patients also showed improvement in self-image and social functioning. There was no significant relationship between diagnosis and outcome of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Medicolegal pitfalls in the treatment of borderline patients.

Patients with the borderline syndrome, although not always the sickest patients, often cause the most difficulty because of their intense and contagious affects, their often impulsive behavior, and the strains they place on the treaters' countertransference. The author explores the hitherto ignored area of medicolegal problems that often arise in treatment of borderline patients. Specifically, he addresses the issues of legal ignorance of the syndrome, the effect of dynamic processes such as splitting and psychotic transference, problems regarding limit setting and related management approaches, and problems arising from countertransference phenomena. He suggests approaches to these problems as well.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1985

Stability and distinctness of borderline personality disorder.

In a 3-year follow-up study the authors examined the diagnostic stability of borderline personality disorder over time, its relation to affective disorder, and the severity of functional impairment. The data support the usefulness of borderline personality disorder as a diagnostic construct.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pseudologia fantastica in the borderline patient.

An infrequently described clinical feature sometimes associated with borderline personality disorder is pseudologia fantastica, or pathological lying. The author describes four cases of pseudologia fantastica in borderline patients. Clinical, forensic, and treatment implications of this disorder are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Intensive psychodynamic therapy with borderline patients: an overview.

The author reviews major controversies in the literature regarding techniques of intensive psychodynamic therapy with borderline patients. These include debates about the importance of content versus process in the therapist's early interventions, the origins of transference, the primacy of positive versus negative transference in therapeutic work, the usefulness of early interpretation of negative transference, and the therapist's role in providing "corrective" experiences. He suggests that different conceptions of borderline psychopathology, different patient populations studied, variations in therapists' personality styles, and emphasis on different phases of treatment may account for the diversity of treatment techniques advocated in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Suicide attempts in patients with borderline personality disorder.

Among 180 patients with DSM-III borderline personality disorder, patients with concurrent affective and substance use disorders had a higher rate of serious suicide attempts than other patients. Clinicians should be alert to axis I disorders in assessing suicide potential in borderline patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Perceptions of parental bonding in borderline patients.

Eighteen borderline and 29 nonborderline female patients were scored on perceptions of care and of protection by each of their parents. The two groups differed significantly in that borderline patients perceived less care than did nonborderline patients, particularly from their mothers.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗