Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SPONDYLOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Spectrum of imaging findings in hyperextension injuries of the neck.

Nonphysiologic hyperextension and lateral forces acting on the cervical spine and soft-tissue structures of the neck can result in a wide spectrum of injury patterns. Multiple factors (eg, patient age; the underlying morphologic features of the cervical spine; the magnitude, vector, and maximal focus of the force) all influence the observed patterns and the severity of injury. A review of the 5-year trauma database in two trauma centers revealed various injury patterns that were frequently recognized in patients with clinical evidence or historical documentation of a predominant hyperextension mechanism. Injuries included anterior arch avulsion and posterior arch compression fractures of the atlas, odontoid fractures, traumatic spondylolisthesis and teardrop fracture of C2, laminar and articular pillar fractures, and hyperextension dislocation injuries. More severe injuries were observed in patients with underlying predisposing conditions (eg, degenerative spondylosis, ankylosing spondylitis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis). Knowledge of the involved biomechanical factors provides a framework for understanding these injury patterns. Diagnostic imaging, especially computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, plays a fundamental role in the assessment of patients with suspected cervical injury. Furthermore, cross-sectional imaging facilitates the recognition of accompanying injuries to the face, the head, and the vascular structures of the neck.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2001

Radiculopathy and myelopathy in patients with primary cervical dystonia.

In a prospective series of 34 incident patients with primary cervical dystonia (CD), 6 showed clinical or radiological signs of cervical radiculopathy (RP) or myelopathy (MP) during the course of their movement disorder. Age at onset in these patients was in the range reported for pure spondylotic cervical RP without an accompanying movement disorder. Radiologically, spondylosis was mild in 1 case and absent in 2 cases. The intervals between onset of CD and RP were shorter than in literature reports of RP/MP in dystonic-athetotic patients of cerebral paresis. Clinically, RP/MP in patients with CD mostly appears at mid-cervical levels, whereas cases with cerebral paresis are more frequently affected at higher cervical segments. We propose that RP/MP does not occur more frequently in CD than in pure spondylotic cervical RP.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The importance of disinfection therapy using povidone-iodine solution in atopic dermatitis.

The combination of the local disinfection therapy against Staphylococcus aureus with the conventional therapy for atopic dermatitis has been widely used, and the improvement in skin lesions has been reported to be associated with a remarkable decrease in IgE levels and reagin antibody titers. We have already reported that affected organs were not only the skin but also the gastrointestinal tract in a case with atopic dermatitis. In the present study, the duodenal tissues were examined by biopsy in 32 patients with atopic dermatitis, and mild or chronic duodenitis was observed in all samples. Toxins were examined by PCR from 180 Staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from our patients. The detection rate of toxins was 82.8%. In many patients, antitoxin IgE antibody titers corresponding to their types of toxin and IgE levels were decreased in a parallel manner as time passed. We found 1 patient who complained of paresthesia in all four limbs, and her neurological and radiological examinations showed moderate cervical spondylosis. Neurological examinations revealed some abnormalities in 43 out of 50 patients with atopic dermatitis, such as hyperreflexia of the legs. Cervical MRI was carried out randomly and showed abnormal findings in 21 of 25 patients, in whom 18 duodenal tissues were examined by biopsies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Human alpha 1-microglobulin levels in neurological disorders.

The concentration of alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-m) in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) was measured in 121 patients with various neurological disorders. Using single radial immunodiffusion, its serum level was determined. No significant difference was found between the patients (29.1 +/- 4.3 mg/l; mean +/- 1 SD) and normal control group (23.7 +/- 4.6 mg/l). The level of CSF alpha 1-m was determined by the radioimmunoassay of solid antibody system. Its CSF level in the control group was 34.8 +/- 16.0 micrograms/l, while it was significantly increased in the patients with viral meningitis (p less than 0.01) and cerebral infarct (p less than 0.05). The level was also elevated in some cases of brain tumor, bacterial meningitis, cerebral hemorrhage, cervical spondylosis, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. There was a positive correlation between alpha 1-m and albumin levels in CSF. The analysis by CSF/serum albumin ratio and alpha 1-m ratio suggested that the increase of alpha 1-m in CSF could be explained mainly by an increase in permeability of the serum alpha 1-m through damaged blood brain barrier under these pathological conditions. Its local production within the central nervous system, however, could not be ruled out in these disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Familial young-adult-onset arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy with alopecia and lumbago without arterial hypertension.

Here we review a total of 17 patients, including 4 of our own, with young-adult-onset arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy, alopecia and lumbago without hypertension. All were Japanese and the illness seemed to be transmitted in an autosomal recessive fashion. The male to female ratio was 7.5:1. The age of onset usually ranged from 25 to 30 years. Acute lumbago, spondylosis deformans, diffuse baldness, and progressive motor and mental deterioration were common clinical features. Cerebral arteriosclerosis and white mater disease were demonstrated pathologically or radiologically. Although the pathogenesis has remained obscure, we think this is a new clinico-pathological entity distinct from the classic type of Binswanger's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Obesity and joint disease.

In male mice of strain C57Bl, obesity caused by intraperitoneal administration of aurothioglucose failed to alter the course of spontaneous osteoarthrosis. The distribution of osteoarthrosis of the knee joint and of spondylosis of the thoracic and lumbar spine was haphazard in regard to body weight, and levels of plasma and hepatic lipids. It is concluded that the arthrosis-promoting effects of fat-enriched diets are not mediated by the simultaneously occurring obesity.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Regional cerebral blood flow during an attack of vertebrobasilar insufficiency.

Using technetium-99m-labeled hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime [( 99mTc]HM-PAO) and single-photon emission computed tomography, we measured changes in regional cerebral blood flow in a 58-year-old man during an attack of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Angiography demonstrated compression of the left vertebral artery by the osteophytes of cervical spondylosis when the patient turned his head to the left. Measured in the orthostatic position while turning his head to the left during a typical attack of vertebrobasilar insufficiency, regional cerebral blood flow was significantly reduced in the left cerebellum and the right occipital region. Our study illustrates the capability of [99mTc]HM-PAO single-photon emission computed tomography to measure transient reductions in regional cerebral blood flow and to relate these changes to the pathophysiology of vertebrobasilar insufficiency.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory distress due to diffuse cervical hyperostosis.

Cervical spondylosis and ankylosing hyperostosis of the cervical vertebrae are common findings. Although these hypertrophic changes can be completely asymptomatic, it is known that dysphagia may occur occasionally in the presence of massive cervical hyperostosis. Laryngotracheal symptoms due to cervical hyperostosis are less frequent and may be managed initially as tumors of the esophagus, trachea, or thyroid gland. The management of two severe cases of dyspnea due to cervical ankylosing hyperostosis are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Degenerative changes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion evaluated by fast spin-echo MR imaging.

PURPOSE: To review pre- and postoperative fast spin-echo (FSE) MR images of disc herniation and spondylosis in patients after spinal cervical surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were reviewed of 68 patients after anterior discectomy and fusion (ADF) operations using the Cloward technique with solid single level (C5-C6 or C6-C7) or 2-level fusions (C5-C7). The average interval from surgery to review was 37 months. Age- and sex-matched controls without neck problems were examined. RESULTS: Preoperatively, the fusion groups had a higher incidence of protruded disc, and anterior and posterior osteophytes at the levels to be fused than the controls. Post-operatively, there was a significantly higher incidence of posterior osteophytes at the fused levels compared with the controls. Furthermore, the disc herniations and anterior osteophytes at the levels above and below the operated segments were more frequent in the fusion group. CONCLUSION: ADF causes acceleration of the degenerative changes at the fused level and at the levels below and above the fused segments.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1981

Miscellaneous rheumatological conditions treated in monitored-release studies with feprazone.

In two monitored-release studies of feprazone (Methrazone), one in hospital and the other in general practice and involving a total of about 4,000 patients, there were 343 patients with a variety of sero-negative rheumatological conditions or soft tissue lesions. The diagnoses included spondylosis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, capsulitis, frozen shoulder, polymyalgia rheumatica and gout. Most of the patients were classified as moderately or severely affected. Feprazone in a dose of 200 mg thrice daily appeared to benefit about 60% of patients during a course of 8 weeks of therapy. No serious adverse reactions directly attributable to the drug were recorded. About 20% of patients stopped treatment because of side-effects, usually gastro-intestinal disturbance or rash. Two patients experienced a marked fall in platelet count which might have been due to the drug, but neither developed any signs of thrombocytopenic purpura.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Visceral lesions in wild carnivores naturally infected with Spirocerca lupi.

Aortic lesions pathognomonic for Spirocerca lupi were found in 123 of 150 (82%) coyotes, Canis latrans, 23 of 66 (35%) bobcats, Felis rufus, one of five gray foxes, Urocyon cinereoargenteus and one of two red foxes, Vulpes vulpes, examined in West Texas. Adult nematodes in the esophagus were recovered from 11 of 150 (7%) coyotes. In the aorta there was initially an acute inflammatory response followed by an eosinophilic granuloma surrounding larval nematodes. The principal lesions was scarring of the aorta with replacement of elastic tissue with collagen. There was blockage of the intervertebral arteries, pitting and formation of granulomatous nodules on the intimal surface and scarring with diverticula and anuerysms in affected animals. The response to adult nematodes in the esophagus was usually a small eosinophilic granuloma surrounding the worms. There was no evidence of esophageal sarcoma or spondylosis deformans of thoracic vertebrae as reported in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Sympathetic skin response in patients with spinal cord injury.

PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of sympathetic skin response in evaluating peripheral sympathetic nerve activity of patients with spinal cord injury, and to report on the basic properties of sympathetic skin response. METHODS: Sympathetic skin response evoked by electrical stimulation was recorded from the palms and soles of healthy volunteers and patients with spinal cord injury. RESULTS: Sympathetic skin response was recorded in 17 healthy volunteers and 14 patients with spinal cord injury. Of the 4 waveforms, the shortest latency was obtained from the palm; the sympathetic skin response was 1.2 to 1.4 ms at all stimulated sites, 1.9 to 2.0 ms at the sole, with a difference of about 0.6 ms between the palm and the sole. None of the patients with spinal cord injury responded at either the upper or lower limbs. In patients with a thoracic cord injury, some responded at the upper limbs but none at the lower limbs; some responded at neither upper nor the lower limbs; and some responded at both upper and lower limbs. The conducting pathway of sympathetic skin response in the spinal cord for the upper limbs descends to the upper thoracic cord (T4-6), and the conducting pathway for the lower limbs departs from the spinal cord at the lower thoracic cord (T9-10). CONCLUSION: It appears that sympathetic skin response should be used for the evaluation and morbid investigation of the functional abnormalities of the sympathetic nervous system in patients with spinal cord lesions such as spinal cord injuries, cervical spondylosis, and spinal canal stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Morphological adaptation of the bone graft and fused bodies after non-instrumented anterior interbody fusion of the lower cervical spine.

PURPOSE: To assess the remodelling process of the bone graft and fused bodies after non-instrumented anterior interbody fusion with autogenous iliac graft in patients with spondylosis, infections, fractures, or disorders of the cervical spine. METHODS: 68 patients aged 18 to 58 years who underwent non-plated anterior lower cervical interbody fusion with an iliac graft were retrospectively studied. Diagnoses of the patients were degenerative disc diseases (n=32), disc herniation (n=15), fractures (n=13), and tuberculosis (n=8). The Robinson and Smith technique was used to treat degenerative disc diseases and protruded disc, and the Bailey and Badgley procedure for fractures or tuberculosis of the cervical spine. 34, 25, and 9 patients underwent one-, 2-, and 3-segment fusions, respectively. 18 of the 25 patients underwent two-segment fusion with a single large bone block, and 7 with 2 separate bone blocks for each segment. Four of the 9 patients underwent three-segment fusion with a single large bone block, and 5 used separate grafts for each segment independently. Plain and stress radiography was primarily used to assess the fusion. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were also used in some patients. Some anterior graft extrusion (amounting to less than 10% of corresponding anteroposterior body width) was used to observe the remodelling during graft-take and thereafter. Postoperative cervical traction for 2 to 4 weeks, then cervical collar immobilisation for 4 to 12 weeks were strictly followed according to the numbers of fused segments. A halo vest was applied in 4 patients with fracture undergoing 3-segment fusion as they could not tolerate the prolonged bed rest or rigid cervical brace. RESULTS: The mean time for the graft to fuse was 8.6 (range, 7-14) weeks in patients who underwent each segment fusion with independent free grafts, and 10 and 14 weeks in those who underwent 2- and 3-segment single large graft fusion, respectively. The final loss of disc height and joint angle were negligible, regardless of the extent of fusion. Bony absorption of the anteriorly protruded part of the graft began at postoperative week 10 (range, 6-28), which coincided with the time of graft-take and initiation of remodelling. CONCLUSION: The earliest sign of bony absorption of the anteriorly protruded part of the graft indicated the initiation of the graft-take and the graft remodelling. The inwaisting sign of the surgically fused block of vertebral bodies was a morphological adaptation. Despite the altered biomechanics of the spine in the fused area, the inwaisting sign indicated maintenance of normal function at the parafusion motion segments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Changes in the incidence of occupational disability as a result of back and neck pain in the Netherlands.

BACKGROUND: Back pain (including neck pain) is one of the most prevalent health problems for which physicians are consulted. Back pain can decrease the quality of life considerably during a great part of the lives of those who suffer from it. At the same time it has an enormous economic impact, mainly through sickness absence and long-term disability. The objective of this paper is to compare the incidence of occupational disability as a result of back and neck pain in 1980-1985 to 1999-2000 and to explain the findings. METHODS: A descriptive study was performed at population level of changes in incidence of occupational disability as a result of back and neck pain. Statistics from the National Institute of Social Insurance in the Netherlands are used to calculate age and gender specific incidence rates for back pain diagnoses based on the ICD-classification. Incidence rate ratios stratified according to gender and adjusted for age were calculated to indicate changes over time. RESULTS: The incidence of occupational disability as a result of back pain decreased significantly by 37% (95% CI 37%-38%) in men and with 21% (95% CI 20%-24%) in women, after adjustment for age. For overall occupational disability as a result of all diagnoses this was 18% (95% CI 18%-19%) and 34% (95% CI 33%-35%) respectively. Changes were not homogeneous over diagnostic subcategories and age groups. Spondylosis decreased most in men by 59% (95% CI 57%-61%). The incidence of non-specific back pain and neck pain increased most by 196% (95% CI 164%-215%). Post-laminectomy syndrome increased over all age categories both for men (85%, 95% CI 61%-113%) and women (113%, 95% CI 65%-179%). CONCLUSION: The decrease in occupational disability as a result of back pain was larger than the decrease in occupational disability over all diagnoses. However, time trends were not homogeneous over age-, nor over sex- nor back pain categories. Most of this decrease was due to general changes such as legal and economic changes. One of several additional explanations for a decrease is the changed view on management of back pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Predictive factors for the outcome of a multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme on sick-leave and life satisfaction in patients with whiplash trauma and other myofascial pain: a follow-up study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme on sick-leave, coping resources and life satisfaction in whiplash patients and other pain patients. SUBJECTS: Forty patients suffering from symptoms after whiplash trauma and 33 patients with musculoskeletal pain in the neck or back were recruited for this study. Ninety-seven consecutive patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery with cervical pain, cervical disc herniation or symptomatic spondylosis served as a control group. RESULTS: Decreased coping resources and poorer life satisfaction were observed for whiplash subjects at the beginning of the rehabilitation programme compared to the control group from the Department of Neurosurgery. After the rehabilitation period 49% of the patients had improved their coping resources totalling to 63% after 2 years. At that follow-up 46% of patients had increased their life satisfaction. Furthermore, the group with whiplash injury showed a significant increase in sick absenteeism whereas the group without whiplash trauma had decreased their sick-leave. Eighty-eight per cent of the subjects could be correctly classified according to their vocational outcome by means of discriminant function. The elapse of time since working, low life satisfaction, lack of increase in coping resources during the rehabilitation programme, ethnic origin of the patient and living in the countryside predicted poor vocational outcome. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest variables from the social environment and coping resources as useful predictors for treatment outcome.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

The responses of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and cerebrospinal fluid immunoreactive CRH in anorexia nervosa patients.

Pituitary-adrenocortical responses to the iv injection of 100 micrograms synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) were studied in 13 patients with anorexia nervosa, and the concentrations of immunoreactive CRH in cerebrospinal fluid were measured in 7 of them. Mean basal levels of plasma ACTH and cortisol were 32 +/- 5 pg/ml (+/- SEM) and 21.1 +/- 1.5 micrograms/dl, respectively. The latter value was significantly higher than that in age-matched normal women (P less than 0.005). The mean increments of plasma ACTH and cortisol in response to CRH injection in those 13 patients were 21 +/- 5 pg/ml and 5.3 +/- 1.7 micrograms/dl, respectively, significantly lower than those in normal women (58 +/- 6 pg/ml and 15.3 +/- 7.7 micrograms/dl, respectively; P less than 0.005). When 4 patients were reexamined after weight gains of between 3 and 22 kg, their responses to the CRH injection increased. The mean concentration of immunoreactive CRH in the cerebrospinal fluid of seven patients was 30.8 +/- 3.9 pg/ml (+/- SEM), which was higher than the value of 18.4 +/- 1.1 pg/ml (P less than 0.005) in control subjects with cervical spondylosis. These findings suggest the possibility that hypersecretion of CRH may occur in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Surgical treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: time for a controlled trial.

Surgical procedures on the cervical spine are accepted therapies for the myelopathy of cervical spondylosis. However, reported improvement rates vary widely, and many reports indicate improvement in about one-half of the cases. It has not been proven that outcome after surgery is better than the natural history or conservative therapy. Radiographic or imaging evidence of cord impingement or compression may be seen in asymptomatic people. There are no clear guides to the selection of patients who may benefit from the operation and there has been no standardization of preoperative evaluation, trials of conservative therapy, ascertainment of progressive disability, or assessment of outcome. A multicenter controlled trial might answer these questions.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1992

Segmental dysfunction of the cervical cord revealed by abnormalities of the spinal N13 potential in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

We studied somatosensory potentials (SEPs) evoked by stimulation of radial, median, and ulnar nerves in 11 patients with MRI evidence of cervical spondylosis. All patients presented with progressive spastic paraparesis that was either isolated or associated with lower motor neuron signs in the upper limbs, with preserved joint, touch, pain, and temperature sensations in the four limbs. In all patients, scalp SEPs reflecting the activity of the dorsal column system up to the parietal cortex were normal while segmental cervical cord dysfunction was manifested by an abnormal spinal N13 potential in 95% of radial, 90% of median, and 54% of ulnar nerve SEPs. These subclinical abnormalities of the spinal N13 SEP probably result from reduced blood supply due to compression of the anterior spinal artery in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Adult↗