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At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Clinical relevance of grief and mourning among Cambodian refugees.

From 1975 to 1979, one to two million Cambodians were executed or died of disease and starvation during the rule of the Pol Pot government. In the aftermath of that catastrophe, many survivors have developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. There is some evidence that the intrusive symptoms of this disorder, such as nightmares, sleep disorders, and startle reactions, can be treated with medication. But other psychosocial problems that are similar to those found in chronic grief, such as avoidance behavior, shame, and decreased involvement with other individuals, are more resistive to treatment. On a cross-cultural level, the interpretations of, or meanings given to, specific symptoms by the patient may be influenced by culturally-specific religious beliefs, rituals, and social traditions. For the clinician, these cultural factors have relevance not only for engaging the patient in treatment, but also in the planning of specific therapeutic interventions.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childrearing knowledge, beliefs, and practices of Cambodian refugees.

Forty Cambodian women in Seattle, Washington were interviewed to learn about their childrearing knowledge, beliefs, practices, and information resources. It was found that women who once relied on family and elders for advice now turned to pediatric providers and other clinic staff. Most women reported accurately the ages at which developmental milestones occur, with the exception of vision and hearing milestones. Their treatment of common childhood illnesses included both Western and Cambodian remedies. Beliefs about children's nature, discipline, learning, and reincarnation were explored. Implications for providers trying to support the parenting efforts of Cambodian women in the United States are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Anxiety sensitivity in traumatized Cambodian refugees: a discriminant function and factor analytic investigation.

We examined the psychometric properties and factor structure of a Cambodian translation of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) and an Augmented ASI (the ASI supplemented with a 9-item addendum that assesses additional Cambodian concerns about anxiety-related sensations). Both the ASI and the Augmented ASI distinguished among three diagnostic groups: highest score, PTSD with panic disorder (PP group); next, panic disorder without PTSD (P group); and then, other disorders than PTSD or panic disorder (O group). In the discriminant function analysis using the Augmented ASI, the best classificatory predictor (PP vs. P vs. O) was an Addendum item ("It scares me when I stand up and feel dizzy"). The principal component analysis (oblimin rotation) of the ASI yielded a 3-factor solution (I, Weak Heart Concerns; II, Control Concerns; III, Social Concerns) and of the Augmented ASI, a 4-factor solution (I, Weak Heart Concerns; II, Control Concerns; III, Wind Attack Concerns; IV, Social Concerns). The item clustering within the factor solution of both the ASI and Augmented ASI illustrates the role of cultural syndromes in generating fear of mental and bodily events.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed2005

On the medical edge: preparation of expatriates, refugee and disaster relief workers, and Peace Corps volunteers.

Travelers to extreme environments and those who spend long periods of time in settings with limited health care resources need to have more detailed pretravel screening and education than the routine short-term traveler. Expatriates, relief workers, and Peace Corps volunteers need to receive careful pretravel medical, dental, and psychologic screening before deployment. Knowledge of special risks associated with the environment in which they will be stationed is necessary to provide effective education about ways to reduce or eliminate the risk of illness and death. The travel medicine practitioner should also provide detailed, region-specific recommendations regarding emergency care while traveling in remote regions. Information on foreign medical facilities and practitioners should be gathered in advance and regularly updated. Many fee-for-service directories of overseas medical centers are often out of date and do not include emergency contact information. Once deployed, systems should be in place to ensure the traveler's continued personal safety and maintenance of good health. Although these systems are generally beyond the scope of work of travel medicine providers, it is important for the long-term traveler to be aware of the need to be prepared to deal with unexpected medical events. In the event of an overseas emergency, the travel medicine specialist may be called on to facilitate ground or air medical evacuation to the most appropriate medical center, to communicate treatment priorities and pertinent medical details to foreign medical providers, and to facilitate international air evacuation or repatriation if necessary. In each of these cases, the experience for the patient and the travel health professional is dramatically improved by adhering to risk-reduction measures, such as pretravel screening, pretravel health and safety education, and preparing for emergencies in advance.

Altitude Sickness↗
PubMed2005

Mental health, employment and gender. Cross-sectional evidence in a sample of refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina living in two Swedish regions.

Large regional differences regarding access to employment have been observed amongst persons from Bosnia-Herzegovina coming to Sweden in 1993-1994. This has led to questions about the role of mental health. To explore this further, postal survey questionnaires were distributed to a community sample (N = 650) that was stratified and, within strata, randomly selected from a sampling frame of persons coming to Sweden from Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1993-1994. Four hundred and thirteen persons returned the questionnaire providing a response rate of 63.5%. The aim was to increase knowledge about the relationship between mental health and employment in the chosen population. The main mental health outcome measure was the Göteborg Quality of Life instrument from which 360 respondents were grouped according to low or high symptom levels. Data were cross tabulated (chi2-tested) against background variables such as age, gender and occupational status, and then tested using binary logistic regression. Binary logistic regression revealed unemployed men but not women, and women who had been working for longer periods during 1993-1999, to be associated with high levels of symptoms of poor mental health. Women living in the urban region were also overrepresented in the high symptom group. These findings indicate that, job occupancy is important to the health of men in the study. However, for the women, further understanding is needed, as job occupancy at some level as well as living in the urban region appear to be associated with poor mental health.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Caring for non-combatants, refugees, and detainees.

The recently reported abuses at Abu Ghraib prison have brought the issue of medical care for displaced persons (DPs) to greater prominence. Natural disasters in the United States (eg, Hurricane Katrina) and elsewhere also require significant medical resources in situations that lack basic infrastructure. Intimate knowledge of the basic tenets of international law is crucial to the care of DPsin any capacity. This article provides an introduction to the Geneva Conventions and the medical and administrative issues that form a framework on which to base DP care.

Codes of Ethics↗
PubMed2004

Isolation and identification of an enterovirus 77 recovered from a refugee child from Kosovo, and characterization of the complete virus genome.

The complete nucleotide sequence of an enterovirus 77 isolate is reported. The virus designated FR/CF496-99 (France/Clermont-Ferrand 496-1999) was recovered from the feces of a 4-year-old child hospitalized for Salmonella gastroenteritis. The virus was identified by a molecular typing assay based on the genomic sequence encoding the VP1 capsid protein. The phylogenetic analysis based on the VP1 sequence demonstrated that the enterovirus isolated in the child clustered with viruses included in the human enterovirus B species (HEV-B) and was most closely related to enterovirus 77. A sliding window analysis of the complete genome showed an overall nucleotide similarity >80% between the P3 genomic region of the FR/CF496-99 isolate and that of the echovirus 30 prototype strain. A comparative analysis based on partial 3D(pol) sequences showed that the FR/CF496-99 virus was more closely related to recent enteroviruses from different serotypes and different geographical areas than to the prototype strains collected in the 1950s. This suggests that, in this enterovirus, the 3D(pol) encoding sequence is of recent origin.

Capsid Proteins↗