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At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Social and medical problems of occupational health of railway workers].

The article "Social and medical problems of healthcare in railway transport" presents principal factors influencing railway workers' health. The factors are those of social importance and influencing occupational suitability, general morbidity and morbidity with transitory disablement, disability in railway transport and its causes. The article shows therapeutic, sanitary and epidemiologic, social measures of prophylaxis for better work conditions and preservation of railway workers' health.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[A railway accident a hundred years ago as reason for systematic testing of colour vision (author's transl)].

Holmgren's supposition that colour blindness was one of the causes for the train-disaster which happened on 15th November 1875 near Lagerlunda had been passed on as an established fact. The course of the accident is outlined on the basis of the court records. It shows that not colour blindness, but the fact that the engine-driver and the station-master were acting contrary to regulations resulted in the head-on collision with the opposite train. After this event systematic testing of colour vision in railway-men was instituted and the methods of examination were considerably improved.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2000

Decompression scenarios in a new underground transportation system.

BACKGROUND: The risks of a public exposure to a sudden decompression, until now, have been related to civil aviation and, at a lesser extent, to diving activities. However, engineers are currently planning the use of low pressure environments for underground transportation. This method has been proposed for the future Swissmetro, a high-speed underground train designed for inter-urban linking in Switzerland. HYPOTHESIS: The use of a low pressure environment in an underground public transportation system must be considered carefully regarding the decompression risks. Indeed, due to the enclosed environment, both decompression kinetics and safety measures may differ from aviation decompression cases. METHOD: A theoretical study of decompression risks has been conducted at an early stage of the Swissmetro project. A three-compartment theoretical model, based on the physics of fluids, has been implemented with flow processing software (Ithink 5.0). Simulations have been conducted in order to analyze "decompression scenarios" for a wide range of parameters, relevant in the context of the Swissmetro main study. RESULTS: Simulation results cover a wide range from slow to explosive decompression, depending on the simulation parameters. Not surprisingly, the leaking orifice area has a tremendous impact on barotraumatic effects, while the tunnel pressure may significantly affect both hypoxic and barotraumatic effects. Calculations have also shown that reducing the free space around the vehicle may mitigate significantly an accidental decompression. CONCLUSION: Numeric simulations are relevant to assess decompression risks in the future Swissmetro system. The decompression model has proven to be useful in assisting both design choices and safety management.

Accidents↗
PubMed2000

Traumatic lumbar hernia.

Lumbar hernias occur infrequently; however, after trauma, they can present challenging problems in management. Unlike congenital or primary acquired lumbar hernias, posttraumatic lumbar hernias result from a disruption in normal anatomic boundaries and may require extensive reconstruction. We describe a case of lumbar hernia in a patient who had been crushed between two train cars, review the anatomy of the lumbar region, and identify treatment options.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed2000

Soil and plant contamination with heavy metals in the area of the old railway junction Tarnowskie Góry and near two main railway routes.

Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mo, Zn, Co, Cu) content was determined in soil and plant samples collected in the different areas of the railway junction Tarnowskie Góry, as well as, near two main railway routes, i.e. Warsaw-Gdańsk and Katowice-Gdynia. In Tarnowskie Góry soil and plant samples were collected in four functional parts of the junction, i.e. the rolling stock cleaning bay, platform area, railway siding and loading ramp. It was found that the contamination of soil and plants by heavy metal was the highest in loading ramp. A particularly high pollution level of copper was observed. The contamination level near the railway routes decreased accordingly to the distance from routes which suggests pollutant role of railway transport.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Main factors of occupational risk for railway workers].

The paper shows the specific features of development of occupational diseases associated with the classes of working conditions by the degree of hazard and risk. It provides a scientifically founded evidence for that the indicators of a potential risk of working conditions should be included into the methodology of assessment of a professional risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Health status of workers contacting chrysotile asbestos waste on railway objects].

Asbestos dust associated with other factors induces more hazardous effects, than if acting solely. That is seen especially in women whose morbidity grows 1.5-2.0 times higher than in men of the same occupations. Further studies are recommended for better knowledge asbestos dust influence under provocative action of other hazards.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The functional state of the sympathetic-adrenal and pituitary-adrenocortical systems during chronic neuro-emotional stress].

A study was made of the function of the sympatho-adrenal and hypophysio-adrenocortical systems by the indices of catecholamine and corticosteroid urinary excretion in the dispatchers of railway lines during the day and night, at rest and shift work associated with the nervous-emotional strain. The working activity both during the day and night produced a 1.5--3-fold increase in catecholamine and corticosteroid excretion. Night work was accompanied by disturbance of the normal circadian variations in the activity of the systems under study After work the function of the hypophyseo-adrenocortical system was restored on the second day of rest; as the the sympathico-adrenal system function--it failed to become completely normalized during the mentioned time.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed2000

[Male breast tumors in railway engine drivers: investigation of 5 cases].

The paper describes the results of the investigation carried out on five cases of male breast tumours in railway engine drivers notified to the public Occupational Health Service of Florence in 1999. The aim was to evaluate the possibility of professional extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF) exposure etiology. The extent of this exposure is described with particular care to engine drivers, comparing the one measured in Italy with those reported in other countries.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

[The effect of electromagnetic fields on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in humans].

Reports concerning a decrease of blood fibrinolytic activity in humans during electromagnetic storms, abortions in women working with or near screen monitors and sudden cardiac death in locomotive drivers, decided to examine the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in workmen staying in areas of electromagnetic waves--25 locomotive drivers, 23 persons working with monitors and control groups. The result of the performed studies allowed me to draw the following conclusions: 1) Professional contact with electromagnetic fields had its influence upon changes in the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in the examined persons. 2) Increased activity of inhibitor of plasminogen activator (PAI-I), the main factor inhibiting fibrinolysis is ascertained in both investigated groups. 3) Precise knowledge concerning PEM influence on the examined systems has its prophylactic and epidemiologic significance.

Adult↗