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At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Work stress and depressive symptoms among Japanese information systems managers.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the task-specific work stressors of IS (Information Systems) managers and to analyze the effect of these work stressors on depressive symptoms among these managers. A questionnaire including 33 items on work stressor was designed. Three hundreds of samples were gathered. The response-rate was 66.4%. Factor analysis suggested that these 33 items were categorized into 8 factors; job-overload, project-management, mental-rewards, job-latitude, communication with users, career development, technical difficulty, and work-environment. Eight work stressor scores were constructed using this Factor analysis. Using the 8 stressor-scores, and 6 items of background data, multiple regression analysis was conducted on the depressive symptoms score. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. The results showed that the factors of project-management, mental-rewards, and job-overload had significant effect on depressive symptoms (p < 0.01). It is indicated for the first time that software project management affects depressive symptoms in systems managers.

Depression↗
PubMed2001

Performance of constructed wetland system for public water supply.

The project is being conducted in the town of Analândia, São Paulo, Brazil. The constructed wetlands system for water supply consists of a channel with floating aquatic macrophytes, HDS system (Water Decontamination with Soil-Patent PI 850.3030), chlorinating system, filtering system and distribution. The project objectives include investigating the process variables to further optimize design and operation factors, evaluating the relation of nutrients and plants development, biomass production, shoot development, nutrient cycling and total and fecal coliforms removal, comparing the treatment efficiency among the seasons of the year; and moreover to compare the average values obtained between February and June 1998 (Salati et al., 1998) with the average obtained for the same parameters between March and June 2000. Studies have been developed in order to verify during one year the drinking quality of the water for the following parameters: turbidity, color, pH, dissolved oxygen, total of dissolved solids, COD, chloride, among others, according to the Ministry of Health's Regulation 36. This system of water supply projected to treat 15 L s(-1) has been in continuous operation for 2 years, it was implemented with support of the National Environment Fund (FNMA), administered by the Center of Environmental Studies (CEA-UNESP), while the technical supervision and design were performed by the Institute of Applied Ecology. The actual research project is being supported by FAPESP.

Biomass↗
PubMed1977

A cooperative pharmacy project: an autopsy on a community health intervention.

An attempt to implement a cooperative pharmacy project within a public housing project for the elderly is described. It was designed to provide low-cost prescriptions and pharmaceutical counseling as well as a coordinated record system for the elderly residents and other members of the senior citizens association. The resistance of local pharmacists and others caused substantial alterations to be made, eliminating the more consumer-oriented elements and emphasizing the more professional and technical aspects. Because of insufficient participation by the pharmacists and the consumers, the project died. The reasons for this failure are explored.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A numerical method of population projection.

"In this paper a numerical method has been developed to project the total population of a geographical region. The method has been applied to the Indian situation. It is found that the total population of India was expected to lie between [836 million and 850 million in 1991 and between 986 million and 1,042 million] in 2001."

Asia↗
PubMed1990

[The rapid aging of the Italian population].

"After comparing demographic aging in Italy and in some other countries, the authors present some results at the municipal, provincial, regional and macro-regional level, for the 1953-1988 period, with projections until 2018. Spatial disparities are impressive: in 1988, in some regions the 60 and over age group already represented 40% of the population and was four times more numerous than the population less than 15 years old." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Barriers of HIPAA regulation to implementation of health services research.

Although many perspectives on the impact of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) on health services research have been wide spread, little empirical evidence has been reported about HIPAA-related barriers during the implementation of research projects. Using three cases of health services research projects, this study examined practical barriers created by HIPAA regulation. During the stage of implementation of the three projects, we experienced some HIPAA-related concerns, previously raised in the field of health services research. We found that technically complicated consent forms and privacy protection forms as well as socially-sensitive clinical conditions make patients less willing to participate in research projects; concerns about safety of patient medical information makes health organizations more hesitant to let researchers have access to the patient's information, especially through electronic transfer; more restrictive IRB processes and challenging patient recruiting processes make health services researchers reluctant to go through the process; and as a result, they may compromise with the scientific soundness of the project. Overall, HIPAA complicates the research process and requires more resources and longer time to conduct research.

Chicago↗
PubMed1992

Projecting the future size and health status of the U.S. elderly population.

"A projection model based on a multivariate continuous state, stochastic process is presented. The model allows multiple time-varying covariates to be used so parameters can be estimated from time series information on health changes and mortality, and their interaction. Health changes are simulated by altering parameters controlling the age trajectory and diffusion of risk factor means, variances, and covariances....By increasing the information used in projections it may be possible to better (a) anticipate the state of health at extreme ages, (b) forecast changes in health at specific ages over time, (c) stimulate the effects of specific interventions, and (d) determine the sensitivity of outcomes to a range of interventions."

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Modeling and projecting mortality in Chile].

"In a recent paper, Lee and Carter developed a new method for analyzing and forecasting time series of age specific mortality, and applied it to the U.S. population. In this paper, we extend that method to deal with various problems of incomplete data common in Third World populations, and then apply the method to forecast mortality in Chile." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Americas↗
PubMed1992

[The demographic transition in Finland and Hungary].

"The study compares demographic transition in Finland and Hungary in the 1881-1986 period. The analysis focuses on the classical two-factor model of demographic transition, i.e. the effect of fertility and mortality on the number and age composition of inhabitants.... The author [also] presents six population projections, prepared with the [cohort] method, covering the period of 1991-2041. By means of these he compares the likely changes in the number and age composition of inhabitants in Finland and Hungary." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Re-establishing a sustainable wetland at former Lake Karla, Greece, using Ramsar restoration guidelines.

Lake Karla, Greece, was almost completely drained in 1962 both to protect surrounding farmlands from flooding and to increase agricultural area. Loss of wetland functions and values resulted in environmental, social, and economic problems. A number of restoration plans were proposed to address these problems. The plan approved by the government in the early 1990s proposed construction of a 4200-ha reservoir solely to improve water storage and flood attenuation functions. However, the Ramsar Scientific and Technical Review Panel states that the primary goal of any restoration project is to create resilient and sustainable ecosystems, as measured on a human timescale, in order to improve the ecological character and enhance the socioeconomic role that the wetland plays in the watershed. This study utilizes Ramsar guidelines for sustainable restoration of Lake Karla. Eight additional restoration measures are proposed based on functional analysis of the wetland to enhance additional wetland functions and support multiple values for humans and nature.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1995

Vaccine development from a commercial point of view.

The development of a commercial vaccine comprises distinct stages. Initiation of a research project is triggered by demands from the market. If commercial and technical requirements are met, a feasibility study is carried out. Research is started, and aimed at formulating the product profile (what the product looks like). The product profile is subject to requirements set by the market (e.g. whether the product will fit into existing vaccination schedules) and very often technical aspects affect the product profile (e.g. whether the freeze-dried product is easy to reconstitute). Only after a cost-profit analysis is positive, the development phase is entered. During this phase, experiments are carried out to obtain registration. After the product has been registered it is ready for production and marketing. Only few vaccines for hemoparasitic diseases have reached the market. These comprise: attenuated parasites (Toxoplasma gondii, Eimeria species); killed vaccines (Anaplasma marginale) and subunit vaccines (Babesia canis). Factors relating to the product potential of these vaccines are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The potential to reduce emissions of airborne microorganisms by means of biological waste gas treatment systems.

Investigations regarding the reduction of airborne germs in the waste gas of biowaste composting processes have been carried out at the Hamburg University of Science and Technology and the University of Leipzig. Numerous waste gas treatment plants, ranging from laboratory-scale to technical-scale, have been available at the institutes of these two project partners. All plants consisted of bioscrubber/biofilter combinations. The results showed that these biological systems designed for odour control are able to successfully reduce bioaerosol emissions, even though a reduction to background levels could not be achieved. The bioscrubber, if equipped with a droplet separator, proved to be mainly responsible for the reduction, whereas the biofilter acted as a source for microbial emissions originating from the filter material. It could be observed that the microbial population changed while passing the treatment system, indicating the ability of biological waste gas treatment systems to retain potentially pathogenic microorganisms from waste gases.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed2000

Use of technetium-99m-labeled colloid albumin for preoperative and intraoperative localization of nonpalpable breast lesions.

BACKGROUND: Management of clinically occult breast lesions is still a major point of debate. Several techniques (eg, skin projection, guidewire localization) have been proposed, but all of them have technical limitations. STUDY DESIGN: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a new method to locate occult breast lesions using technetium-99m (99mTc)-labeled colloid particles of human serum albumin (radioguided occult lesion localization). We studied 647 consecutive patients (mean age 51.3 years; range 25 to 77 years) with nonpalpable breast lesions detected mammographically or by ultrasonography. Within 24 hours before operation, 3.7 MBq (0.1 mCi) of 99mTc-labeled colloid was injected directly into the center of the lesion using stereotactic mammographic guidance (when only microcalcifications were present) or ultrasonographic guidance (for opacities). Excision biopsy was performed with a gamma-detecting probe. After excision, the area was checked for residual radioactivity and the specimen was radiographed to verify complete removal of the lesion. The material was then sent for pathologic examination. The absorbed dose to the inoculated area and the external irradiation to staff were also determined. RESULTS: In all 647 patients, the "hot spot" was located easily and quickly. X-ray and scintigraphy of the specimen verified the presence and centricity of the lesion in all patients but three (99.5%). Pathologic examination revealed 340 cancer lesions (52.6%). Of these patients, 339 (99.7%) were treated by breast-conserving operations and one (0.3%) received a modified radical mastectomy. No major surgical or postoperative complications were encountered. No recurrences were documented during follow-up. The absorbed dose to the breast and other tissue was negligible (0.03 +/- 0.02 mGy/MBq), as was the dose to the surgeon's hands (7.5 +/- 5.0 microSv/h). The latter dose represents 0.015% and 0.002% of the recommended limits of the European Community for the general population and for exposed workers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Radioguided occult lesion localization seems to offer a simple and reliable method to locate occult breast lesions with a gamma-detecting probe, allowing complete removal of the lesion in 99.5% of patients. Because of the small quantity of radioactivity, the procedure is safe for both patients and medical staff.

Adult↗