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At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Attraction and trapping of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) with host odors in the laboratory.

Volatile constituents of mouse odor were eluted from an adsorbent after collection within a closed-air system, and offered to host-seeking yellowfever mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.), in the laboratory. Gas chromatographic analysis showed that individual mouse odors varied in blend, both quantitatively and qualitatively. In a 2-choice bioassay, sticky traps baited with individual mouse odors caught more female mosquitoes than controls (69% caught on baited traps) in all cases. When 2 traps baited with volatiles from the empty collection system were used, no preference occurred (46 and 54%), and fewer mosquitoes (22% of total) were caught overall than when a baited trap was present (46% of total). Equal numbers of male mosquitoes were caught on baited and control traps. Results demonstrated that Ae. aegypti can be attracted to entrained and eluted host odor without the addition of other attractants.

Aedes↗
PubMed1994

[Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti at Ile de la Réunion].

Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are both found on the island. The former, being the probable vector of dengue on the island, is highly anthropophilic. It breeds in domestic environments as well as in natural breeding sites. The latter has a more restricted distribution and is never anthropophilic. Larvae of Ae. aegypti are only found in natural habitats, always associated with Ae. albopictus, but in small proportions. Such an ecology and behaviour for the typicus form of Ae. aegypti are abnormal. Several hypothetic explanations are proposed. Dengue prevention should be based solely on Ae. albopictus control.

Aedes↗
PubMed2006

Apoptosis in mosquito midgut epithelia associated with West Nile virus infection.

The mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens is a documented vector of West Nile virus (WNV, Flaviviridae, Flavivirus). Our laboratory colony of C. p. pipiens, however, was repeatedly refractory to experimental transmission of WNV. Our goal was to identify if a cellular process was inhibiting virus infection of the midgut. We examined midguts of mosquitoes fed control and WNV-infected blood meals. Three days after feeding, epithelial cells from abdominal midguts of mosquitoes fed on WNV fluoresced under an FITC filter following Acridine Orange staining, indicating apoptosis in this region. Epithelial cells from experimental samples examined by TEM exhibited ultrastructural changes consistent with apoptosis, including shrinkage and detachment from neighbors, heterochromatin condensation, nuclear degranulation, and engulfment of apoptotic bodies by adjacent cells. Virions were present in cytoplasm and within cytoplasmic vacuoles of apoptotic cells. No apoptosis was detected by TEM in control samples. In parallel, we used Vero cell plaque assays to quantify infection after 7 and 10 day extrinsic incubation periods and found that none of the mosquitoes (0/55 and 0/10) which imbibed infective blood were infected. We propose that programmed cell death limits the number of WNV-infected epithelial cells and inhibits disseminated viral infections from the mosquito midgut.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

The susceptibility of Culex pipiens fatigans larvae to insecticides in Rangoon, Burma.

Since April 1963, the susceptibility to insecticides of larvae of Culex pipiens fatigans has been extensively studied by the WHO Filariasis Research Unit in Rangoon, Burma, as part of a programme of research aimed at establishing which compound or group of compounds could be used to control the vector of filariasis.Larvae from various localities in Rangoon showed wide variations in susceptibility to chlorinated hydrocarbons. There were also seasonal variations and it was difficult to standardize test conditions. Nevertheless, resistance to this group of compounds, especially DDT, sufficient to prevent control has been clearly demonstrated. As C. p. fatigans has never been subjected to intensive control by insecticides in Rangoon, the results confirm the findings made elsewhere that this mosquito is naturally resistant to chlorinated hydrocarbons.The larvae are, however, susceptible to organophosphorus compounds, especially fenthion and parathion.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Mosquito transgenesis: what is the fitness cost?

The generation of transgenic mosquitoes with a minimal fitness load is a prerequisite for the success of strategies for controlling mosquito-borne diseases using transgenic insects. It is important to assemble as much information as possible on this subject because realistic estimates of transgene fitness costs are essential for modeling and planning release strategies. Transgenic mosquitoes must have minimal fitness costs, because such costs would reduce the effectiveness of the genetic drive mechanisms that are used to introduce the transgenes into field mosquito populations. Several factors affect fitness of transgenic mosquitoes, including the potential negative effect of transgene products and insertional mutagenesis. Studies to assess fitness of transgenic mosquitoes in the field (as opposed to the laboratory) are still needed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Efficacy of a flowable concentrate formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (H-14) against larval mosquitoes in southern Iran.

A flowable concentrate formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (H-14) [Bactimos FC (1000 ITU/mg)] was evaluated for the control of mosquito larvae in simulated ponds and natural breeding sites in Kazeroun (Fars Province), southern Iran. A comparison was made with Abate emulsifiable concentrate. Bactimos FC caused 93-96% anopheline and 97% culicine larval mortality 24 h posttreatment in simulated ponds and natural breeding sites, when used at the rate of 0.2 cc/m2. Abate (0.015 cc/m2) resulted in significantly higher anopheline (98.1%) and culicine (100%) mortality at 24 h posttreatment. There was a relatively sharp decline in larval mortality 48 h posttreatment when Bactimos FC was applied. Five-day applications were suggested to prevent pupal production.

Analysis of Variance↗