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Implant and provisional crown placement: a one stage protocol.

Most endosseous implant systems are placed using a two-stage surgical procedure. The surgical stages are separated by a period of 4 to 6 months to allow osseointegration. At Stage-I surgery, the implant is fixed in bone and submerged under mucosa, while at Stage-II surgery, the implant is exposed and the transmucosal abutment is connected to the implant. The one-stage nonsubmerged surgical procedure with immediate transmucosal extension using traditional two-stage implant systems is being used to treat partial and complete edentulism. This is a case report of 10 patients treated with endosseous implants in the maxillary anterior region with immediate provisionalization using a one-stage surgical procedure. The investigators found that all patients experienced minimal discomfort from complications after the one-stage surgery and immediate placement of the provisional restoration. No signs of inflammation or mobility were observed during the first 6 months. The partially edentulous anterior maxilla can be restored to an esthetic form in a single clinic visit.

Adult↗

Onlay partial denture technique for assessment of adequate occlusal vertical dimension: a clinical report.

Clinical treatments that require restoration of occlusal vertical dimension pose a challenge to prosthodontists. This article describes the modification of existing removable partial dentures into onlay interim prostheses. This process allowed the patient's tolerance to the restored occlusal vertical dimension, esthetics, and phonetics to be evaluated before irreversible changes were made to the dentition.

Acrylic Resins↗

Transferring anterior occlusal guidance to the articulator.

Anterior disclusion has become accepted as an optimal therapeutic model in the restoration of the anterior dentition. The ability to achieve anterior disclusion is influenced by the anterior determinants of esthetics, phonetics, skeletal relation, tooth position, abutment distribution, and alveolar bone support in addition to the posterior condylar determinants. Temporary restorations are made to incorporate these factors and it becomes necessary to transfer the information to working models of the articulator. A technique is described whereby a wax or silicone index fixed partial denture is made at chairside, duplicating the temporary restoration that is directly transferable to the working casts of the articulator. This technique allows the technician to make final restorations according to the index fixed partial denture, thus incorporating the anterior determinants of occlusion in conjunction with the posterior condylar determinants specific to each patient.

Dental Articulators↗

A rapid procedure for shortening canine teeth of nonhuman primates.

A modified pulp cap procedure was utilized to shorten canine teeth of nonhuman primates. A temporary cap was made by cutting the tooth with a diamond-faced cutting disc, making a conical cavity in the tooth with a carbide dental burr, and filling the cavity with a rapid-hardening filler material. A permanent pulp cap was made by repeating the above technique, making three anchor holes, connecting the holes with a furrow, and capping with quick-setting dental restorative material or amalgam. These procedures provided a simple, rapid and uncomplicated alternative to canine tooth extraction.

Animals↗

A new procedure to reinforce fixed provisional restorations.

The typical unreinforced fixed partial denture provisional restoration commonly fails because of fractures and loss of cement retention. A procedure to reinforce the provisional restoration with a substructure of orthodontic band material has dramatically increased the longevity of this restoration. The procedure requires commonly available materials without a significant increase in cost or construction time.

Acrylic Resins↗

Longitudinal evaluation of the seal of IRM root end fillings.

IRM has been recommended for root end filling during endodontic surgery. This study evaluated the seal of IRM root end fillings prepared with various powder to liquid ratios (P:L) at extended time intervals using a fluid filtration method. The P:L of IRM evaluated included 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g/ml and the P:L which resulted from the manufacturer's recommended scoop and dropper. Ten teeth were evaluated for microleakage for each group at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 wk after insertion. There were no significant differences in the microleakage of any of the various P:L groups at weeks 3, 8, and 12. These results suggest that higher P:L of IRM than those previously recommended for temporary restorations and for endodontic access preparations may be acceptable for root end fillings. IRM of higher P:L has other advantages such as ease of placement and decreased setting time, toxicity, and solubility.

Analysis of Variance↗

[A clinical study on immediate implantation of particulate hydroxylapatite artificial bone after teeth extraction].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect and complication of immediate implantation of particulate hydroxylapatite artificial bone after teeth extraction. METHODS: Particulate hydroxylapatite artificial bone was implanted into 65 extraction sockets after teeth extraction. All patients were followed up until 3 months after the operation. They are examined with clinical examination and X-ray examination to observe the effect and complication of the implantation operation. RESULTS: The wound healed well in all cases without any complication. Compared to the alveolar ridge before teeth extraction, and the height of the alveolar ridge after teeth extraction didn't decrease. CONCLUSION: Implantation of particulate hydroxylapatite artificial bone after teeth extraction could maintain the height of the alveolar ridge and reduce the complication of teeth extraction. It would be helpful for the following prosthetic restoration. The immediate implantation of artificial bone is therefore needed further study.

Adult↗

Temporization of abutment teeth preparations for existing removable partial dentures.

An important aspect of restoring an abutment tooth for an existing removable partial denture is the construction of a temporary crown that fits an existing clasp so that the removable partial denture can be worn during the treatment procedures. A technique is illustrated that used a soft adjustable temporary metal crown for that purpose.

Crowns↗

Esthetic restoration of the traumatized and surgically reconstructed anterior maxilla.

UNLABELLED: A car accident victim can lose not only anterior teeth but also the soft- and hard-tissue support for these teeth. This article describes a step-by-step approach to the treatment protocol for an accident victim in whom anterior teeth and the supporting tissues have been lost. The protocol is systematic and can be used for most accident cases, where the functional and esthetic demands are very high. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This article demonstrates how excellent teamwork among the dentist, implant surgeon, and laboratory technician can result in a well-conceived and successful restoration following traumatic injury of the dentition.

Accidents, Traffic↗

Evaluation of dentin permeability after light activated internal dental bleaching.

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess quantitatively the dentin permeability of human teeth after intracoronal bleaching therapy with 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by LEDs, halogen lamp or using the walking bleach technique. Forty human maxillary central incisors had standard access cavities performed and the cervical thirds of the canals were prepared with Gates-Glidden drills up to a size 130. Roots were resected between the coronal and middle thirds and the apical portions were discarded. A glass ionomer, 2 mm thick cervical plug was placed inside the canal, at the cement-enamel junction level. Group I received 35% hydrogen peroxide gel activated by LEDs. Group II was submitted to 35% hydrogen peroxide gel activated by halogen lamp. Group III received 35% hydrogen peroxide gel and the walking bleach technique was followed. Group IV (control) received a dry cotton pellet inside the pulp chamber with temporary restoration. Dentinal permeability was quantified by copper ion penetration. Linear measurements were obtained by analysis of digital images under x 5 magnification. Mean values and SD for the experimental groups were: I, 7.1% (+/-3.2%); II, 8.4% (+/-3.0%); III, 9.1% (+/-3.0%); IV, 1.3% (+/-2.8%). One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the results. Results showed an increase of permeability values for groups I, II and III when compared to group IV (control); however, no statistical differences were found between the three tested bleaching techniques. It can be concluded that 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by LED, halogen lamp or used following the walking bleach technique produced similar increase in dentinal permeability.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗

Orthodontics. Provisional restorations and appliances.

Critical to optimal patient care is the proper sequencing of treatment for the integration of multidisciplinary procedures in solution of dental problems. Provisional restorations and appliances play a particularly critical role in management of adult mutilated or periodontally involved dentitions. They also play an important role for young patients with teeth lost through trauma or that are congenitally missing and require orthodontic therapy. Many restorative and periodontal problems cannot be corrected without orthodontic preparation of the dentition. Because orthodontic therapy is used to help create a therapeutic occlusion, this goal of therapy is important to describe.

Adolescent↗

A multifunctional, provisional, implant-retained fixed partial denture.

This article describes the modification of a procedure for fabricating a laboratory-processed, metal-reinforced, acrylic resin provisional restoration that becomes an implant-retained fixed partial denture. The modification involves the incorporation of patrix and matrix components into a cast metal framework. The prosthesis can be used as an alternative to a removable radiologic stent and surgical guide. It can function as a surgical guide during implant placement and help retract the buccal mucogingival flap during implant placement. The prosthesis also can be used as an aid in locating the implant during stage II surgery. Finally, the pontics can be converted into an implant-supported provisional restoration immediately after the implant prosthetic components are attached to the uncovered implants.

Adult↗

Esthetic provisional replacement of a single anterior tooth during the implant healing phase: a clinical report.

Replacement of a missing anterior tooth with an implant-assisted restoration rather than a fixed partial denture is considered common practice. Implant placement with a 2-stage surgical approach in the anterior area of the mouth may be imperative and require an esthetic provisional replacement for the missing tooth during the healing phase. This provisional restoration should help optimize the health of hard and soft tissues around the implant without exerting pressure on the residual ridge and maintain the position of the adjacent and opposing teeth. This clinical report presents a technique for fabricating an anterior fixed provisional restoration with composite reinforced with a leno-woven polyethylene ribbon.

Adult↗

[An alternative moulding technique in porcelain fabrication].

In this article a moulding technique for porcelain work that can be used especially in full-mouth and multiple unit restorations, is presented. Through this technique, condensation of porcelain can be achieved properly and the firing shrinkage can be hold in a minimum level. The occlusal form can be controlled in the mouth by a provisional acrilic bridge. A multiple pieced acrilic mould is prepared from the impression taken on the provisional acrilic bridge and is used for building up the full-mouth restoration. It is concluded that this technique can be an alternative which enables us to achieve accurate occlusal form and well condensed porcelain structure.

Acrylic Resins↗

Leakage of various types of luting agents.

Freshly extracted molar teeth were prepared for complete cast gold crowns cemented with either zinc phosphate cement, polycarboxylate cement, glass ionomer cement, a resin luting agent, or a zinc oxide-eugenol temporary cement. The specimens were tested at 1-, 6-, and 12-month intervals with radioactive 45Ca. The specimens were sectioned, autoradiographs were made, and the marginal leakage was evaluated on a scale of 0 to 3. The results showed that zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate, and glass ionomer cements are equally suited for permanent cementation of restorations. The resin luting agent showed high initial leakage, indicating that it is not as desirable for permanent cementation purposes. The zinc oxide-eugenol cement showed increased leakage with time but is well suited for its indicated purpose, temporary cementation.

Crowns↗

Protection of recent extraction sites when fabricating immediate acrylic interim fixed restorations.

Protection of all soft tissues is an early and integral component of the total treatment plan involving any dental restoration. A procedure is presented to provide protection of recent extraction sites by using adhesive Burlew foil when making an immediate fixed restoration. The foil provides protection, at the extraction site, from both mechanical and chemical irritation.

Acrylic Resins↗

Significance of occlusion in the etiology and treatment of early, moderate, and advanced periodontitis.

Elimination of lesions diagnostic of trauma from occlusion is an essential part of complete periodontal therapy and restoration of health in the masticatory system for such patients. This can be achieved by orthodontic treatment, temporary splinting, bite-planes, occlusal adjustment and permanent splinting of teeth. Occlusal therapy may be required during periodontal treatment for trauma from occlusion and to enhance occlusal stability at any stage of periodontitis, but is most often needed in advanced periodontitis. Splinting of hypermobility of self-limiting trauma from occlusion is not indicated. Splinting may be required in addition to occlusal adjustment in moderate to severe periodontitis when trauma from occlusion is progressive.

Animals↗