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At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Use of procyclic trypanosomes for detection of antibodies in sera from vervet monkeys infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense: an immunodiagnostic test for African sleeping sickness.

Uncoated procyclic culture forms of African trypanosomes were used in immunofluorescence and simple agglutination assays to detect antibodies in the sera of vervet monkeys infected with T. b. rhodesiense. Antibodies to procyclic surface antigens were found in sera from animals with active, untreated infections or sera taken soon after treatment with trypanocidal drugs. The antibodies were detectable within 7 days of infection. No specific antibodies were detected in sera prior to infection or long after drug cure. The results indicate that antigens expressed on the surface of procyclic culture forms of T. brucei spp. are useful for the detection of antibodies produced in response to infection with T. b. rhodesiense and may allow the development of a simple immunodiagnostic test for African sleeping sickness. In addition, the use of a form of the trypanosome of a different differentiation state from the infecting organism illustrates the utility of this approach for detection of antibodies to common antigens.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

Identification of continuous green monkey spleen cell line 455.

Green monkey spleen continuous cell line 455 has been identified by karyologic analysis, by isoenzyme characteristics and electron microscopy. It has been shown that the line 455 consists of green monkey cells; it is not contaminated by other cells from the green monkey, or by other animal or human cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Spread and distribution of human T-cell leukaemia virus type I-reactive antibody among baboons and monkeys in the northern and eastern Transvaal.

Antibodies which probably indicate infection with human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) were determined in three species of non-human primates from several localities. A significant prevalence among chacma baboons and vervet monkeys was confirmed. According to sero-epidemiological evidence that HTLV-I infection is predominantly sexually transmitted between adult animals; comparison of prevalence rates between localities or species should therefore take sexual maturity into account. It appears unlikely that transmission from non-human primates to humans is frequent.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

alpha DNA in African green monkey cells is organized into extremely long tandem arrays.

We have determined the size of arrays formed by tandemly repeated monomers of alpha DNA in African green monkey cells. DNA fragments containing intact alpha DNA arrays were generated by digestion of genomic DNA with restriction endonuclease that do not have sites in the alpha DNA consensus sequence. Their size was determined by Southern analysis and by sedimentation through neutral sucrose gradients followed by probing of each fraction for alpha sequences. The restriction fragments varied in size with the most frequent being 78 kilobase pairs long. We have also shown that they contain very little non-alpha DNA sequences. This suggests a minimum array of 450 tandemly repeated alpha DNA monomers, which is more than an order of magnitude larger than previously supposed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reproduction in monkeys of non-A, non-B hepatitis transmitted via the fecal and oral routes].

The paper presents the results of experimental infection of monkeys with virus-containing specimens from a patient with fecal-oral non-A-non-B hepatitis; the study was aimed at the determination of the possibilities of simulating this infection. Of the 8 monkeys infected with the material containing virus particles of fecal-oral non-A-non-B hepatitis 5 monkeys developed the infection manifested in virus excretion in fecal specimens, a rise in the level of serum aminotransferases, and typical histological lesions of the liver tissue. The infection could also be produced by inoculation of monkeys with virus-containing material from monkey. The above results indicate that the virus isolated from a human suffering from fecal-oral non-A-non-B hepatitis may induce in experimentally infected Macaca fascicularis monkeys a pathological process simulating viral hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparative study of the femoral articular facies of knees of the primates.

In this article, on the basis of the characteristics of the moiré contour fringes of Nycticebus coucany, Macaca assamensis M'clelland, Presbytis phayrei, Phinopithecus roxellanae, Hylobates concolor leucogenys, Gorilla gorilla. Anthropopithecus troglodytes. Simia satyrus and modern human beings we divide the Primates into two types. The two types of the new classification may be two groups of the evolution moving state. For comparison with each other, the angle gamma between the approximately elliptical major axis of the moiré contour fringes on the medial condyle and the horizontal plane is taken as the criterion. We suggest that the Primates evolution to the state of erect walking is the process of the angle gamma evolution approaching 90 degrees, regarding the gamma of the moiré contour fringes of the medial condyle as the evolution angle on the knees of the Primates.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Reorganization of the lateral geniculate body after deafferentation (experimento-morphologic research)].

One year after surgical section of the optical tract, the degenerative changes were found in the deafferented lateral geniculate bodies (LGB). The changes were species-dependent. In cats, the cytoarchitectonics was preserved, local neuronal losses and layers thinning absent. In night-active apes, with cytoarchitectonic image preserved and focal neuron necrosis absent, the layers were more substantially thinned. In apes with a primate-like LGB structure pattern, the extended zones of neurons degeneration were found in the layers. The most prominent deafferentation-induced structural LGB alterations were shown in the central vision projection zones.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1988

[Genetic polymorphism of alpha 1-antitrypsin in green monkeys studied by isoelectric focusing and family analysis].

24 variants of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) were recognized in sera of 120 wild and capture-born African green monkeys by isoelectrofocusing in Ampholine PAG-plates (pH 4-6.5) and western blotting with antihuman alpha 1-AT serum. All variants had much more cathodal position than human alpha 1-AT and revealed very high microheterogeneity which was slightly different from the observed in human alpha 1-AT. The alpha 1-AT banding pattern allowed to postulate existence of 10 codominant alleles in the Pi locus of African green monkeys. The reality of 8 alleles was proved by family analysis which included 45 monkey birth cases. Two other alleles were absent in the parents available. Thus, alpha 1-AT is the most polymorphic among the known serum proteins of African green monkeys. The latter can be useful for molecular systematics of these primates.

Alleles↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of fingers and hand in varanus, opossum and primates.

A comparative analysis of hands constitutes the basis of an assessment of hand function in an evolutionary context. Terms as functional domain and functional options are instrumental to define the functional expansion, which can be seen when comparing reptiles, opossum and primates. In man the structural arrangement can be interpreted in functional terms only by terms as functional continuum or universe and by performance control. In the great apes knuckle walking and brachiation seems to interfere with a full-fledged pollical-digital interplay, the latter function being considered to constitute the structural base of optimalization collecting afferent information, requiring brain development, which opens up categories as abstraction, design and freedom.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The histology and carbohydrate histochemistry of the lingual glands in vervet monkeys.

The lingual salivary glands of the vervet monkey were examined for the first time to establish their histological appearance and mucosubstance histochemistry. Sero-mucous and mucous glands are present. The mucin content of the serous glands is a neutral mucin, that of the mucus glands a carboxylated or sulphated sialomucin. The reason for the variation between cells was not established. Anterior lingual glands were not detected in any of the tongues examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase-induced modifications of liver perfusate discoidal high density lipoproteins from African green monkeys.

The role of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in the formation of plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) was studied in a series of in vitro incubations in which perfusates from isolated African green monkey livers were incubated at 37 degrees C with partially purified LCAT for between 1 and 13 hr. The HDL particles isolated from monkey liver perfusate stored at 4 degrees C and not exposed to added LCAT contained apoA-I and apoE, were deficient in neutral lipids, and were observed by electron microscopy as discoidal particles. Particle sizes, measured as Stokes' diameters by gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE), ranged between 7.8 nm and 15.0 nm. The properties of perfusate HDL were unchanged following incubation at 37 degrees C in the presence of an LCAT inhibitor. However, HDL subfractions derived from incubations at 37 degrees C with active LCAT contained apoA-I as the major apoprotein, appeared round by electron microscopy, and possessed chemical compositions similar to plasma HDL. The HDL isolated from perfusate incubations at 37 degrees C with low amounts of LCAT had a particle size and chemical composition similar to plasma HDL3a. In three of four perfusates incubated with higher levels of LCAT activity, the HDL products consisted of two distinct HDL subpopulations when examined by GGE. The major subpopulation was similar in size and composition to plasma HDL2a, while the minor subpopulation demonstrated the characteristics of plasma HDL2b. The data indicate that the discoidal HDL particles secreted by perfused monkey livers can serve as precursors to three of the major HDL subpopulations observed in plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Proliferative activity of vervet monkey bone marrow-derived adherent cells.

Vervet monkey bone marrow-derived adherent cell population cultured in Fischer's medium supplemented with 12.5% fetal calf serum and 12.5% horse serum consists of two cell shapes: fusiform (type I) and polygonal (type II). Limiting-dilution cloning of the cells suggested that the two morphologically distinct cell types belong to the same cellular system even though they differ in their proliferative capabilities. The labeling index of type II cells, as measured by autoradiography, was found to be consistently lower than that of type I cells. It is probable that these two phenotypes represent different stages of differentiation, where progenitor type I gives rise to type II cells. The bone marrow-derived adherent cells were found to be cytokinetically at rest in vivo, using the thymidine suicide test, and relatively radioresistant with a D0 = 2.1 Gy and ñ = 2.36 at the time of explantation from the bone. Furthermore, in culture these cells are characterized by a relatively long cell cycle of 60 h, where the length of the S phase is 30 h, G2 is 12 h, M is 6 h, and G1 is 12 h. Thus the vervet monkey bone marrow-derived adherent cells represent a cell population with a low turnover rate both in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative characteristics of the pathogenicity of 2 viruses of the family Rhabdoviridae for monkeys].

Pathogenic properties of two viruses, Sowgrass and Barur, of the Rhabdoviridae family, isolated in different geographical zones were studied comparatively in green monkeys. These viruses showed different pathogenicity for monkeys by the intracerebral and subcutaneous routes of inoculation. Sowgrass virus had no manifest pathogenicity for monkeys, whereas Barur virus caused death of the animals in 5-6 days after intracerebral inoculation with typical localization of lesions in the brain. Subcutaneous inoculation of the animals produced no fatalities; slight lesions in organs and production of virus-neutralizing antibodies in the blood were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A species comparison of low density lipoprotein heterogeneity in nonhuman primates fed atherogenic diets.

Six male cynomolgus monkeys and five male African green monkeys were fed dietary cholesterol to induce hypercholesterolemia. The two groups studied had equivalent total plasma cholesterol concentrations. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) were isolated from whole plasma by ultracentrifugation and separated from other lipoprotein classes by agarose column chromatography. LDL were further subfractionated by density gradient ultracentrifugation in a VTi-50 vertical rotor. The material within five density regions was pooled from each sample and molecular weight, electrophoretic mobility, apoprotein heterogeneity, and percentage composition were determined for each subfraction. In general, cynomolgus monkey LDL were larger and more polydisperse than African green monkey LDL, and the LDL subfractions of cynomolgus monkeys were generally of lower densities although molecular weights at any density were in the same range for both species. ApoB-100 was the major apoprotein in each subfraction. ApoE was frequently present in the less dense subfractions while apoA-I was often seen in the more dense subfractions. Cynomolgus monkey LDL appeared to contain more apoE than African green monkey LDL. Over the entire spectrum of LDL, the percentage composition of the particles at any given density was indistinguishable between the species. In general, the average cynomolgus monkey LDL was larger, more polydisperse, less dense, and appeared to contain more apoE than the average African green monkey LDL. One or all of these differences might help explain the increased susceptibility to diet-induced atherosclerosis seen in cynomolgus monkeys.

Animals↗