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At least 1,369 records · Page 76Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Computed tomography of the abdomen.

In a few short years, computed tomography has become an important diagnostic procedure in the examination of the abdomen and pelvis. Its forte lies in its ability to provide cross-sectional views of excellent anatomical detail. Imaging of deep-seated structures such as the pancreas, adrenal glands, and enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes is now possible. The ability to distinguish small variations in tissue density enables the radiologist to evaluate the texture of solid structures, and to differentiate them from cysts or abscesses. The addition of contrast enhancement makes it possible to determine the vascularity of a lesson. The major limitation of CT is poorer delineation of structures in thin patients, and in patients in whom voluntary and involuntary motion cannot be interrupted. Computed tomography is compared with other complementary imaging procedures to include sonography, radionuclide imaging, and conventional radiograph procedures. It has replaced invasive diagnostic procedures in many instances. In a given situation, one or more imaging modalities may be appropriate.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1978

[Blunt injuries of the abdomen in children (author's transl)].

Out of 8 different hospitals 298 children suffering from blunt injuries of the abdomen were reported. 115 children had 141 different intra and/or retroperitoneal injuries of their viscera. Urgency and sequence of diagnostic measures being of highest importance for the destiny of the patient are evaluated.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of malignant tumours of the abdomen.

Our initial experience of 50 patients who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy for suspected abdominal malignant disease confirms the safety and effectiveness of the technique. A positive diagnosis of malignant tumour was made in 36 out of 42 patients who were finally shown to have malignant disease. The correct diagnosis was made on 13 out of 17 patients with a pancreatic tumour; in 17 out of 17 with a liver tumour; in 3 out of 3 with renal masses; and in 3 out of 5 with other malignant lesions. Ultrasound was used for localization of the aspiration site in 38 patients, angiography in 11 patients and direct puncture in 2. During the biopsy of 55 sites, the needle was inserted into the abdomen 190 times and the only significant complication was the development of retroperitoneal haematoma in 2 patients.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Dilemmas related to expectant or acute stages in closed injuries of the thorax and abdomen].

Non penetrating injuries of thorax, abdomen and thoraco-abdominal injuries, following its etiology, pathogenesis, and pathoanatomical substrate are also with consequent clinical manifestations, very complicated diagnostico-therapeutical problem. The surgeon is often i dilemma, which the therapy will be the most adequate for the patient and the time for the decision is usually short. In the report, various types of nonpenetrating injuries are analysed, and relating to its nature and the grade of severity, the proper therapy is discussed. We suppose that in situations like that, along with numerous tests, the explorations should be used and applied in doubtful cases, so it can only enables right diagnosis and in such way adequate therapy in the period of the time the surgeon can count on.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Plain films of the abdomen in term pregnancy.

Plain films of the abdomen taken during pregnancy at term from 1971 to 1981 at the Radiology Service of the Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic of the University of Padua are summarized and analysed. The average frequency of X-ray investigation is 0.5%, ranging from 0.06% (in 1980) to 2.11% (in 1977), compared to Carmichael's data which range from 11 to 30%. Indications have remained fairly constant over the years, in view of the very low incidence of this examination. The most significant finding is the greater incidence of fetal malformation in recent years, and is explained by a more efficacious program of pregnancy screening. X-ray examination may be still employed in some cases to obtain superior information regarding the best definition of gestational age, some fetal malformation, and in rare cases, hemolytic disease.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1978

[Perforating wounds of the abdomen (author's transl)].

From 1972 to 1976 160 cases of perforating wounds of the abdomen were treated: 115 stab wounds, 45 gunshot wounds. Mortality rate in stab wounds came up to 4,34% and in gunshot wounds to 20%. Total mortality of all cases 8,75%.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Stab wounds of the abdomen. Observe or explore?

This article reviews our experience with 403 cases of stab wounds of the abdomen, with emphasis on our policy of selective management. Forty-six percent (187) of the patients were operated on immediately because of clinical findings. Fifty-four percent (216 patients) were treated conservatively after initial evaluation, and only 4% (16 patients) required subsequent surgical intervention, with no mortalities. The overall morbidity was 9.2%, with a 1.6% mortality in the operative group. With more than 20 years of experience in the management of stab wounds, we found the selective approach to be safe and reliable.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Technique for occluding the surpaceliac aorta through the abdomen.

A technique for occluding the supraceliac aorta through the abdomen is described. Although the procedure must be carried out without visual control, it can be accomplished safely and rapidly. It is recommended for use in patients in whom previous operations or disease processes make dissection of the infrarenal aorta without prior proximal control difficult and dangerous.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1995

Oral contrast media in CT of the abdomen. Iohexol of different concentrations as a gastrointestinal contrast medium.

In a double-blind randomised study 3 different concentrations of iohexol for bowel opacification at CT of the abdomen were compared. Iohexol in a concentration of 4.5 mg I/ml, 6.75 mg I/ml and 9 mg I/ml was used. No significant differences between the 3 preparations of contrast media were found regarding the contrast effect, the distribution or patient tolerance. When using iohexol as a bowel contrast medium at CT the concentration of 4.5 mg I/ml is sufficient for bowel opacification.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[Contrast-enhanced 3D MR angiography of the chest and abdomen with breath-holding using phase reordering].

This report presents the feasibility of phase-recordered contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography in 32 consecutive patients with vascular abnormalities in the chest and abdomen. To suppress motion artifacts due to respiratory corruption, a phase-reordering technique was introduced so that the low frequency components of the phase data were obtained first during the imaging period. Image quality and degree of motion suppression were assessed by four radiologists independently without information on breath-holding time. Abnormalities were detected in 30 cases (93.8%), and their extent was correctly assessed in 28 cases (87.5%). More confident assessment was possible in abnormalities of the pulmonary vessels and thoracic aorta than in those of the abdominal aorta and portal venous system. With phase reordering, more than 20 seconds of breath-holding ensured image quality sufficient to correctly assess the vascular abnormalities. While this technique is easy and requires only single breath-holding, it can provide excellent MRA without slice-to-slice spatial misregistration.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗
PubMed1995

Contrast enhancement of the upper abdomen evaluated by CT. A comparison between iohexol 350 mg I/ml and iopamidol 370 mg I/ml.

The non-ionic monomeric contrast media iopamidol and iohexol were compared concerning enhancement in the organs of the upper abdomen in CT. The average peak enhancement above the base line for the 2 contrast media in the liver, vena cava, aorta and spleen was calculated. No difference between the contrast media was found with regard to increase in contrast enhancement. No correlation between the peak enhancement and body weight and body surface was found with either of the 2 contrast media.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Indications for spiral-CT in the upper abdomen and the retroperitoneum].

Spiral CT allows the continuous scanning of different organ volumes. This series illustrates our experiences gained with spiral CT technique imaging of the upper abdomen and retroperitoneal space in about 150 patients. The scanning parameters were 120 kvp, 165 mA with a slice thickness of 8 mm and a table speed of 8 mm/s. The total scanning time was 32 s. If required, a non-ionic iodinated contrast medium was administered via a medial cubital vein or the upper mesenteric artery by performing an arterial portography. CT during arterial portography for preoperative detection and localization of focal liver lesions, staging of renal cell carcinoma, and imaging of pancreatic disease are at present the main indications for using the spiral CT technique. Furthermore, it is the method of choice for scanning uncooperative patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Case study: full thickness chemical burn of the abdomen and chest.

An 81 year old patient, suffering from Alzheimer's disease sustained a full thickness HCI Acid burn of her abdomen and chest wall due to leakage of gastric content from her gastrostomy feeding tube. The controversial management of such a patient is discussed and early surgical treatment is recommended.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1993

Gastro-pleural fistula related with penetrating stab injuries of the chest and abdomen: laparotomy or thoracotomy.

A 30-year-old male presented with left side empyema due to gastro-pleural fistula following repair of penetrating stab injuries of left lower chest and abdomen. Exploratory thoracotomy was done due to persistent moderate amount of purulent discharge. However, fistula tract was not detected through this approach. The small fistula tract was repaired finally through laparotomy. We recommended the abdominal approach if the disease is not combined with diaphragmatic hernia. Transabdominal approach showed superiority in this rare entity.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1993

Oral contrast media in CT of the abdomen. A double-blind randomized study comparing an aqueous solution of amidotrizoate, an aqueous solution of iohexol and a viscous solution of iohexol.

In a double-blind randomized study 3 different preparations of oral contrast media for bowel opacification at CT of the abdomen have been compared. Plain aqueous solutions of amidotrizoate (9 mg I/ml) and iohexol (9 mg I/ml) were used as well as a preparation of iohexol (9 mg I/ml) to which a viscosity-increasing agent had been added. The distribution of the contrast media in the intestine, transit time and patient tolerance were evaluated. No significant differences were found regarding the distribution between the 3 preparations of contrast media, while there was a tendency for the transit time to be increased when the viscous preparation of iohexol was used. The aqueous solution of iohexol had the best taste, while the viscous preparation was markedly more difficult to drink. Aqueous solutions of iohexol and amidotrizoate were equal for bowel opacification and the addition of the viscosity-increasing agent did not improve the distribution of the contrast medium in the intestine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Helical computed tomography scanning of the thorax and abdomen.

We applied helical CT to examinations of the abdomen and thorax. Scanning was performed continuously while the couchtop of the CT scanner was shifted at a constant speed. The entire lung field could be scanned during a single holding of the breath when the couchtop speed was 20 mm/s. Tumors as small as 3 mm were detected. The diagnostic detectability and accuracy of helical CT were far superior to those of conventional chest radiography. During abdominal examination, the target organ could be scanned at any specified phase (preferably arterial) during the injection of contrast medium. We detected very small hepatic tumors which could not be detected by conventional CT. Helical CT produced continuous data, which was reconstructed to display three-dimensional images. Helical CT could be used in mass screening for the detection of early lung cancer and in computer-aided diagnosis.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Use of planned intermittent peritoneal lavage (open abdomen) in severe forms of peritonitis due to gynecologic-obstetric procedures].

Five women in whom the technique of intermittent peritoneal lavage (the so called "open abdomen") was applied following severe diffuse peritonitis have been presented. The details of operational technique have been given. Four patients have been cured without complications. In one patient a subhepatic abscess occurred but it was successfully operated.

Abdominal Abscess↗