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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Pre-operative planning and intra-operative guidance in modern neurosurgery: a review of 300 cases.

Operative neurosurgery has recently entered an exciting era of image guided surgery or neuronavigation and application of this novel technology is beginning to have a significant impact in many ways in a variety of intracranial procedures. In order to fully assess the advantages of image guided techniques over conventional planning and surgery in selected cases, detailed prospective evaluation has been carried out during the advanced development of an optically tracked neuronavigation system. Over a 2-year period, 300 operative neurosurgical procedures have been performed with the assistance of interactive image guidance, as well as the development of new software applications and hardware tools. A broad range of intracranial neurosurgical procedures were seen to benefit from image guidance, including 163 craniotomies, 53 interactive stereotactic biopsies, 7 tracked neuroendoscopies and 37 complex skull base procedures. The most common pathological diagnoses were cerebral glioma in 98 cases, meningioma in 64 and metastasis in 23. Detailed analysis of a battery of postoperative questions revealed benefits in operative planning, appreciation of anatomy, lesion location, safety of surgery and greatly enhanced surgical confidence. The authors believe that image guided surgical technology, with new developments such as those described, has a significant role to play in contemporary neurosurgery and its widespread adoption in practice will be realised in the near future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Detecting Repetitive DNA in Eukaryotes.

A detection software of repetitive elements, especially for Alu is designed according to the theory of the correspondence analysis. The results obtained on the test set of 38 gene sequences showed that the true-negative is about 5.8% and false-positive is about 4.8%. Also, the detailed description of Alu elements in the sequences in which the Alu elements are spliced into coding-regions and the successful search for Alu in large-scale T-cell receptor loci sequence showed that the software is a better tool for the recognition of repeat elements.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Three-dimensional imaging in orthognathic surgery: the clinical application of a new method.

Many 3-dimensional (3D) techniques have been utilized to register and analyze the face in 3 dimensions, but each system has its own merits and disadvantages. C3D is a relatively new 3D imaging system that was developed to capture the 3D geometry of the face. Landmark identification on 3D facial models is facilitated by a software-based facial analysis tool developed by the authors. The reproducibility of landmark identification was high for 20 of the chosen points (standard deviations of repeated placements of landmarks around their centroids were 0.5 mm or less). The method is useful in studying facial soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery and other types of facial surgery, as well as assessing facial soft tissue growth and development of the craniofacial complex.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1992

An introduction to patient flow simulation for health-care managers.

Simulation of patient flow is a remarkably useful management tool. With today's software for personal computers, simulation is no longer just for academics and consultants. Senior and mid-level managers should actively seek out simulation as a problem-solving technique. This article provides health-care managers with the fundamental knowledge needed to individually initiate simulation studies of their departments.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed2003

Modeling interindividual variation in physiological factors used in PBPK models of humans.

Modeling interindividual variation in internal doses in humans using PBPK models requires data on the variation in physiological parameters across the population of interest. These data should also reflect the correlations between the values of the various parameters in a person. In this project, we develop a source of data for human physiological parameters where (1) the parameter values for an individual are correlated with one another, and (2) values of parameters capture interindividual variation in populations of a specific gender, race, and age range. The parameters investigated in this project include: (1) volumes of selected organs and tissues; (2) blood flows for the organs and tissues; and (3) the total cardiac output under resting conditions and average daily inhalation rate. These parameters are expressed as records of correlated values for the approximately 30,000 individuals evaluated in the NHANES III survey. A computer program, Physiological Parameters for PBPK Modeling (P3M), is developed that allows records to be retrieved randomly from the database with specification of constraints on age, sex, and ethnicity. P3M is publicly available. The database and accompanying software provide a convenient tool for parameterizating models of interindividual variation in human pharmacokinetics.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2005

[In silicon cloning of HV126, a novel human gene related to multi drug resistance in leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To find the novel gene related to the multi-drug resistance in leukemia and explore the molecular mechanism of multi-drug resistance. METHODS: The subtracted HL-60/VCR cDNA library was generated through the suppression subtractive hybridization using the wild HL-60 cells' cDNA as target and HL-60/ ATRA cells' as driver. A novel expression sequence tag (EST) sequence, which differentially expressed in HL-60/ ATRA cell, was screened by cDNA chip. Then a novel human gene, HV126 was assembled by the EST assembly tools. Bioinformatical databases and softwares were used to analyze and predict its function. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of HV-126 gene in leukemia cells before and after chemotherapy. RESULTS: The full open reading frames (ORFs) of the novel EST assembled by overlapping dbEST sequences included a 1991 bp nucleic sequence, which was named HV126. The deduced amino acid sequence consisted of 365 amino acids. The sequence of the novel gene exhibited 43% homology to a known gene, which is a possible member of the death domain-flood family implicated in apoptosis and inflammation. The expression of HV126 was proved to be related to the drug sensitivity in leukemia cells by RT-PCR. CONCLUSION: HV126, the novel gene, might have roles in regulating multi-drug resistance in leukemia. Further laboratory research should be done on cloning and making clear the gene function.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1991

[An expert system for the diagnosis of risk of ischemic heart disease].

The RIBS expert system was created by using the means and tools of the OBSES software complex (an expert system shell). RIBS is designed for determining the risk level in the occurrence of ischemic heart disease. The knowledge base is structured and is broken down into 13 hierarchical clusters. Three types of attributes are used for knowledge base cluster representation. To calculate the significance of facts and rules, the methods of polar and score ratings and others are used. A consultation fragment report with delivery of ischemic heart disease risk integral value is provided.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Qualitative research approaches in practical use in child and adolescent psychiatry].

Experimental study designs and quantitative analysis are dominating the methodology of child psychiatric research. Sometimes the "box of tools" consisting of standardized software packages for statistical analysis seems to lead to a regrettable uniformity in research strategies. Elaborated sociological research concepts in the tradition of Max Weber and the "Chicago school" could close the scientific gap between quantitative studies on large samples and simple case-reports. They are excellent instruments for generating hypothesis on relatively rare clinical problems or in new fields of child psychiatric research. Based on a review of the literature potential applications of qualitative methodology in child psychiatry will be discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Objective prevention of ictus. Data informatics from a mass screening program].

The main technical and functional abilities of the computer supply to the epidemiologic program Obiettivo Prevenzione Ictus are described. The aim of the program is to investigate the epidemiology of carotid occlusive disease in subjects aged 45 to 75 by following a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol, designed to discover and treat internal carotid artery stenosis. The magnitude of the population involved is 23,140 subjects. The data from the population are collected in a three level archive whose configuration makes it possible to obtain information either from within each level and from all of them. Thus, the software adopted provides specific tools for elaboration of epidemiologic data as well as for clinical management of carriers of carotid lesion and for follow-up of treated patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Development and testing of a cross-sectional area measurement tool for evaluating vein size.

This paper describes a software system for measuring cross-sectional area in reconstructed elliptical tubular structures. A measurement tool was developed using the freely available, cross-platform, open-source three-dimensional (3-D) Slicer environment. The software is easy to operate and allows the user to make multiple measurements on the fly. Results can be displayed to the screen, output to the system printer, and written to a user-specified data file for later analysis in commercial spreadsheet software. Measuring a known cross-sectional area tested the software. Phantoms of known physical dimensions were imaged using both CT and MR. The measured cross-sectional areas reported by the software were compared to each other, and the cross-sectional areas calculated from the known physical dimensions of the phantoms. The measurement errors were negligible. The results of this study indicate that the cross-sectional area measurement tool described provides reliable measurements and is an inexpensive and versatile alternative to high-end 3-D modeling software.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A software engineering approach for medical workstations development.

Multimedia medical workstations represent the natural tool for accessing the hospital information system environment. They are complex medical systems that have to gather, in a single framework, a large collection of components dealing with multimedia medical objects. To remain current with both medical practice and with advances in the computer science field, they have to allow the iterative addition of new functions to the set of existing ones. In this paper, after a survey of commonly required medical workstation functional components, we shall try to discuss how a software engineering approach can streamline the development of a medical workstation. Different software engineering tools needed to build the functional components of a workstation are described. Their integration in a single dedicated environment is considered through four perspectives: data, presentation, communication and control. Benefits and limitations of an object-oriented approach are discussed.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2026

REvolutionH-tl 2.0: A fast and robust tool for decoding evolutionary gene histories.

REvolutionH-tl is a fast, scalable, and integrated software platform for inferring orthology relationships, gene trees, species trees, and reconciled evolutionary scenarios directly from sequence data. Built upon the formal framework of best match graphs (BMGs), REvolutionH-tl predicts orthogroups and orthologous gene pairs with high accuracy, requiring neither precomputed trees nor multiple external tools. The software reconstructs event-labeled gene and species trees, seamlessly integrating reconciliation to produce fast, accurate, and biologically insightful evolutionary scenarios. Through extensive benchmarking on synthetic datasets with known ground truth, REvolutionH-tl outperforms or matches the accuracy of established tools such as OrthoFinder, Proteinortho, RAxML, GeneRax, and RANGER-DTL, while achieving significantly lower runtimes. A key innovation of REvolutionH-tl is its built-in support for detailed, publication-ready visualizations, which allow users to explore genome evolution dynamics, orthogroup composition, and reconciliation results with clarity and ease. These visual features position REvolutionH-tl as the first platform of its kind to combine analytical precision with intuitive interpretability. The software is open-source, cross-platform, and freely available at https://pypi.org/project/revolutionhtl/, providing a robust solution for large-scale evolutionary analyses in comparative genomics.

Software↗
PubMed1998

Virtual endoscopy for planning and simulation of minimally invasive neurosurgery.

OBJECTIVE: This article demonstrates the usefulness and the problems of present-state software for virtual endoscopy as a tool for the planning and simulation of minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures. METHODS: The software Navigator (General Electric Medical Systems, Buc, France) was applied for virtual endoscopic visualization of three-dimensional magnetic resonance data sets of healthy volunteers and neurosurgical patients, using a clinical magnetic resonance scanner (1.5-T Signa Hispeed; General Electric Medical Systems). Classical approaches for minimally invasive procedures were simulated. RESULTS: Virtual endoscopy provided impressive three-dimensional views of intracranial and intracerebral cavities, with visualization of many anatomic details of the brain's inner and outer surfaces. The method proved to be especially suited for the simulation and planning of operations of intraventricular lesions, for which the technical limitations of the present state of development of this method have fewer implications. However, the present state of technology, as described in this article, has two major shortcomings: 1) the blood vessels cannot be visualized together with the brain tissue and cranial nerves; and 2) different tissue compartments cannot be stained in their original coloring, which would facilitate their recognition and thus orientation in space by anatomic landmarks. Another important disadvantage at this stage is time consumption for many single working steps. CONCLUSION: Virtual endoscopy is a promising tool for teaching and training in intracranial neuroanatomy as well as for planning and simulation of minimally invasive (e.g., endoscopic), mainly intraventricular, operations. Direct clinical application is, at this stage of development, limited by several technical shortcomings of visualization and quantification of distances and modeling of surfaces.

Cerebral Ventricles↗
PubMed1995

MARIAN: an analysis tool for the assessment of left ventricular function measured by velocity encoding MRI.

Velocity encoding MRI is a new non-invasive technique for measuring cardiac blood flow velocities. Flow in the three directions of space can be measured during the entire heart cycle. However, the analysis of large amount of data obtained from this technique requires specialized computational software packages to provide physicians with efficient analysis tools. A data visualization software package named Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analyzer (MARIAN) was developed. This software package uses visualization, animation, analysis, and computational tools adapted to time series of cardiac MRI data files, all accessible through a sophisticated graphics user interface. MARIAN was used as a tool for the analysis of the left heart blood flow patterns in two groups of human subjects: ten volunteers and eight patients. The patients were diagnosed with incapacitating angina pectoris and previous left ventricular myocardial infarction. Vector plot animations of the left atrial flow were realized for all volunteer examinations. The temporal flow velocity profiles were sampled at the tips of the mitral leaflets and in the lumen of the right upper pulmonary vein, when possible. The isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was estimated. The following flow parameters were obtained from the velocity profiles: at the mitral valve, the early diastolic E-wave, the late diastolic A-wave, the time of occurrence of the E- and A- waves; at the right upper pulmonary vein, the systolic S-wave, the early diastolic D-wave and the reverse late diastolic R-wave. The results obtained were consistent with previous studies using similar MRI techniques. Compared to the control group, the patient group exhibited higher isovolumic relaxation time, a lower peak E-wave, and a lower D-wave. MARIAN thus provided a fast, efficient and accurate data visualization tool for the analysis of human data.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Object-oriented data handler for sequence analysis software development.

We report an object-oriented data handler and supplementary tools for the development of molecular genetics application software for various sequence analyses. Our data handler has a flexible and expandable format that supports the most common data types for molecular genetic software. New data types can be constructed in an object-oriented manner from the basic units. The data handler includes an object library, a format-converting program and a viewer that can visualize simultaneously the data contained in several files to construct a general picture from separate data. This software has been implemented on an IBM PC-compatible personal computer.

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗
PubMed1997

A new plug-in software architecture applied for a portable molecular structure browser.

A new software configuration method using plug-in style components was established for the tool with the incremental development of software used in protein structural study. Our memory database provides the interface of data and functions among plug-in modules and its host program. A molecular structure browser program was developed together with several plug-in modules on our programming library that maintains graphics portability and user interfaces. This plug-in software architecture is generally useful for large-scale software development and for prototyping parts of the system.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed2000

Mobile software agents for Web-based medical image retrieval.

Mobile software agents are a new tool which may assist rural and remote physicians to obtain medical data from digital medical libraries on the Internet. Mobile agents are autonomous software objects that can move from digital library to digital library, analysing data to determine their usefulness to the user. A proof-of-concept system applied to mammography is proposed and a simplified prototype for this system is reported. Enhancement and development plans for the complete proof-of-concept system are suggested.

Information Storage and Retrieval↗
PubMed1997

The Healthcare Administrator's Associate: an experiment in distributed healthcare information systems.

The Healthcare Administrator's Associate is a collection of portable tools designed to support analysis of data retrieved via the Internet from diverse distributed healthcare information systems by means of the InfoSleuth system of distributed software agents. Development of these tools is part of an effort to enhance access to diverse and geographically distributed healthcare data in order to improve the basis upon which administrative and clinical decisions are made.

Computer Communication Networks↗