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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Indobufen. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in cerebral, peripheral and coronary vascular disease.

Indobufen is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation which acts by reversibly inhibiting the platelet cyclo-oxygenase enzyme. Improvements in walking distances and microcirculatory parameters have been achieved during therapy with indobufen in patients with peripheral vascular disease and intermittent claudication. Indobufen has been shown to be as effective as aspirin plus dipyridamole in preventing the reocclusion of coronary and femoro-popliteal artery bypass grafts and has been shown to significantly reduce platelet deposition on haemodialysis membranes. Initial studies have also indicated that indobufen may have a prophylactic effect on the incidence of secondary thrombotic events following transient ischaemic attack or mild stroke and may be effective in the prophylaxis of migraine. Indobufen is well tolerated following oral administration and has been associated with a low incidence of adverse effects rarely requiring withdrawal of treatment. Thus, available evidence indicates that indobufen may be an effective alternative to aspirin for the treatment of cerebral, peripheral and coronary vascular diseases with the advantage of a lower incidence of gastrointestinal effects compared to high dose aspirin, rendering indobufen more suitable for longer term therapy.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed2000

[Arteriosclerosis and media sclerosis. A comparison of 2 calcifying vascular diseases].

PATHOGENESIS: Arteriosclerosis and Mönckeberg's mediasclerosis are vascular diseases associated with calcification of the artery wall. While mediasclerosis in most cases develops in type 2 diabetic patients, arteriosclerosis is the result of a combination of different vascular risk factors. Mönckeberg's mediasclerosis typically involves the tunica media, whereas arteriosclerosis-associated calcifications primarily involve the intima. CLINICS: Isolated mediasclerosis does not cause narrowing of the blood vessel. The disease is usually asymptomatic, specific therapy has not yet been established. The involvement of the intima in arteriosclerosis finally leads to a decreased circulation.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1985

Prevalence of small vessel and large vessel disease in diabetic patients from 14 centres. The World Health Organisation Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics. Diabetes Drafting Group.

A total of 6695 diabetic men and women, aged 35 to 54 years, from 14 centres and representing 13 national groups, participated in a vascular disease prevalence survey. A random sample was drawn after stratification of each centre's diabetic base population by sex, duration of diabetes and age. A common agreed protocol, standardized examination procedures, and centralized laboratory methods were used in the investigation. Within the age range examined there was considerable variation between centres in a number of variables, including degree of obesity (measured as Body Mass Index (BMI)), proportion treated with insulin and proportion of cigarette smokers. The latter also showed considerable sex differences within centres. Subjects with age at onset below 25 years were notably few in Hong Kong, Tokyo and Oklahoma. There was also considerable variation in the apparent prevalence of both large- and small-vessel (macrovascular and microvascular) disease between centres. In pooled data, measures of large-vessel disease were significantly and independently associated with age, blood pressure and BMI in both sexes, and with diabetes duration and plasma cholesterol in men only. Within-centre analyses showed blood pressure to be the most consistently associated variable in both sexes. In pooled data, small-vessel disease of the eye was significantly and independently associated with diabetes duration, blood pressure, BMI and type of treatment in both sexes. In within-centre analyses, diabetes duration was the most consistently associated variable, followed by blood pressure. Proteinuria as an index of small-vessel disease of the kidney was, in pooled data, significantly and independently correlated with diabetes duration, blood pressure and plasma cholesterol in both sexes. In within-centre analyses, blood pressure was the most consistently associated variable, with diabetes duration and plasma cholesterol equal second - significant in 12 of the 28 centre/sex groups. Heterogeneity of large-vessel disease prevalence in diabetic subjects is confirmed by this study, and the possibility of heterogeneity in small-vessel disease prevalence and severity is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Peripheral vascular disease: prospective study of intraarterial digital subtraction angiography using a 9-inch intensifier.

A prospective randomized study was undertaken to evaluate the role of intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) in the study of peripheral vascular disease. Patients underwent either conventional film-based angiography alone, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) alone, or a combined study. With a 9-inch image intensifier, DSA alone resulted in cost savings of film and contrast material but required a significantly longer examination period than the other groups and an increased iodine dose per examination. When the images were analyzed by a radiologist and a vascular surgeon, the DSA studies provided less detail in the aortoiliac region than the other techniques but had advantages in demonstrating the runoff vessels. IADSA examination should not replace conventional arteriography in patients with peripheral vascular disease but has a useful complementary role.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in vascular disease.

Arterial lesions in cardiovascular diseases are characterized by proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells as well as deposition of connective tissue matrix. Factors that stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation are well described; however, the role of proteins that limit intimal hyperplasia is not well understood. To examine the function of Kip/Cip and INK cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) in vascular diseases, the expression of p27Kip1 and p16INK was examined in VSMCs in vitro and in porcine arteries and human atherosclerosis in vivo. Western blot and fluorescence activated cell-sorting analysis demonstrated that levels of p27Kip1, but not p16INK, increased during serum deprivation of primary VSMC cultures and caused G1 arrest. p27Kip1 inhibited Cdk2 activity, suggesting that Kip CKIs promote G1 arrest in VSMCs by binding cyclin E/Cdk2. In porcine arteries, p27Kip1, but not p16INK, was constitutively expressed at low levels. Immediately after balloon injury, cell proliferation increased as p27Kip1 levels declined. Three weeks after injury, p27Kip1 was strongly expressed in intimal VSMCs when VSMC proliferation was < 2%, suggesting that p27Kip1 functions as an inhibitor of cell proliferation in injured arteries. In contrast, p16INK expression was detected only transiently early after injury. CKI expression was examined in 35 human coronary arteries, ranging from normal to advanced atherosclerosis. p27Kip1 expression was abundant in nonproliferating VSMCs and macrophages within normal (7 of 8) and atherosclerotic (25 of 27) arteries. p21Cip1 levels were undetectable in normal arteries but were elevated in atherosclerotic (19 of 27) arteries. p16INK could not be detected in normal or atherosclerotic arteries (0 of 35). Thus, the Kip/Cip and INK CKIs have different temporal patterns of expression in VSMCs in vitro and in injured arteries and atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. In contrast to p16INK, p27Kip1 likely contributes to the remodeling process in vascular diseases by the arrest of VSMCs in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Elevated levels of soluble E-selectin in diabetic patients with severe symptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease requiring angioplasty. A possible role in diabetic vascular disease?

BACKGROUND: To study levels of E-selectin in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease who were undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. METHODS: Experimental design and setting: Cross sectional case control study, conducted in a teaching hospital. SUBJECTS: Seven patients with type-2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus undergoing transluminal angioplasty for symptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease, had blood tests for sE-selectin measurement, and were compared to a similar groups of age and sex matched non-diabetic patients with arteriopathy who are undergoing the same procedure. Also evaluated were a group of diabetic patients and healthy non-diabetics with no peripheral arterial disease. RESULTS: The levels of sE-selectin in the two diabetic groups were significantly higher than the non-diabetic groups measuring at 77 ng/ml (53-120) and 79 ng/ml (43-98) (median, range) vs 54 ng/ml (24-104) in the non-diabetic with arteriopathy, and 42 ng/ml (35-66) in the normal healthy controls, p<0.04, p<0.003 respectively, Mann Whitney "U" test. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated significantly high values of soluble E-selectin in patients with diabetes mellitus requiring angioplasty for symptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease. This suggests that sE-selectin may be involved in the diabetic angiopathic process. It may act as a precursor for smooth muscle proliferation.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗