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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The value of computed tomography scans of temporal bone and eustachian tubal function tests for lesions at tympanic opening of eustachian tube in middle ear cholesteatoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of temporal bone and eustachian tubal function tests for lesions at tympanic opening of eustachian tube in the patients of otitis media with cholesteatoma prior to surgery. METHOD: The clinical data of 38 cases (41 ears) with cholesteatoma, which were examined by HRCT scans and eustachian tubal function tests before mastoidectomy (29 ears) or mastoidectomy+ tympanoplasty (12 ears), were analyzed. RESULT: The rate of conformation between the radiographic and the operative findings was 94.1% in the tympanic opening of eustachian tube. We found that the rate of the process tissue in the tympanic opening of eustachian tube was 86.5% (32/37) during the operation and that they were mainly granulation tissues and cholesteatoma. The rate of eustachian tubal hypofunction was 90.2% (37/41), the obstructive type and the incompetent type were 32 ears and five ears, respectively, only four were normal. CONCLUSION: HRCT scans and eustachian tubal function tests by Sonotubometry and Tubotymanoaerodynamic (TTAG) play vital roles in diagnosis of the tympanic opening lesion of eustachian tube and in assessment of eustachian tubal function pre-operation of middle ear cholesteatoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Carcinoma of the temporal bone--current diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

BACKGROUND: Carcinoma of the external ear canal and the middle ear is a rather rare event and is especially seen in patients with chronic inflammatory ear disease. PATIENTS: Between 1993 and 1994, we treated seven patients with such a tumor, of which six proved to be a squamous cell carcinoma and one presumably adenocarcinoma. In three patients, the malignoma developed in a radical cavity of the ear and caused a facial palsy. Only two patients were without any discharge of the ear. Beside facial palsy, hemorrhagic otorrhea and otalgia were the leading symptoms. One patient presented with a bilateral painless swelling of the neck due to lymph node metastasis. Diagnosis was made by means of biopsy in only three patients and on the basis of a resected specimen after mastoidectomy in four patients. Angiography and computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed prior to treatment to determine the extent of the tumor. RESULTS: The tumor was resected by petrosectomy, parotidectomy, and neck dissection in 5 patients. Three times the margins of the histological specimen were free of tumor. Lymph node metastasis in the neck were seen in 5 cases, while distant metastasis did not occur. Two patients underwent primary irradiation, but a postoperative radiation therapy was performed five times. To date, three patients died after one year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Carcinoma of the temporal bone is a rare tumor, which can be treated only in case of early diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of the otoendoscopic and microscopic anatomy of the middle ear cleft in canal wall-up and canal wall-down temporal bone dissections.

This study was designed to compare the accessibility of particular anatomical sites in the middle ear cleft in five canal wall-up and five canal wall-down temporal bone dissections, using 0 and 70 degree otoendoscopes and the microscope. In all five canal wall-up dissections, otoendoscopy gave good visualization of all sites of the middle ear cleft whereas microscopy failed to give adequate visualization of the sinus tympani and protympanum. In all five canal wall-down dissections otoendoscopy again allowed good visualization of all sites whereas microscopy did not permit visualization of the sinus tympani. It is well known that residual cholesteatoma is most frequently found in the sinus tympani, therefore this makes the otoendoscope an essential adjunct to the microscope in canal wall-up and canal wall-down surgery.

Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear↗
PubMed1985

[Anatomo-pathologic study of the temporal bone in our 4 cases of sudden infant death].

A new etiopathogenic theory is proposed by the authors about four cases of sudden infant death syndrome. A new histological method on the temporal bone was used applied in these four cases. Inner ear and meningeal injuries were observed. From this observation they proposed the possibilities of brain-stem injury through neurogenic or meningeal pathways. These injuries could be responsible for apnea syndrome and loss of alertness.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intra-temporal bone paralysis of the facial nerve].

On the basis of personal experience and data from literature, the authors enumerate causes of peripheric paralysis of the facial nerve due to diseases and injuries of the temporal bone. They made the aetiological classification of these paralyses and described some pathophysiological mechanisms of their onset.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1991

Temporal bone findings in a family with branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR).

A family group with confirmed branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome was investigated in this study. Computerized tomography of the temporal bones has demonstrated that the malformations of the inner ear consist of hypoplastic structural changes within the cochlea with reduced vertical diameters, and absent or hypoplastic semicircular canals and normal endolymphatic ducts. It is concluded that in the present cases, the Mondini malformation of the cochlea is not associated with the BOR syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Human temporal bone from the lower Paleolithic site of Castel di Guido, near Rome, Italy.

The Castel di Guido site, with an estimated age of approximately 300,000 years, has yielded abundant animal remains, Acheulian stone and bone bifaces, and small tools. On the surface of the original deposit, turned over by agricultural activities, fragments of human remains were discovered between 1980 and 1986, including a temporal bone described here.

Fossils↗
PubMed2003

Endolymphatic sac tumor (low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma) of the temporal bone.

The entity which has come to be known as an endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) has, in the past, been known as adenocarcinoma of endolymphatic sac origin, aggressive papillary tumor of the temporal bone and Heffner's tumor. ELSTs arise in the vicinity of the inner ear and may extend to involve both the posterior fossa as well as the middle ear and the external ear canal, which may complicate the differential diagnosis ELSTs are typically seen in adults, with only rare descriptions in pediatric patients. They may be sporadic tumors or they may arise as part of the symptom complex of von Hippel-Lindau disease. Clinical signs at presentation range from a mass in the external ear canal to sensorineural deafness to cranial nerve palsies. Imaging studies reveal a destructive lesion of the petrous bone which is heterogeneous on MR scanning. Light microscopy reveals two chief patterns: a follicular pattern, reminiscent of thyroid parenchyma; and a papillary/solid pattern. Both patterns are often admixed in the same tumor, and the individual tumor cells are cytologically bland. Immunohistochemically, ELSTs are typically keratin-, vimentin- and epithelial membrane antigen-positive; they are often S-100 protein-positive and neuron-specific enolase-positive as well. ELSTs are difficult to extirpate surgically (owing to their locally aggressive nature); nevertheless, surgical excision remains the mainstay of current therapy. These are slow-growing (albeit locally aggressive) tumors which have only rarely been reported to metastasize; as such, they remain principally a problem of local control.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed2002

[Effects of pneumatization of the temporal bone on the onset and course of acute mastoiditis].

Roentgenogram planimetry according to Schuller was made in 75 patients with acute mastoiditis (AM) to study correlations between the degree of pneumatization of the temporal bone and AM onset. It was found that complication of acute otitis media purulenta with AM takes place only in patients with well developed pneumatic system. Development of intracranial complications occurs in cases with wider area of the cell system. Mastoiditis arises because of inadequate treatment of acute inflammation of the middle ear and aditoanthral obstruction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Computer-aided 3-D temporal bone anatomy for cochlear implant surgery.

To define anatomical relationships important in cochlear implantation, computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement of middle and inner ear structures in six normal temporal bones were performed. Our findings were as follows: 1. When viewed from the posterior hypotympanotomy (facial recess) approach, the inferior 10% to 30% of the round window (RW) membrane was visible in only half the cases. 2. The most inferior portion of the basal turn of the scala tympani was not only inferior but also slightly anteriorly behind the RW membrane in more than half the cases. 3. The shortest distances from the aperture of the RW niche and from the margin of the RW to the stapes head were 2.38 +/- 0.33 and 2.15 +/- 0.22 mm, respectively. 4. The distance between the RW and the most inferior portion of the basal turn scala tympani was 5.15 +/- 0.34 mm. 5. The direction of the electrode advancement lay at a sharp angle to the inferior part of the RW (mean 31.9 +/- 3.6 degrees). 6. The direction from the RW to the most inferior portion of the basal turn scala tympani lay 16.0 +/- 5.3 degrees anteroinferior to the direction of the advancement of the electrode to the RW. 7. The distance between the margin of the RW and the basilar membrane of the cochlea was 0.58 +/- 0.10 mm at the superior aspect of the RW, and was 1.23 +/- 0.12 mm at the lateral aspect of the RW. 8. Dissecting away less than 1 mm (mean 0.7 +/- 0.27 mm) of the RW margin inferiorly or inferolaterally was enough to permit straight insertion of the electrode in most cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The inclined lateral projection: a new view in temporal bone tomography.

Radiographic findings in the inclined lateral projection are presented. This view provides detail of the malleus and incus which is not provided on any other view and also preserves the visualization of temporal bone anatomy seen by routine lateral projection. The frequent occurrence of ossicular pathology in inflammatory and traumatic diseases of the ear requires the meticulous radiographic examination of the ossicles provided by this projection. Patient positioning is uncomplicated and comfortable.

Ear, Middle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sclerosteosis involving the temporal bone: clinical and radiologic aspects.

Sclerosteosis is one of the rare, potentially lethal, autosomal recessive, progressive, craniotubular sclerosing bone dysplasias. Syndactyly of the second and third or other fingers is evident at birth. Hyperostosis and sclerosis are most prominent in the skull and tubular bones, and are frequently associated with excessive height and weight. The typical facial deformity is apparent by the age of 5 years. The changes involving the temporal bone include a marked increase in overall dimensions, extreme sclerosis, and narrowing and constriction of the external ear canal, middle ear cleft, internal acoustic meatus, and falloppian canal. Impairment of hearing, as a rule bilateral, is a frequent presenting symptom which may manifest in early childhood. Initially it is an expression of interference with sound conduction; later it may become associated with a loss of sound perception. Impairment of facial nerve function is another salient feature which occasionally is present at birth. As a rule, it manifests initially as a unilateral, recurrent paresis, eventually progressing to a bilateral permanent partial loss of facial nerve function. Since impairments of hearing and facial nerve function are two of the salient features, present at birth or in early childhood, the responsibility for recognizing the disease often falls upon the otolaryngologist. The clinical and radiologic features permit not only early recognition of the disorder but also differentiation from similar bony dysplasias. Hyperosteosis and sclerosis of the skull lead to thickening and distortion of the calvaria, cranial base, and foramen magnum resulting in reduction of the intracranial volume, interference with the cerebral blood flow, resorption of cerebrospinal fluid, and gradual increase of intracranial pressure. Severe headaches resulting from this mechanism often develop in early adulthood, and several patients have died suddenly from impaction of the medulla oblongata in the foramen magnum. Decompression of the transverse sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb may be lifesaving, combined with a posterior, and if necessary, an anterior, craniectomy for decompression. Early decompression of the internal acoustic meatus and falloppian canal may help in the preservation of cochlear and facial nerve function.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Simultaneous leukaemic infiltrate and cholesteatoma in the same temporal bone.

Leukaemic relapse in the ear is very rare. We report a case of relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the left ear. The patient presented with an aural polyp and ipsilateral facial palsy. The temporal bone showed simultaneous leukaemic infiltrate and cholesteatoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported with such pathology.

Child↗