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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Postoperative necrotizing fasciitis of the thorax in cardiac surgery.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare soft tissue infection and a life-threatening emergency, often fatal. Its incidence and management are described plentifully in the medical literature regarding the most common anatomical sites involved like the abdomen, lower and upper limbs, and perineum. However, available data and case reports of chest wall necrotizing fasciitis after thoracic procedures are scarce, mainly after major cardiac operations. We report and discuss a case of necrotizing fasciitis of the chest wall occurring in the immediate postoperative period of a cardiac procedure, and include a brief review of the concepts, pathophysiology, and treatment reported in the medical literature. We emphasize the need for early diagnosis and urgent and effective surgical debridement. Of importance is the fact that we have not found any references in the literature to cases similar or equal to the one we describe here, which occurred in the postoperative period of a cardiac procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Metastatic melanoma in the thorax: report of 130 patients.

Early detection of metastatic melanoma has become more important as newer and more effective therapeutic regimens are used. Between 1970 and 1980, 1,600 patients were treated at one institution for malignant melanoma. Of these, 260 (16.3%) developed thoracic metastasis. Satisfactory chest radiographs were available for analysis in 130 of 260 patients. The patterns of the intrathoracic metastasis include multiple pulmonary nodules (52 patients), solitary nodule (26), miliary pattern (two), mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy (nine), pleural effusion (three), lytic bony lesions (one), extra-pleural mass (one), and combined lesions (36). Both the staging of melanoma and the radiographic pattern of thoracic metastasis seemed to prognosticate the survival rate of these patients. Miliary metastasis and bone destruction implied a grave prognosis. Patients with a solitary lung nodule had the best survival experience. Immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery of selected distal metastases significantly improved the survival of most of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

High-spatial-frequency (bone) algorithm improves quality of standard CT of the thorax.

The high-spatial-frequency (bone) reconstruction algorithm has been shown to be superior to the standard algorithm in the assessment of thin-section images of the lung parenchyma. We compared the high-spatial-frequency and standard algorithms in the evaluation of normal and abnormal lung parenchyma and mediastinum on conventional 10-mm-collimation CT scans. Three observers, blinded to the reconstruction algorithm used, compared both algorithms on identical images in 31 patients with a variety of diseases. Lung parenchymal detail was improved with the bone algorithm in 94% of scans (p less than .001). The definition of mediastinal contents with the bone algorithm was judged equal or superior to the standard algorithm in 94% of images (p less than .001). Scanning of a line-pair-resolution phantom demonstrated a 28% improvement in image resolution with the bone algorithm. Although the bone algorithm resulted in an increase in visible noise, the overall visual quality of the images was considered equal to or greater than that of those reconstructed on the standard algorithm in 100% of parenchymal (p less than .001) and 85% of mediastinal (p less than .001) images. We conclude that routine use of the bone algorithm results in improved spatial resolution and definition of pulmonary parenchymal detail without appreciably degrading the overall visual quality of mediastinal images.

Algorithms↗