Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Syphilis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

London--the next battleground for syphilis?

Recent outbreaks of infectious syphilis across England raise concerns about the possibility of similar occurrences in London and highlight the inability of routine surveillance to detect outbreaks in a timely fashion. A rapid assessment exercise involving a cross-sectional survey of all London genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics was therefore undertaken in April 2001, to confirm recent reports of infectious syphilis and the associated demographic and behavioural risk factors. Between 1999 and 2000, the number of diagnoses of infectious syphilis in London rose by 41% from 154 to 217. Largest rises were seen in homosexual males (38 to 67 diagnoses), and this trend persisted into the 1st quarter of 2001. Nearly half of the male homosexual cases where HIV status was known were HIV positive.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Leucocyte migration-inhibition test in syphilis (author's transl)].

The leucocyte migration-inhibition test was performed on blood from 57 patients with syphilis. Even in the early stages of the disease with lymph-node involvement there were signs of cellular antitreponemic reactivity. But there was an absence of cellular immune response in some patients with secondary syphilis and CNS involvement in the course of tertiary syphilis.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗
PubMed2002

Study of prevalence & correlation between HIV and syphilis among blood donors in a teaching hospital, Ludhiana, India.

In the present study, total of 21014 healthy blood donors were screened, out total, 20 (0.095%) were found to be positive for syphilis and 18 (0.086%) were found to be positive for human immunodeficiency virus, So, a positive correlation was seen between the positivity of syphilis & HIV. This supports the idea that syphilis screening of blood donors should be continued.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed2003

A serosurvey of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human T lymphotropic virus type-1 and syphilis in HIV-1-infected patients in Jamaica.

The seroprevalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and syphyilis were determined in 129 HIV-1-infected patients using commercially prepared reagents. The seroprevalences were HCV, 0% (0/129); HBV, 37% (48/129); HTLV-1, 5% (6/129) and syphilis, 20% (26/129). Fifteen per cent (19/129) of the patients had active/chronic HBV infection. The seroprevalence of HBV was statistically significantly higher in HIV-1 infected men (24/49, 50% versus 17/80, 21%; p = 0.005), while the seroprevalence of syphilis was statistically significantly increased in HIV-1 infected patients in the over-40 age group (10/31, 32% versus 6/53, 11%; p = 0.05). These findings throw the spotlight on HBV infection and syphilis and suggest that these two sexually transmitted infections should be carefully surveyed in patients with HIV/AIDS in Jamaica. It is essential for management protocols in Jamaica to include screening for evidence of these co-infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1954

The syphilis problem in Asir province, Saudi Arabia.

A combined national and international venereal disease team began activities in Saudi Arabia in November 1952, moving from Mecca to Asir province in May 1953, where it remained for two months examining and treating various groups of the population. A total of 309 cases of syphilis among a population of approximately 3,000 at Abha was given complete clinical and serological examination and treatment with PAM, in doses varying from 2.4 to 6.0 million units. Serological tests were made on 2,359 blood samples. Only one primary lesion was found; but secondary lesions were quite common, amounting to 5.8% of all cases treated, while tertiary lesions represented 12.6% of all cases treated and 67.2% of all clinical cases.Considerable variations in the prevalence of syphilis were noted among the different quarters of the town of Abha and among different tribes and villages. All the age-groups were more or less equally affected, but the females generally showed a higher positivity-rate than the males.All these features-together with the low social, economic, and sanitary standards of the population and many prevalent social habits, such as the use of common eating and drinking implements - would seem to indicate that the syphilis met in Asir, and locally known as "shadjar", "balash", "fringi", "mabrouk", or "wardi", should be included with the endemic treponematoses met with elsewhere in the world.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1992

Phenotype of villous stromal cells in placentas with cytomegalovirus, syphilis, and nonspecific villitis.

Villous stromal cells (VSC) play an important role in fetomaternal placental immune function. We studied the phenotype of VSC in infection by cytomegalovirus (CMV) and syphilis as well as nonspecific villitis and compared the findings with gestational age-matched controls. Monoclonal antibodies directed against total leukocytes, T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes and HLA-DR as well as polyclonal antibodies against S-100, alpha-1 antichymotrypsin, and lysozyme were used. In controls, the immunocytochemical response for each marker was either negative or weakly positive. In contrast, the VSC in CMV-infected and nonspecific villitis showed intense reactivity to various macrophage markers. In syphilis, reactivity with macrophage markers such as lysozyme and MAC387 were weaker, and reactivity to HLA-DR and S-100 was much stronger. Endothelial cells strongly expressed the monocyte/granulocyte marker CD15 in the diseased states, especially in syphilis, relative to controls. We conclude that the phenotype of VSC is altered in disease states and that the changes are dependent to some degree on the specific subset of chronic villitis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1956

Biologically false positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis.

The frequency of biologically false positive reactions to serological tests for syphilis depends on a number of factors, including the individual immunological response, the number and type of serological tests performed, and the stage of the disease producing such reactions; the relative importance of such factors is discussed. The author also considers in detail the diseases or conditions giving rise to acute or chronic biologically false positive reactions.A variety of verification tests exists for differentiating the true syphilitic reaction from the biologically false positive reaction, but none is so accurate as the Treponema pallidum immobilization and immune adherence tests, which the author considers should be used when others have proved inconclusive. In the final section of his paper, he indicates the steps to be followed in attempting to distinguish between latent syphilis and biologically false positive reactions in persons with positive serological tests but no anamnestic or clinical evidence of syphilis.

Child↗
PubMed1956

Serologic diagnosis of syphilis; the use of Treponema pallidum immobilization and immune adherence tests.

TPI tests were carried out on 4,060 sera. Among 3,934 patients with reactive STS and no history of syphilis, 2,148 or 54.6 per cent had negative reaction to TPI tests, 1,695 or 43.1 per cent had positive reaction and 91 or 2.3 per cent had doubtful reaction. Two hundred and ninety-two or 73.0 per cent of 400 pregnant women with reaction to STS in the absence of a history of syphilis showed negative results by TPI test, 103 or 25.8 per cent had positive results and five or 1.2 per cent had doubtful reaction.Ninety-five or 75.4 per cent of 126 patients with a history of treated syphilis had positive reaction to TPI tests, 20 or 20.2 per cent had negative reaction and nine or 9.1 per cent had doubtful reaction.TPI and TPIA tests were done on 143 sera carefully selected for the study. Among 102 sera subjected to the TPI test, 46 or 100 per cent of these positive were also positive by TPIA tests, while 52 or 94.5 per cent of 55 TPI-negative sera were also nonreactive by TPIA test. One serum gave doubtful TPI test reaction and positive TPIA test reaction.

Female↗
PubMed1956

Endemic syphilis and yaws.

Endemic syphilis and similar conditions are compared in this paper with yaws. Both are non-venereal and endemic, and they have very similar epidemiological characteristics. There is also considerable similarity in the clinical manifestations at the various stages of yaws and endemic syphilis, the differences that do appear being mainly due to different environmental and living conditions. No antigenic or immunogenic differences between syphilis and yaws have yet been demonstrated, and the sensitivity of both to penicillin is the same. Control measures for both diseases may be based on similar principles.The author considers the treponematoses to be closely related infections, and stresses the "unitarian" view put forward by various writers.

Environment↗
PubMed1960

Early infectious syphilis. Male homosexual relations as a mode of spread.

Homosexual relations play an important part in the transmission of infectious syphilis. A preponderance of the males with infectious syphilis treated in Los Angeles City Health Department clinics in 1959 admitted to exclusively homosexual relations during the period in which they became infected. In the interviewing of males with infectious syphilis, inquiry should routinely be made relative to possible homosexual relations, for investigation of the sexual partners of homosexual males is particularly productive in terms of new case finding. The practicing physician's awareness of the epidemiological significance of homosexual activity will influence his degree of clinical suspicion, his attitude in the physician-patient relationship and his concept of the opportunity and responsibility of bringing to examination the infected patient's sexual partners.

Attitude↗
PubMed2003

[Detection of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in treated syphilis patients with persistent positivity for rapid plasma reagin].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with latent syphilis after treatment, who had persistent positive results of test for rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and remained infectious. METHODS: T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood were measured with flow cytometry (FCM) in these 43 patients and 30 normal subjects served as controls. RESULTS: Peripheral blood CD3, CD4 and NK cells exhibited no significant difference between the latent patients and the controls (P>0.05), but CD8 cells were higher in these patients (P<0.05). The treated patients with persistent positive RPR within two years had elevated levels of CD3, CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes (P<0.05), but NK cells appeared to be lowered (P<0.05); in patients with positive RPR for over two years, CD3, CD4 and NK cells were comparable with those in the controls (P>0.05), but CD8 cells was elevated (P<0.05). Patients with RPR positivity within two years had higher CD3 and CD4 lymphocytes, but lower NK cells in comparison with the patients with more than two years' of positivity (P<0.05); CD8 cells were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cellular immunity imbalance and immune suppression can be present in treated syphilis patients with persistent positive RPR and the risk to transmission, which may lower the host ability to resist and clear Treponema pallidum and is associated with the difficulty in treating syphilis patients and the persistence of positive RPR even after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in ocular syphilis.

A patient with ocular syphilis is presented. She experienced deterioration in vision following the commencement of treatment due to a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. This is a transient febrile illness that can occur in patients after the first adequate dose of an anti-microbial drug to treat infectious diseases such as syphilis, Lyme disease and relapsing fever. However, a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction occurring in a patient receiving treatment for ocular syphilis can be serious, resulting in the rapid loss of vision.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behaviors of crack cocaine users and their impact on early syphilis intervention.

The impact of crack use on syphilis intervention was investigated by reviewing records of persons diagnosed with early syphilis when voluntarily attending County Health Department clinics in Detroit, Michigan and Dallas, Texas between August 1989 and August 1990. The sample was stratified and data were analyzed using multivariate techniques. Compared with men who did not use crack, male crack users were more likely to report having four or more sexual partners during their critical period for acquiring or passing on infection (odds ratio, OR = 4.33; 95% confidence interval, CI = 2.08, 8.99). Among men, having a large number of sexual partners during this period was associated with a lower percentage of contacts being examined (OR = 11.8; 95% CI = 2.91, 47.5). Among women, having four or more sexual partners during their critical period and a lower partner examination rate were both associated with crack use; crack use was strongly associated with exchanging sex for money or drugs. We conclude that crack use has the largest impact on syphilis intervention through its association with having large numbers of sexual partners.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Syphilis--Ford County, Kansas, 1992.

In January 1992, the Ford County (Kansas) Health Department received a report of a pregnant women with a positive serologic test for syphilis. Syphilis had not been reported in the county (1990 population: 27,463) since September 1989. As a result of the investigation summarized in this report, six additional persons with syphilis were identified by contact tracing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Syphilis: clinical, biological and therapeutical aspects].

Syphilis is a STI. The present epidemic is related to the relapse into unsafe sexual behaviour. HIV has not modified clinical aspects and the great simulator implies to perform TPHA and VDRL in various circumstances. Treatment is simple and consensual in early syphilis. Treatment of late syphilis is dependent upon indications of CSF control, to be discussed by specialists, particularly in HIV+ patients.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed2004

[Interpretation of questionable syphilis serologies].

Serologic tests are essential for the diagnosis of syphilis. In symptomatic patients, serodiagnosis confirms the clinical diagnosis. During the asymptomatic stage, interpretation of serologic tests is more difficult, either because of low serologic titres or because of discrepant serologies. Questioning of the patient will help to find a history of syphilis within the previous months or years, an adequate therapy or no treatment at all. Another issue that must be mentioned is the impossibility to differentiate syphilis and non-sexually acquired treponemal infections.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2003

Decline in prevalence of HIV-1 infection and syphilis among young women attending antenatal care clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: results from sentinel surveillance, 1995-2001.

From 1995 to 2001, five rounds of sentinel surveillance were carried out for young women attending antenatal care clinics at four health centers in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, to monitor trends in the prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to HIV (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting) and antibodies to Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum hemagglutination assay and rapid plasma reagin test). Prevalence ratios for an increase in one calendar year were estimated using log-binomial models. Between 1995 and 2001, the prevalence of HIV infection among young women (age range, 15-24 years) attending antenatal care clinics in inner city health centers declined from 24.2% to 15.1% (prevalence ratio for an increase in one calendar year, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.87-0.95). No change was observed for older age groups or in outer city health centers. The decline in the prevalence of active syphilis (T. pallidum hemagglutination assay and rapid plasma reagin testing positive for antibodies to T. pallidum) was more pronounced among and also restricted to the young age groups (age range, 15-24 years) in the inner city (from 7.6% in 1995 to 1.3% in 2001; prevalence ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.59-0.80). The declining trends in the prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among young women attending antenatal care clinics in the inner city are encouraging, but these findings require confirmation in future years and for other population groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Primary syphilis of oral mucosa: case report of an unusual manifestation.

Dental clinicians and other health care providers have long been concerned about a variety of infectious agents that may be transmitted within the dental setting. Many infectious diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis, tuberculosis, and syphilis are important both because of their potential transmissibility and because the first manifestations of the disease may appear in the oral cavity. Oral disease as a consequence of primary syphilis is rare. This article details a patient presenting with a labial nodule as her only clinical manifestation of undiagnosed primary syphilis.

Adolescent↗