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PubMed1991

[Retinal detachment after perforating injuries of the eye. I. Analysis of anamnestic data related to the injury, analysis of deficiencies in the primary care of the eye injury and principles of prevention of post-traumatic retinal detachment].

In 1977-1987 the authors operated by the cryosurgical method 69 patients on account of detachment of the retina. The detachment occurred in 37 patients after simple perforation of the eye and in 32 patients after perforation with a foreign intraocular body. In all patients the perforation penetrated as far as the vitreous body. In the first part of the paper the authors analyze in detail anamnestic data related to the injury: age, mechanism of injury, rapidity and method of surgical treatment, chemical nature of foreign body and its size, rapidity and method of extraction of the foreign body. In the subsequent part the authors define the principles of prevention of post-traumatic detachment of the retina during surgical treatment of the injury. Finally the basic shortcomings of primary treatment of the injury from the aspect of detachment of the retina are outlined, as recorded in the group treated by the authors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The blood-retinal barrier: leucine transport by the retinal pigment epithelium.

The transport of leucine across the isolated bullfrog pigment epithelium-choroid was studied in a modified Ussing chamber. With the same concentration of leucine on both sides of the tissue, there was a net flux in the apical-to-basal (retina-to-choroid) direction. The concentration dependence of the apical-to-basal flux comprised at least 2 components: a carrier-mediated flux, with an apparent Km of 0.76 mM and a Vmax of 298 nmol/cm2/hr, and a linear component with a slope of 33.4 cm/hr. The basal-to-apical flux was linear to 10 mM leucine, with a slope of 60 cm/hr. In the absence of Na+, the apical-to-basal flux was inhibited 20%, while the basal-to-apical flux was unaffected. The apical-to-basal flux could be inhibited to the level of the basal-to-apical flux by removing glucose from the solution and adding KCN. Otherwise both fluxes were relatively unaltered by metabolic poisons. There appear to be 3 contributors to the apical-to-basal flux: a weakly Na+-dependent carrier, a linear component (diffusion), and a countertransport mechanism. The basal-to-apical flux must have 2 linear mechanisms, diffusion to the same extent as the opposite flux, and possibly pinocytosis.

Animals↗