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PubMedDate not supplied

Establishing and maintaining competency.

The recruitment and hiring processes are crucial to quality assurance and cost containment in home healthcare. Competency-based orientation programs designed to provide outcome-focused orientation for the intravenous nurse who is new to homecare will benefit both the new employee and the homecare agency. Development of such a program is discussed, and consideration is given to program design, program evaluation, and ongoing employee education. Sample employee and program assessment tools are provided.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2002

[Management of a cholera epidemic by a humanitarian organization].

Far from disappearing with modern progress, cholera outbreaks have never been more common than in the last decade. Because of its close relationship with poverty, malnutrition, poor access to health care, warfare, and sometimes natural disaster, cholera is a major priority for action by doctors from humanitarian organization. In this article a brief overview about cholera is followed by an account of one non-governmental organization's approach to management of a cholera outbreak. The author describe the circumstances surrounding the alert and the fact-finding mission focused on documenting the presence of an epidemic, measuring its magnitude, and predicting its outcome. The next phase of management involved response planning with development of a control strategy and raising money for intervention, which is often difficult for epidemics not reported in the media. The control modalities were then deployed in the field including assisting patient management, preventing transmission, training personnel, supervising activities, coordinating tasks performed by different actors, and finally program evaluation. This experience shows that successful cholera management programs can be conducted in a professional manner by teams composed essentially of volunteers under the supervision of a knowledgeable staff able to adapt general control techniques to the specific conditions encountered in the field.

Altruism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of effective, harm-free environments for children in out-of-home care.

The history of out-of-home care is replete with documented examples of abusive and neglectful practices. Some scholars express concern that out-of-home care is de facto abusive. Certain elements, however, can foster effective and harm-free out-of-home care, such as caregiver support, a model of care, a focus on positive behavior, a consumer orientation, training, program evaluation, and an internal program audit. These elements work together to increase program effectiveness and reduce negative outcomes such as staff burnout. Furthermore, programs that use these elements can be cost efficient.

Caregivers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of Machiavellian intelligence in antisocial disorder with the MACH-IV Scale].

INTRODUCTION: The objective is to evaluate the presence of Machiavellian intelligence with the MACH-IV Scale in antisocial patients versus community controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Categorical diagnosis and dimensional evaluation program according to IPDE were obtained from 26 controls from the community and 40 patients from a methadone program. Both groups were evaluated on cooperation with TCI and on Machiavellian intelligence with MACH-IV. RESULTS: Higher figures in MACH-IV Global Score, Tactics subscale (to manipulate others), Visions subscale (interpretations on Machiavellian behavior of others) were found in the 20 antisocial patients compared with the 26 community controls achieving statistical significance. No statistical differences were found for Morality subscale scores (abstract morality) between groups. Dimensional evaluation of antisocial disorder according to IPDE shows statistically significant positive correlations for Tactics subscale, Visions subscale and Global Score of MACH-IV scale, but no statistically significant correlation was found for Morality subscale. There is a statistically significant negative correlation between MACH-IV Tactics subscale and TIC altruism subscale. CONCLUSIONS: Antisocial patients have the same level of abstract moral attitudes as controls but are prone to use Machiavellian intelligence to interpret the actions of others, rationalize their own conduct and manipulate the behavior of others to get a benefit. These data support the hypothesis that many of the features of the antisocial syndrome may be explained by an abnormal development of an innate predisposition to be dominant in social relationships.

Adult↗