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Experimental model and neural network based electrical conductivity estimation in soilless culture system.

The optimum management of nutrient solution in soilless culture needs the accurate control of nutrient solution, especially in recycled soilless culture system. To keep the electrical conductivity (EC) of nutrient solution within the adequate range after application of combined fertilizers, theoretically derived EC prediction methods are required. In this study, the experimental EC prediction equation, an extended form of the Robinson and Stroke's theoretical equation only available for a binary electrolyte, was developed for predicting the EC of the nutrient solution containing many kinds of inorganic compounds. And the multilayer perceptron consisting of three layers with the back propagation learning algorithm was developed for EC prediction. It consists of nine variables in the input layer for the concentrations of seven macro elements, Na+ and Cl, and one variable in the output layer for the EC of nutrient solution. The predicted ECs by experimental model as well as neural networks for the nutrient solution were compared to the measured ones and showed good agreements.

Culture Media↗

Pertussis toxin blocks a late inhibitory postsynaptic potential in hippocampal CA3 neurons.

These experiments show that a synaptic response, namely the late inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) of hippocampal CA3 neurons of rats, is blocked by pertussis toxin, an inactivator of several GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) excluding the G-protein that stimulates adenylyl cyclase. This blockage occurred without a similar effect upon either the mossy fiber-evoked EPSP or the early (GABAa-mediated) IPSP. The toxin also blocked the response to baclofen, an agonist for a putative receptor (GABAb) mediating the late IPSP, but did not affect the response to THIP, an agonist for the receptor (GABAa) mediating the early IPSP. It is proposed that a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein controls the conductance of the late IPSP.

Action Potentials↗