Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Handicapped”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Zuclopenthixol decanoate in the management of behavioural disorders in mentally handicapped patients.

One hundred and sixteen mentally handicapped patients with behavioural disorders were studied in a double-blind clinical comparison of zuclopenthixol decanoate injection (mean dosage 123 mg/week) and placebo. The study consisted of a 4-week open phase, in which all patients were treated with zuclopenthixol decanoate, followed by a 12-week double-blind phase where approximately half of the patients were changed to placebo. Patients were assessed every 2 weeks using the Clinical Global Impression, the Nurse's Observation Scale for In-patient Evaluation, a specific behaviour rating scale designed for this study and a side-effects check-list. Fourteen patients in the placebo group were withdrawn because of an increase in the frequency and severity of their behavioural disorders compared to only 4 in the zuclopenthixol decanoate group. Analyses of the rating scales of the patients remaining in the study also showed zuclopenthixol decanoate to be superior to placebo in the treatment of mentally handicapped patients with behavioural disorders. Side-effects in general were not a problem and did not affect treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Disabled and handicapped in the Aquitaine region].

An extension of the national survey on health and medical consumption conducted in 1981 on a random sample of the population living at home in Aquitaine used questionnaire on presence of disability and handicap (according to WHO definition). Occupations, mobility, personal care, communication restriction are observed in respectively 10.6, 3.3 and 1.5% of the sample. Because people aged 60 and over are concerned in 60 to more than 80% according disability or handicap dimension, analysis of those was follow up for this only population. Personal and domestic care disabilities are then noted for one out of eight persons, communication disabilities are present among one subject out of twenty. One person out of seven is restricted for mobility and physical independence whereas one out of four was restricted for customary occupations and one out of ten for social relationships. Those aged 75 and over are three of four times more often involved than those aged 60 to 74 with the exception of usual occupations. The 5% of those defined as dependent and nevertheless living alone are the ones that are likely to be institutionalized because of a minor intercurrent health problem.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1987

[Fitness for automobile driving of physically handicapped patients].

Some 30.5 million Germans hold a driving license. For the person with a physical handicap, too, active traffic participation is of special importance, in that it constitutes an essential link in his rehabilitation. Road traffic authorities, in view of traffic safety, are held to consider both, the handicapped individual's interest in obtaining a license and society's claim to safety. Numerous studies have established the fact that disabled drivers, in particular those with impairment of the limbs, are neither more accident-prone nor otherwise more conspicious in road traffic than the non-disabled. The view that the driver with a physical disability poses particular risks, has been invalidated by extensive factual data and thorough literature review. Diseases of major relevance for driving ability are touched on, the range of adaptive equipment is exemplified. Physicians in accident surgery primarily have to deal with trauma to the spinal cord and limbs. The majority of these conditions permit good compensation by technical devices, enabling safe driving of a private car. Awareness of legal/administrative aspects of licensing, as well as of the adaptive potential of technical aids are of great importance to both physician and client.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1988

Handicap discrimination considerations in treating the impaired worker: drugs, alcohol, pregnancy, and AIDS in the workplace.

In dealing with applicants and employees, administrators must comply with handicap and pregnancy discrimination statutes, any union collective bargaining agreement, and any state or local statutes specifically directed at protecting certain classes of handicapped persons. The employer must make reasonable accommodations which allow the disabled worker to perform the job, although the employer need not implement accommodations which are an undue hardship. Similarly, if the impaired employee cannot safely perform the essential functions of the job, he or she need not be hired or retained. Employers must also recognize their responsibilities and liability under their health benefit plans and other liability statutes, and attempt to minimize their exposure.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

The legal obligation to learning-disabled and handicapped allied health students.

Recent legislation and judicial decisions regarding the legal responsibilities of postsecondary institutions to handicapped and learning-disabled students is discussed. The relevance of these decisions to administrators of allied health programs in the selection and retention of students becomes apparent as one reviews the increased number of litigations in the past few years. In summary, administrators must make reasonable accommodations to "otherwise qualified" handicapped individuals. They need not, however, accept students that could not benefit from the principal education given or would not likely pass certification exams in their field of study.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Stability of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--revised for emotionally handicapped middle-school-age children.

In this pilot study, 20 middle-school-age children classified as emotionally handicapped were administered Forms L and M of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Revised in test-retest fashion. Pearson correlations for Form L were .90, for Form M, .69, and these dependent correlations were significantly different from each other. As triennial school psychological evaluations typically contain tests which have been administered previously, e.g., WISC-R, WRAT-R, we suggest that psychologists use caution when using Form M to test or retest the receptive vocabulary of emotionally handicapped or disturbed middle-school-age children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Associated handicaps in children with hearing loss.

In the differential diagnosis as well as in the rehabilitation of hearing impaired children other disorders affecting language aquisition and speech development need to be taken into account. The rehabilitation programme is highly dependent on the early diagnosis of these additional disorders such as dysphasia, mental retardation of various degrees, cognitive disorders such as dyslexia and dysgraphia, dyspractic and dysarthric disorders of speech production, cleft palate and other anomalies of articulatory organs, autism and other abnormal features of psychic and personality development. In addition children with multiple disorders like malformations, visual disorders, epilepsy, CP and other diseases and handicaps, even though they may not influence language and speech development directly, may still be deprived of possibilities to aquire adequate verbal stimulation. The paper presents a material of 200 children whose hearing loss was diagnosed at the preschool age. Major associated handicaps were found in 35.5% of cases and in 26% they were complicating rehabilitation and development of the child. The frequency of associated disorders and their effect on language and speech development, learning ability and social development is being more closely analysed and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[A district psychiatric clinic and therapeutic pedagogic facility--development of a management concept for mentally handicapped patients].

There is a general consensus of opinion that adult mentally handicapped persons--if we leave aside the treatment of severe and psychiatrically relevant concomitant diseases or abnormal behaviour--are misfits in a psychiatric hospital. The aim of an independent care of the mentally handicapped can be achieved in different ways based on medical paedagogy. The Home for Medical Paedagogy in Düren, Lower Rhine District, is a case in point. Despite many difficulties and conflicts this hospital attained an outstanding standard of medical care within just ten years. Its location is on the same site as that of the psychiatric hospital.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1987

[The life of parents with handicapped children].

Based on personal experience and the results of a survey among 78 families, the author analyses the psychological, social and economical consequences of severe mental retardation for the parents of the sick child. The most important consequences are psychological and socio-economic: guilt feelings, social isolation and risk of parental separation. The disclosure of the child's handicap yields to various reactions: psychological shock at first, then denial of the handicap, depression, followed in some parents with acceptance and fear for the future of their child after their own death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Institutions versus community placements: the effects of different residential environments on the behaviour of intellectually handicapped adults.

A major issue in the care of the intellectually handicapped is whether they should continue to be cared for in large institutions, or live in community homes. The community homes are presumed to provide more normal environments than institutions, and to therefore encourage residents to behave more normally than they would in institutions. This study used a measure of normalisation to compare three hospital and four community residences for the intellectually handicapped. It also measured changes in the behaviour of residents who moved from one environment to another. Results showed overlap in the level of normalisation of hospital and community units. Whether in the hospital or the community, the more normal environments had residents with higher levels of adaptive behaviour and mental functioning. The everyday behaviour of residents who moved to more normalised units generally remained unchanged but some adaptive skills and interactive behaviours declined. The existence of continued training programmes appeared more critical than the normalisation of the home in developing and maintaining residents' behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Mother-child transactions in families with normal and handicapped children.

This paper describes two aspects of mother-child interaction: children's contribution to early conversations and mother's tactics for eliciting verbal responses. Normal and handicapped children matched for linguistic complexity (mean length of utterance) differed in both qualitative and quantitative aspects of their verbal interactions with their mothers. Normal children talked more, responded correctly more often, and made more attempts to control the conversation than mentally retarded children. Clear differences in mother choice of tactics for eliciting child verbalizations also were evident between the two groups. Overall, mothers of handicapped children modeled responses more and frequently asked fewer and less complex questions. The differences in mother behavior appeared to be a function of the child's specific skills, and not of the child's general classification as normal or mentally retarded; patterns of mother linguistic adjustment were identical in the two groups. These findings are discussed in terms of a general model of transactional linguistic teaching in dyads with mentally retarded children.

Child↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of the attitudes of mothers of non-handicapped children and of mentally retarded children towards their child and their relation to the school behavior of the child.

The problem of this study was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of behaviour of children at school and the attitudes of their mothers toward their children. To this end, a sample of 357 mothers of non-handicapped children, and 93 mothers of mildly retarded children were interviewed. Further, an assessment was made of certain characteristics of behaviour at school of the children of mothers from both groups. Results showed that behaviour at school of non-handicapped children was strongly related to the attitude of the parent towards the child. This primarily refers to the relation between the child's achievement at school and those dimensions of the attitude of the parent in which the emotional component predominates. However, on the second sample it could be determined that, although there was a relation between behaviour at school and the attitude of the parent, it was much less marked. In this case, those dimensions of the parental attitude with a more pronounced cognitive component are in question.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Sexuality in the handicapped.

Sexuality is often overlooked in rehabilitation of the handicapped. These patients need a family physician who can offer constructive help without being embarrassed or awkward. Awareness that sexuality encompasses more than physical attractiveness and penile-vaginal intercourse, use of sexual imagery and concentration on body areas that retain sensation are essential in the sexual rehabilitation of handicapped patients. Rehabilitation is more likely to succeed when the patient has a supportive sexual partner.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Attitudes and behavior toward students with handicaps by their nonhandicapped peers.

The theory of reasoned action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1973) was used to examine the relationship between attitudes toward becoming a peer tutor for a student with handicaps and actually volunteering to become a peer tutor. This model suggests that intention is the best predictor of behavior and that intention consists of an attitudinal component (attitudes toward the behavior) and a normative component (perceptions of what other people think you should do). Subjects were 125 students in Grades 5 through 7 who were told about peer tutoring and asked to volunteer. Results showed that this model can be used to predict behavior of nonhandicapped students toward their handicapped peers in an educational setting. The importance and implications of these findings were discussed.

Attitude↗
PubMed1986

[Occupational handicaps as risk factors for the readmission of psychiatric patients hospitalized for the first time--results of a prospective longitudinal study].

In dealing with the issue of readmission of psychiatric patients into in-patient care, the focus had in the past primarily been on clinical variables such as diagnosis, or severity of the clinical picture. The present study, however, had centered on occupational variables, such as vocational training, occupational status, periods of gainful employment, and unemployment. This complex was studied in a sample of psychiatric patients, with analyses directed at: percentage of the initial sample readmitted after a catamnestic period of 1 and 2 1/2 yrs. resp., diagnostic groups with increased readmission incidence, and occupational variables associated with the need for readmission. Summing up, it may be stated that occupational handicaps arose in particular in the diagnostic groups of endogenous psychoses, whereas in other groups (such as neuroses, alcoholism) the issue of "social handicaps", in particular, had been in the foreground.

Germany, West↗
PubMed1986

Adults who are mentally handicapped as consumers: issues and guidelines for interviewing.

This paper has arisen from an investigation of the lives and circumstances of 88 people who are mentally handicapped and living in their own homes or tenancies. This study is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council. The difficulties inherent in interviewing people who are mentally handicapped are outlined. This is followed by a consideration of the findings of previous research and a listing of guidelines for interviewing. The paper also explores consent procedures and issues pertaining to the measurement of satisfaction.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1985

Hearing loss in the developmentally handicapped: a comparison of three audiometric procedures.

Moderately (N:61) and profoundly (N:103) retarded or developmentally handicapped residents of a large institution were assessed using three audiometric procedures: behavioral observation audiometry (BOA, both speech and tonal), acoustic reflex measures (SPAR), and brain-stem auditory-evoked responses (BSAER) audiometry. The purpose was to compare the three methods to determine whether a battery of tests might provide a more accurate assessment of this "difficult to test" population. The investigation also looked at the relationship between hearing loss and level of retardation; there was no evidence of such a relationship in the residents of this institution. Results indicated that a battery of tests does help eliminate gaps in testing common to this group, and further that BSAER audiometry, an objective method not affected by behavior or development, may provide the most accurate means of assessing the hearing status of individuals who are profoundly developmentally handicapped.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The role of gestational factors in the formation of irreversible neurologic handicaps].

A review of the literature shows that intensive neonatal care has reduced the incidence of neurological handicaps in children. Babies born before term and small for date are, however, more exposed to these handicaps. The pregnancy and socio-economical factors which are now known to play a role in the occurrence of prematurity and small-for-date babies bring about acute fetal distress which results in a demand for more intensive care. However, long-term neurological defects also result from these factors. Prospective studies can be used to assign a predictive score for these predisposing factors. The Maternity Hospital in Liège University has been using a score of these factors for more than 10 years to set up "a risk of premature birth coefficient." This could help towards a more scientific prognosis of the neurological state of the infant.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗